5.-Fire at Constantinople, destroying 15,000 houses, besides mosques and other public buildings.

6.-Earl Granville writes to the Times concerning the ravages made by the cattle-plague on a farm which he hired at Golden-green, Finchley-road. When he left England for Germany a month since, there were 130 milchcows in four sheds. Yesterday, in the two largest and best managed, he found only one. Experiments were freely permitted with the diseased animals, but in no case were any of the remedies prescribed effectual.

9.-The Emperor and Empress of the French visit the Queen of Spain at San Sebastian. 11.-Statue of Dr. Jenner inaugurated at Boulogne.

Thomas Wood, cashier in the Bank of London, examined before the Lord Mayor on a charge of embezzling 3,570/., the property of his employers.

13.-The Princess of Wales visits the Tower of London for the first time.

15.-The Dublin police quietly surround the office of the Irish People, a Fenian organ, seize the material, and arrest all the men on the establishment, together with two or three others who were recognised by the detectives when they made their appearance in the crowd which followed the prisoners to the station. Other arrests were made at Cork and Enniscarthy. On the 16th, 100/. reward was offered for such information as would lead to the apprehension of James Stephens, a noted conspirator.

16.-Herr von Bismarck created a Count. 21.-The Emperor of Austria suspends the Constitution of the Empire, preparatory to bringing the Hungarian and Croatian Diets

within the Fundamental Law promulgated by the February Patent concerning the representation of the people.

22.-Died, aged 71, John Frederick Herring, a popular animal painter.

26.-Numerous deaths from cholera in Marseilles, Toulon, and other cities in the south of France.

27.-The Pope issues an allocution, condemning Fenianism and Freemasonry.

30. At the examination of the Fenian prisoners, in Dublin, the following letter from O'Keefe to Luby was read:-"The Duke of Leinster with his 70,000 acres, the Earl of Ormond with 100,000, and the Earl of Sligo with 50,000 acres, may be regarded as the officers of that great army of exterminating landlords who banish the Irish people from their native country. They may not exterminate themselves, but they are not the less the fons et origo of extermination. The French knowing this, exterminated their aristocracy, and every honest revolution must imitate that of France. We must do the same. But you asked me, How are we to get them down by the pens of their Voltaires, and then slay them by the hands of their Sans-culottes? We can do as much. Revolution-as it is understood on the Continent-as it is understood in every country where men are sane-has no other object but the subversion of aristocracy. It is nonsense to assert that many of the titled class may be excellent men, and should be received by the people as useful recruits of the popular cause. My reply is, Timeo Danaos et dona ferentes. I even fear The O'Donoghue, believing him to be a tool of the aristocracy. The Irish aristocracy must be pounded down by the Liberal press, and slain afterwards by the hands of an aroused and infuriated people. This is the only way to liberate Ireland. Everything else is nonsense." The principal witness against the Dublin Fenians was an informer, named Nagle, who spoke to the circulation of treasonable documents, the collection of money, and secret drilling.

Numerous Fenian arrests this month, and seizure of arms and ammunition.

October 1.-The Morning Star publishes a pretended list of Confederate bondholders, which leads to explicit denial of the imputation being made by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, Mr. Delane of the Times, and others.

4. Royal Commission appointed to inquire into the cattle-plague. They presented their first report on November 13, and ten days thereafter an Order in Council consolidating all previous Orders was issued.

5.-The Emperor of Mexico issues a proclamation denying to the Republican troops the rights of belligerents, and ordering their execution, wherever found, within twenty-four

hours after capture. The American Senate and House of Representatives thereupon resolved, "(1) That we contemplate the present condition of affairs in the Republic of Mexico with the most profound solicitude; (2) that the attempt to subject one of the Republican governments of this continent by a foreign Power, and to establish on its ruins a monarchy sustained solely by European bayonets, is opposed to the declared policy of the United States Government, offensive to our people, and contrary to the spirit of our institutions.

5.-John Hunter, a sculptor's assistant, residing at the Grange, near Edinburgh, murders his mother and sister, by beating them with a an iron rod while labouring under a fit of mental derangement.

6.-Died, aged 91, Dr. Chas. Richardson, author of a "New Dictionary of the English Language."

