Political. [The following Convention was omitted last week for want of room.] CONVENTION, BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE FRENCH REPUBLIC. The Prefident of the United States of America, and the firft Conful of the French Republic, in the name of the French people having by a treaty of this date terminated all difficulties relative to Louisiana, and established on a folid foundation the friendship which unites the two nations, and being defirous, in compliance with the second and fitth articles of the convention of the 8th Vendemaire, ninth year of the French Republic (30th Sept. 1800) to fecure the payment of the fums due by France to the citizens of the United States have refpectively nominated as plenipotentiaries, that is to say the Prefident of the U. States of America, by and with the advice and confent of their Senate, Robert R. Livingston, minilter plenipotentiary, and James Monroe, minifter plenipotentiary and envoy extraordinary of the faid flates, near the government of the French Republic; and the First Conful, in the name of the French people, the citizen Francis Barbe Marbois, minifter of the public treafury who, after having exchanged their full powers, have agreed to the following articles. Article I. The debts due by France to the citizens of the United States, contracted before the 8th of Vendemaire, ninth year of the French Republic (30th Sept. 1800) fhall be paid according to the fol lowing regulations, with intereft at fix per cent. to commence from the period when the accounts and vouchers were prefented to the French government. Article II. The debts provided for by the preceding articles are thofe whofe refult is comprifed in the conje&tural note annexed to the prefent convention, and which, with the intereft, cannot exceed the fum of twenty million of Francs. The claims comprifed in the faid note which fall within the exceptions of the following articles, fhall not be admitted to the benefit of this provifion. Article III. The principal and intereft of the faid debts fhall be discharged by the United States, by orders drawn by their minifter plenipotentiary on their treafury thefe orders fhall be payable ixty days after the exchange of ratifications of the treaty and the conventions fined this day, and after poffeffion fhall be given of Louisiana by the commiffaries of France to those of the United States. Article IV. It is exprefsly agreed, that the preceeding articles fhall comprehend no debts but fuch as are due to citizens of the United States, who have been and are yet creditors of France, for fupplies for embargoes and prizes made at fea, in which the appeal has been properly lodg. ed within the time mentioned in the faid convention, 8th Vendemaire ninth year (30th September, 1800.) Article V. The preceeding articles fhall apply only, firft, to captures of which the council of prizes fhall have ordered reftitution, it being well underflood that the claimant cannot have recouse to the United States otherwife than he might have had to the government of the French Republic, and only in cafe of infufficiency of the captors; 2d, the debts mentioned in the faid fifth article of the convention contracted before the 8th Vendemaire, an. 9. (30th September, 1800) the payment of which has been heretofore claimed of the actual government of France, and for which the creditors have a right to the protection of the United States; the faid 5th article does not com prehend prizes whofe condemnation has been or fhall be confirmed; it is the exprefs intention of the contracting parties not to extend the benefit of the prefent convention to reclamations of American citizens, who fhall have established houses of commerce in France, England or other countries than the United States, in partnership with foreigners, and who by that reafon and the nature of their commerce ought to be regarded as domiciliated in the places where fuch houfes exift. All agreements and bargains concerning merchandize which fhall not be the property of American citizens, are equally excep ted from the benefit of the faid covention, faving, however, to fuch perfons their claims in like manner as it this treaty had not been made. Article VI. And that the different queftions which may arife under the preceeding article may be fairly invefligated, the minifters plenipotentiary of the United States fhall name three perfons, who fhall act from the prefent and provifionally, and who fhall have full power to examine, without removing the documents, all, the accounts, of the different claims, already liquidated by the bureaus eftablished for this purpose by the French Republic, and to ascertain whether they belong to the claffes defignated by the prefent convention and the principles eftablished in it, or if they are not in one of its exceptions and on their certificate, declaring that the debt is due to an American citizen, or his reprefentative, and that it exifted before the 8th Vendemaire, 9th year (30th Septem8th Vendemaire, 9th year (30th Septem | ber, 1800) the debtor fhall be entitled to an order on the treafury of the United States in the manner prefcribed by the third article. Article VII. The fame agents fhall likewife have power, without removing the documents, to examine the claims which are prepared for verification, and to certify thofe which ought to be admitted by | uniting the neceffary qualifications, and not being comprifed in the exceptions contained in the prefent convention. Article VIII. The fame agent fhall like. wife examine the claims which are not prepared for liquidation, and certify