7.-Outbreak of negroes in Jamaica. About 150 men, armed with sticks, came this day (Saturday) to Morant Bay with the avowed purpose of rescuing a person who was to be tried there for some trifling offence. The apprehension of one of their number for disorderly conduct in the Court House led to great fighting and confusion, and compelled the Custos of the district, Baron von Ketelholdt, to issue warrants for the apprehension of twentyeight of the more prominent of the rioters. On endeavouring to take one Paul Bogle into custody, he was surrounded and protected by a large company of armed blacks, who seized the policemen and compelled them to take an oath that they would act against the Government. On the 11th an encounter took place in the square of the Court House, the rioters overpowering the few volunteers present, and setting fire to the building. They then commenced a wild murderous onslaught on the white people, killing and mutilating in the most shocking manner all whom they came across, and even extending the area of their excesses to the plantations bordering on Morant Bay. "Skin for skin," wrote Paul Bogle, "the iron bars is now broken in this parish, the white people send a proclamation to the Governor to make war against us, which we all must put our shoulders to the wheels and pull together. The Maroons sent the proclamation to meet them at Hayfield at once without delay, that they will put us in a way how to act. Every one of you must leave your house, take your guns; who don't have guns take your cutlasses down at once. Come over to Stony Gut, that we might march over to meet the Maroons at once without delay. Blow your shells! roll your drums; house to house take out every man; march them down to Stony Gut; any that you find take them in the way; take them down with their arms; war is at us, my black skins! war is at hand from to-day till to-morrow. Every black man must turn at once, for the oppression is too

great, the white people are now cleaning up they guns for us, which we must prepare to meet them too. Chear, men, chear, in heart we looking for you a part of the night or before daybreak. When the news reached Governor Eyre at Spanish Town, he caused a body of troops to be sent by sea to Morant Bay, and issued a proclamation declaring that martial law prevailed throughout the entire county of Surrey, except in the city of Kingston. He proceeded to Morant Bay himself in the Cornwall, and saw the commanding officers mete out summary justice to the persons concerned most prominently in the revolt. Short trials, followed in most instances by shooting or hanging, went on for many days in succession. Five tried on board the Wolverine were hanged on the stone archway of the burnt Court House, where the worst of the massacres had taken place. Throughout his tour, the Governor wrote, "I found everywhere the most unmistakeable evidence that George William Gordon, a coloured member of the House of Assembly, had not only been mixed up in the matter, but was himself, through his own misrepresentation and seditious language addressed to the ignorant black people, the chief cause and origin of the whole rebellion. Mr. Gordon was now in Kingston, and it became necessary to decide what action should be taken with regard to him. Having obtained a deposition on oath that certain seditious printed notices had been sent through the post office, directed in his handwriting, to the parties who had been leaders in the rebellion, I at once called upon the Custos to issue a warrant and capture him. For some little time he managed to evade capture, but finding that sooner or later it was inevitable, he proceeded to the house of General O'Connor and there gave himself up. I at once had him placed on board the Wolverine for safe custody and conveyance to Morant Bay." He was tried by court-martial there, and hanged on the morning of the 23d. "I have seen, writes Governor Eyre, " the proceedings of the court, and concur both in the justice of the sentence and the policy of carrying it out." Besides Gordon, the Governor wrote that the persons prominently concerned in the outbreak were black people of the Baptist persuasion connected with him, political demagogues and agitators, a few Baptist missionaries, and a portion of the press. Humanly speaking, he said he believed that the promptitude and vigour of action which had at once grappled with and punished the rebellion, had been the saving of Jamaica. Although the steps taken by Governor Eyre met with the entire approval of the Legislative Council and House of Assembly, it was thought by many persons in this country that he had shown undue haste and severity in his treatment of the rebels, and Government resolved to suspend him, at least till inquiry could be made into the extent and character of the outbreak. Sir Henry Storks was sent out as temporary Governor, and a

Royal Commission of Inquiry was issued at the close of the year.

11.-Publication in the Gazette of the neutrality correspondence between Earl Russell and Mr. Adams, the American Minister. As comprehending the whole duty of this country the former submitted:--"Her Majesty's Government are ready to consent to the appointment of a Commission to which shall be referred all claims arising out of the late civil war which the two Powers shall agree to refer to the Commissioners."

12.-Died, aged 50, W. Vincent Wallace, Esq., composer of 'Maritana and other

operas.