in writing thofe which in their judgment ought to be admitted to liquidation. Article IX. In proportion as the debts mentioned in thefe articles fhall be admit. ted, they fhall be discharged with intereft at fix per cent. by the treafury of the U. nited States. Article X. And that no debt which fhall not have the qualifications above mentioned, and that no unjust and exorbi tant demand may be admitted, the commercial agent of the United States at Par is, or fuch other agent as the minifter plenipotentiary of the United States fhall think proper to nominate, fhall aflit at the operations of the bureaus, and co-operate in the examinations of the claims; and if this agent fhall be of opinion that any debt is not completely proved, or i e fhall judge that it is not comprifed in the principles of the fifth article above mentioned, and if not with ftanding his o pinion, the bureaus eftablished by the French Government fhould think that it ought to be liquidated, he fhall tranfmit his obfervations to the board established by the United States, who, without remov ing documents, fhall make a complete ex amination of the debt and vouchers which fupport it, and report the refult to the minifter of the United States. The minifter of the United States fhall tranfmit his obfervations, in all fuch cafes, to the minifter of the treafury of the French Republic, on whofe report the French government fhall decide definitively in every cafe. The rejection of any claim fhall have no other effect than to exempt the United States from the payment of it, the French government referving to itfell the right to decide definitively on fuch claim fo far as it concerns itself. Article XI. Every neceffary decifion fhall be made in the courfe of a year, to commence from the exchange of ratifica tions, and no reclamations fhall be admit ted afterwards. Article XII. In cafe of claims for debts contracted by the government of France with citizens of the United States fince the 8th Vendemiare, ninth year, (30th September, 1800) not being comprited in this convention, may be purfued, and the Article XIII. The prefent convention fhall be ratified in good and due form, and the ratifications fhall be exchanged in fix months from the date of the fignatures of the minifters plenipotentiary, or fooner if poffible. IN FAITH OF WHICH, the refpective Minifters Plenipotentiaries have fign. ed the above articles both in the French and English languages, declaring nevertheless that the prefent treaty has been originally agreed on and written in the French language; to which they have hereunto affixed their feals. DONE at Paris, the tenth of Floreal, eleventh year of the French Republic, 30th April, 1803. BARBE MARBOIS.. ROB. R. LIVINGSTON. FROM THE EVENING POST. We were informed a few days fince that the Marquis de Cafa Yrujo had depofited in the office of ftate a formal proteft againft the Treaty of Louifiana, warning the United States against accepting the furrender of that territory from the French. At that time we had published an extract of a letter from Cadiz, ftating that a sudden change in politics had arifen, in confequence of the conduct of Bonaparte, towards Spain, in the fale of Louisiana to the United States, and that she had remonftrated to the First Conful upon this head with a vigor and energy that was not to be expected from a government generally fuppofed to be fubfervient to the will of France. A few days after, we faw it rid. iculed and contradicted by the editor of the Aurora, as not having the leaft foundation in truth. Now this fame fellow is the first to come forward and confirm what but a few days before he had over and over given the lie to. Read the following: FROM THE AURORA. LOUISIANA. Oppofition on the part of Spain to the rat- not hesitate to exprefs our doubts of their the United States, against the ratification of the treaty with France, by which we were to become poffeffed of Louifiana." The only reafon affigned by the Spanish minifler for this flep, fo far as we are adviled, was-that the principal condition of the treaty of St. Ildephonio, on which Spain ceded Louifiana, &c. to France, had not been complied with by the latter power. In expreffing thefe doubts it will be recollected, we stated our reafons for withholding our own affent and for cautioning others not to make up their minds on the fubject; and we believe, that with the knowledge then poffeffed there were few who did not confider the idea of oppofition by Spain to our acquiring Louifiana as ridiculous in the extreme. Our rictures were offered folely on a difpaffionate view of former and prefent circumftances: information from the feat of government Such, we are informed, is the fubftance could alone determine the juftice of them, of the remonftrance to our governmentand having received that information we and as fuch we must pronounce it a very haften to lay it before our readers, as well frivolous pretext for preventing the accomfor a correction of the opinions we hazard-plifhment of a meafure in which Spain ed as to prevent the affair being reprefented in a more alarming light than facts war rant. There have been many rumours in cir. 1t. That the treaty between France and 2d. That the Spanith king's order for de- We conceived it ridiculous to fuppofe territory bonafide her own property. Not- ever. We regret that we have not yet received details of the proceedings at Washington, the facts, however, we are poffeffed of, we beleieve to comprize the principal points of intereft to the reader. They are :.... That condition was, that France fhould procure the King of