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16. Great Fenian Congress at Philadelphia, continuing over several days. There were 600 delegates present, presided over by "Head Centre" Colonel J. O. Mahoney of the 99th New York Militia.

17.-Illness of Lord Palmerston. The following bulletin was issued at 5 P.M. :"In consequence of having taken cold, Lord Palmerston has been seriously ill, but he has steadily improved during the last three days, and is now much better." At 9 A. M. next morning : :- "Lord Palmerston's condition altered suddenly for the worse in the evening of yesterday, and he is now gradually sinking.

18. Died at Brockett Hall, Henry John Temple, third and last Viscount Palmerston, K.G., Prime Minister of England. He was within two days of completing his eightyfirst year, and had sat in the House since 1806, when he entered it as member for Horsham. He was buried with public honours in Westminster Abbey on the 27th. The death of the Premier caused a fall of 4 per cent. in Consols.

23.-H.M.S. Bulldog grounded in the harbour of Cape Haytien, whither she had been sent in vindication of certain outrages perpetrated on the British flag. She was subsequently blown up to prevent her falling into the hands of the enemy. A court-martial found that negligence had been shown by Captain Wake and Mr. Behena. Both were reprimanded, and the former was dismissed the ship. 25.-Writing from Morant Bay, Lieutenant Adcock reports to Brigadier-General Nelson the result of his pursuit of the rebel blacks. "I have the honour to inform you that on the morning of the 23d instant I started with thirty men for Duckinfield, and visited several estates and villages. I burnt seven houses in all, but did not even see a rebel. turning to Golden Grove in the evening, sixtyseven prisoners had been sent in by the Maroons. I disposed of as many as possible, but was too tired to continue after dark. the morning of the 24th I started for Morant Bay, having first flogged four and hung six rebels. I beg to state that I did not meet a single man upon the road up to Keith Hall; there were a few prisoners here, all of whom I flogged, and then proceeded to John's-town and Beckford. At the latter place I burned

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seven houses and one meeting-house; in the former four houses. We came so suddenly upon these two villages that the rebels had no time to retire with their plunder; nearly 300 rushed down into a gully, but I could not get a single shot, the bushes being so thick. could all distinctly hear their voices in the wood all round, but after the first rush not a man was to be seen, and to follow them with any advantage was impossible." Captain Ford writes on the same subject :-" We made a raid with thirty men, flogging nine men and burning their negro houses. We held a court-martial on the prisoners, who amounted to about fifty or sixty. Several were flogged without courtmartial, from a simple examination. . . . This is a picture of martial law. The soldiers enjoy it-the inhabitants here dread it. If they run on their approach they are shot for running away."

28. The cattle attacked with rinderpest during the past week, so far as came under the notice of the Inspectors, were 1,873. Since the outbreak the total number reported to be attacked were 17,673; killed, 6,866; died, 7,912; under treatment, 2,047; recovered, 848.

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31.-Explosion of a gasometer in the works of the London Gas Company, Nine Elms. large building called the meter-house was completely destroyed and ten of the workmen killed. Those who saw the explosion described it as one vast upheaving of flame, shooting high in the air with a burst which shook everything around. People nearly a mile off were thrown violently down, and persons who lived in houses adjacent were severely scorched. The flames mounted so high that even though it was the middle of the day, they guided the firemen to the scene from long distances.

- The Commission appointed to investigate the origin, nature, and extent of the disease prevailing among cattle, make their first report. Appended to the document was a series of practical suggestions drawn up by three members of the Commission who were professionally qualified to deal with sanitary subjects, and which it was thought might be useful at this time to owners of cattle. A majority only of the Commissioners assented to the following paragraph :-"Against a disease which is highly contagious, undiscoverable at a certain stage, and too widely diffused for an army of inspectors to cope with it, there is clearly but one remedy which would be certainly and absolutely effectual. That remedy is to prohibit everywhere, for a limited time, any movement of cattle from one place to another. Enforce this, and within a time which cannot last very long the disease is at an end. It must stand still and it must starve for want of nutriment. This great sacrifice would certainly eradicate the evil; we cannot say so of any sacrifice less than this."