Euria to be recog nized as fuch by all the powers of Europe. had no voice, nor any right to interfere. The grievance complained of had arifen out of unforfeen events in Europe-the war between France and England was an effectual bar to the recognition of the King of Etruria by the latter, but that the United States fhould fuffer on that account would indeed be a phenomenon in politics which no man would be inclined to witnefs who has a refpe&t for our dignity and flanding as an independent nation. We are further informed, that the remonftrance from the Spanish minifter had been tranfmitted by the Prefident to the Senate fome time previous to the ratification of the treaty with France: it appears to have had no weight with that body, in preventing the ratification of the treaty, nor can it be confidered by any one as meriting any more than ordinary notice. Very few live according to their own choice: al. The minifter of the king of Spain deliv-most every one is placed in his present condition, ered a remonftrance to the government of || by causes beyond his foresight and controul. Agricultural. EXTRACT. LETTER fared hardly; but you are generally dref. fed with elegance, and have not only the conveniences, but many of the delicacies of life. They were compaffed with a wildernefs, with wild beafts and favage men. perfons engaged to take the foundings of the feveral waters, and to run the lines and levels across, have already nearly completed the uppermont line of the route, extending from Frenchtown upon Elk River, to Chriftiana creek and New Calle, fo that a choice of excellent fituations prefent themfelves: the highest ground on this route is afcertained to be 78 feet above the level of the tide, at about which height the fummit level of the canal may be run for fome diftance across the middle ground to defcend by locks at each and an ample fupply of water may be had for this purpofe at a fufficient elevation and near to the Canal, from the waters of Chriftiana or White Clay Creek, or Elk River, and the Canal itfelt be cut without obftructions publifh-trom ftone, deep digging, or any expening their children, not only on account of five work; the whole distance will not be more than about 13 miles. ON THE CULTURE OF TARTARY OATS. Addreffed to the Secretary of the Agricul- 66 HAVIN AVING had repeated affurances and leveral proofs of the advantageous culture of Tartary oats, I have made trial of one acre. I fowed laft spring five and a half, and I have reaped fixty five meafured bufhels. The land was in very bad order: and I could not drefs it as it ought to have been done, as I was juft come to the farm, and could procure but very little dung. I confider oat ftraw a great advantage, because cattle are very fond of it, and often prefer it to hay. The talk of thefe oats is very tall, and of fubftance enough to fupport a heavy top, many of which I have counted, and on one talk have had 146 kernels. The ufual quantity of oats railed in thefe parts on one acre, is from twenty-five to thirty bufhels. I fowed five bushels and a half; but four are quite fufficient. If you will pleafe to lay this before the Society, 1, fhall eftcem it a favour. They will judge of the propriety of recommending this fort of oats or not. I am, very respectfully, Your moft humble fervant, WILLIAM ERVING, Esq. Improvements. EXTRACT. CHESAPEAK AND DELAWARE CANAL. PREPARATIONS continue to be made for the commencement of a canal from the Chefapeak to the Delaware. The NEW PATENTS. JOHN BAPTIST AVEILHE, of Charlef ton S. C. has obtained a patent for a machine for boring holes in rocks under water, to the depth of 10 or more feet, or in any other fituation, and blowing and completely removing them. "With the lamore bour of two men it will execute more in one day than 50 men without it. The men are not compelled to go into the water, and therefore it can be used in winter as well as fummer." The above perfon has alfo invented a Horizontal Windmill, adapted to the grinding of grain, &c. &c. But you dwell amidst cultivated and plea fant fields, orchards and gardens, and have nothing to fear from either. In their times the ways were unoccupied. A folitary path, through a dreary fwamp or wood, led to their humble cottages. But your roads are broad and fmooth, and your houfes large and elegant. They had every thing to do, but their means were small. You have houfes builded, wells digged, gardens planted, orchards and trees of va rious fruits prepared to your hands. They were under great difadvantages for school. their low circumstances, but of their dif tance from each other, and of the danger of children's travelling fo far through groves and fwamps; but you have diftinguishing advantages to get wifdom your. felves and to fchool your children. Your advantages, in thefe refpects, are much greater now than they were at the time of my fettlement with you. There was then but one school houfe within the limits of the parish. Now you have eight fchool. diftricts, and the fame number of school. houfes, generally commodious and well built." Miscellany. FOR THE BALANCE. REFLECTIONS, FROM A DISTANT SUBSCRIBER. MANY ANY and various are the du ties incumbent on females-each day brings with it new fcenes, and of confe quence new opportunities of doing good. Shall woman, because he has a more fleader frame, lefs bodily ftrength, and nerves of a more delicate texture than the oppo fite fex, conclude to fet herfell down a ufelefs member of fociety? No.-Rather let thefe confiderations ftimulate her to augment her value, by adding to the pow ers of her mind. What has the to fear, who has ever maintained an unblemished character ?