November 1.-Mr. Gladstone visits Glasgow, and is presented with the freedom of the city. In his reply, he made a touching allu

sion to the heavy losses which the country had recently sustained in the ranks of official life. "It has been my lot to follow to the grave several of those distinguished men who have been called away from the scene of their honourable labours-not, indeed, before they had acquired the esteem and confidence of the country, but still at a period when the minds and expectations of their fellow-countrymen were fondly fixed upon the thought of what they might yet achieve for the public good. Two of your own countrymen-Lord Elgin and Lord Dalhousie-Lord Canning, Lord Herbert, Sir George Cornewall Lewis, and the Duke of Newcastle, by some singular dispensation of Providence, have been swept away in the full maturity of their faculties and in the early stages of middle life-a body of men strong enough of themselves in all the gifts of wisdom and of knowledge, of experience and of eloquence, to have equipped a Cabinet for the service of the country. And therefore, my Lord, when I look back upon the years that have passed, though they have been joyful years in many respects, because they have been years in which the Parliament of this country has earned fresh and numerous titles to the augmented confidence of its citizens, they are also mournful in that I seem to see the long procession of the figures of the dead, and I feel that those who are left behind are, in one sense, solitary upon the stage of public life." (Cheers.) The Chancellor of the Exchequer visited Edinburgh on the 3d, and delivered to the students his valedictory address as Rector of the University, the subject selected for illustration being "The Place of Ancient Greece in the providential Order of the World."

1.-Died at Acton-green, aged 66, John Lindley, F.R.S., an eminent botanist and landscape-gardener.

4. Dr. Beke leaves London on a mission to Abyssinia, in connexion with the Abyssinian Captives' Liberation Fund.

5. The Master of the Rolls gives judg ment in a case which had come before the Court in various forms as to a bequest of a sum of about 60,000/. in the will of the late Lord Henry Seymour. The will was made in France, and written in the French language; the passage causing the controversy being--"Aux Hospices de Paris et de Londres. The question the English courts had to determine was, what institutions were included under the word "hospices." After examining a number of French definitions of the word, his Honour held that such a word, and the gift covered by it, did not include "hospitals" as generally understood in this country, but must be confined to such institutions as gratuitously received within their walls and permanently provided for persons incapacitated from taking care of themselves, either from old age combined with poverty, or neglected infancy, or mental incapacity, or from bodily ailments not sus

6. The Confederate cruiser, Shenandoah, arrives in the Mersey and is deserted by her officers and crew. According to the statement of Captain Waddell, she disarmed and started for England as soon as authentic intelligence was obtained of the close of the war. The vessel was delivered over to the Consul of the United States on the 9th.

The Gazette announces the accession of Earl Russell to the office of First Lord of the Treasury, vacant by the death of Lord Palmerston. The Earl of Clarendon succeeded to the Foreign Office. In the other offices there was no change from the Palmerston Cabinet.

11. Mr. Carlyle elected Rector of Edinburgh University by a majority of 657 to 310 over Mr. Disraeli.

- James Stephens, the Fenian head centre, captured and lodged in Richmond Bridewell, Dublin.

15.-Conference between prelates of the Anglican and Greek Churches to promote harmonious intercourse.

Disorderly proceedings in Highgate Cemetery, on the occasion of the funeral of Tom Sayers, the pugilist, which was attended from his residence in Camden Town, by a long procession of costermongers, dog-fanciers, professional fighters, and thieves. They overpowered the police at the cemetery gates, took forcible possession of the ground, and kept up a scene of fighting and disorder, which, it was feared, might end in some cases fatally.

16. Meeting of Oxford University in the hall of Oriel College, to consider the question of the extension of the University, with a view especially of the education of persons needing assistance, and desirous of admission to the Christian ministry. After some discussion, it was resolved that each college and hall should name one member to make up a committee to consider what steps should be taken with a view to the extension of the University.

24.-Through the connivance of a warder, the Fenian head centre, James Stephens, escapes from Richmond Prison, Dublin. A reward of 1,000l. was offered for his apprehension.

Came on for hearing in the Divorce Court, the case of Broadwood v. Broadwood and the Duke of St. Albans, a suit instituted by the petitioner for the purpose of obtaining a divorce from the respondent on the ground of adultery with the co-respondent and others,

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known as "the Colonel" and "O." The respondent, in her pleas, denied the adultery, and charged the petitioner with condueing thereto by his own cruelty, neglect, and adultery with a Mrs. Plunkett, with whom he was at present living. Before her marriage, the respondent appeared to have introduced herself to the young Duke of St. Albans as a fast and very loose young female, up to every vice under the sun, except humbug, and well worthy of your notice." The jury found that the respondent had been guilty of adultery with the co-respondent and others, and that Broadwood himself had been guilty of adultery. The Judge dismissed the petition with costs as against Mrs. Broadwood, but made no order as against the Duke of St. Albans.

27. Came on in the Court of Queen's Bench the case of the Queen v. Cobbett, the defendant being charged under fifty-five counts with engaging subjects to serve in arms against a foreign Power not at war with England. He was captain of the Sea King, which left London ostensibly for Bombay, but put into Madeira, where she was boarded by Confederate officers, and equipped as a cruiser, under the name of the Shenandoah. On the main question, whether the defendant induced any person to enlist in a foreign service, or prevailed upon any of his crew to remain after the vessel was sold, the jury returned a verdict of Not guilty.

30.-Fenian trials commenced at Dublin, before the Special Commission. Thomas Clarke Luby, of the Irish People, was first placed at the bar on the restricted charge of treasonfelony. The informer, Nagle, said that at certain meetings in the People office, drillforms were produced. "There was a blank space in which the name of the captain, or B, was entered; the squares then showed how the captain, the sergeant, or C, and the rank and file, or D, were armed; also the strength of the company.

A V signified a man armed with a rifle; the inverted V signified a man armed with a gun or pistol. A stroke signified that the man was armed with a pike. A circle signified a man not armed at all. I learned from Mulchay that the object of the society was to overthrow the Queen's Government in Ireland, and when that was done the Republic was to be established." Mr. Best addressed the Court for the prisoners, but called no witnesses. The jury returned a verdict of Guilty, and Luby was sentenced to twenty years' penal servitude. John O'Leary was sentenced to penal servitude for a similar term. O'Donovan (Rosa) was sentenced to penal servitude for life.

An important question in the law of international copyright heard before the Lords Justices, in the form of an appeal from a judgment pronounced by Vice-Chancellor Kindersley. The plaintiffs, Messrs. Sampson Low and Co., publishers, instituted the suit to restrain Messrs. Routledge and Co., publishers, from printing, publishing, or selling

the work by Miss S. Cummins, entitled "Haunted Hearts," which was published by Messrs. Low and Co. in May 1864. Miss Cummins, a native of the United States, resided at Montreal at the time of the assignment of the copyright to the plaintiffs, and also at the time of their entry of the assignment at Stationers' Hall, and they submitted that, though she was an alien and a native of a country between which and the United Kingdom no international law of copyright subsists, her residence within British dominions at those periods, and the publication of her work for the first time in England, were sufficient to meet the objection of the defendants, that being a native of the United States she could neither possess nor assign copyright in her work. The Vice-Chancellor decided in favour of the plaintiffs: hence this appeal by the defendants. Lord Justice Turner gave judgment at considerable length, remarking, in conclusion, that the question in this case was not what were the rights of the authoress in Canada, but what were her rights in this country, and the law of the country left no doubt upon that question. The 25th section of the Act under consideration enacted that all copyright should be deemed to be personal property, and it was decided that an alien might by common law acquire within this realm, by gift or other lawful means, personal property, and might maintain an action in respect of it. There

fore he agreed with the Vice-Chancellor, and the appeal must be dismissed. Lord Justice Knight Bruce was of the same opinion. The appeal was accordingly dismissed, with costs.

December 4.-In the annual Message to Congress, President Johnson makes allusion to the differences with Great Britain, arising from the damage committed upon American commerce by Confederate cruisers-"The formal accordance of belligerent rights to the insurgent States was unprecedented, and has not been justified by the issue. . . . The sincere desire for peace by which I am animated led me to approve the proposal already made to submit the questions which had thus arisen between the countries to arbitration. These questions are of such moment that they must have commanded the attention of the great Powers, and are so interwoven with the peace and interests of every one of them as to have insured an impartial decision. I regret to in form you that Great Britain declined the arbitrament, but, on the other hand, invited us to the formation of a joint commission to settle mutual claims between the two countries, from which those for the depredations before mentioned should be excluded. The proposition, in that very unsatisfactory form, has been declined."