-Confcious of her own inno cence and integrity, the may proceed with undaunted steps, in the paths of piety and rectitude. Let her not fail to fuftain the feeble minded, and the tender hearted; recall the wandering, and confirm the wa vering. Let her not be afhamed to encour. age virtue, nor afraid, with decent and becoming boldnefs, to look vice out of |mations, and manifeftoes, and refolutions, A retrofpective confideration of the con- vent it. For we fhall fee that the Revolu THE most majestic fpectacle which the human eye can dwell upon, and the moft interefting to a well conftituted heart, is a great man ftanding with in flexible fortitude under a heavy load of calamity. As fpecimens of true beroifm, the military feats of ALEXANDER or CESAR fade in comparifon with the dying orionifts, from firft to laft, were fo perfuadSOCRATES OF LUCAN.-The atchievments of the Duke of MARLBOROUGH, glorious as they were, less excite the admiration of a difcerning mind than the playful fortitude of Sir THOMAS MORE upon the fcaffold. And, exclufive of all his detef table qualities, how contemptible does the ufurper BONAPARTE appear, when compared with LOUIS 18th. The one with the ftolen power of an empire, trembling like a thief, with apprehenfion for the ultimate confequences of his ufurpation, and influenced by "the cruel policy of fear," committing every madnefs and every crime-the other, deferted and defenceless, bereft of power, ftripped of all but his honor, fpurning him with dignified difdain, fcorning his proffers and his power, and looking down upon him As some tall cliff, whose high exalted head Casts a black shade upon the waves below And frowns upon the surge that works its ruin. "One is interefted (fays an admired writer) that beings made for foffering fhould fuffer well"-There are few who do not feel this-few that will not own that the dignity of human nature has left nothing, but acquired much by the fortitude of the Houfe of CAPET, under its unparalleled fufferings. The proposals of BONAPARTE to LOUIS the 18th, and the answers to it, which have given rife to what we have said above, may be confidered as one of the one of the most important, inftructive and interesting tranfactions, which the hiftory of the world affords. Never did the doctrine of infurrection, rebellion, revolution, rights of man, king-cafhiering, and king kil ling, get fuch a thunder ftroke. Behold! All the declarations, and procla ed of the firft point, that they left nothing this fhewed that they were convinced, it began and end in monarchy. And it will also establifh the point that no human ingenuity or devices can prevent it; for every thing which human cunning uncontroled by confcience could do, they did to prevent it. -- See then what it has come to with the people of France. The whole of that immenfe and glorious country contains near thirty millions of people, people too in general of a goodly nature,-borne away as before a mountain torrent by an execra ble faction, have feen their fovereign, one of the belt that ever reigned in any country, with his queen and eldest son, murdered, and his whole family driven into exile to make way for what? Why another monarch! Let Venice, Pavia, Befanco, Jaffa, the burning fands of Egypt, and his military hofpital there; let the fuppreffion of civil liberty and the freedom of the prefs; the prodigal wafte of the public money on a family of preflitutes, rogues, and cut-throats-let thofe tell what fort. But let us, good readers, let us be fuppofed, like Hamlet, to be holding up two piftures to the confcience fmitten French, and fhewing them the difference between what they have deftroyed, and what they have erected to deftroy themselves in reBetween the Bourbons, and "This vice of Kings "This cut-purse of the Empire and the rule, [TO BE CONCLUDED] Congress of the Union. LOUISIANA. In the Senate, on the 22d O&. agreeably to notice given by Mr. Breckenridge on the preceding day, he had leave to bring in a bill, "To enable the President of the U. S. to take poffeffion of the territories ceded by France to the U. S. by the treaty concluded at Paris, on the 30th day of April laf." The bill is in the following words, and was ordered to pals to the fecond reading : "Be it enacted by the Senate and house of reprefentatives of the United States of America, in Congrefs affembled, That the Prefident of the United States be, and he is hereby authorized to take poffeffion of, and occupy the territories ceded by France to the United States by the treaty concluded at Paris on the 30th day of April laft, between the two nations; and that they may for that purpose, and in order to maintain in the faid territories the authority of the United States, employ any part of the ar my and navy of the United States, and of the force authorized by an aft paffed the ad day of March laff, entitled "An act directing a detachment from the militia of the United States, and for erecting certain arfenals," which he may deem neceffary: And fo much of the fum appropriated by the faid act, as may be neceflary, is hereby appropriated for the purpose of carrying this act into effect; to be applied under the direction of the Prefident of the United States. Se&t. 2. And be it further enacted, That until Congrefs fhall have made provifion for the temporary government of the faid territories, all the military, civil and judicial powers exercifed by the officers of the exifting government of the fame, fhall be vefled in fuch perfon or perfons, and fhali be exercised by and in fuch manner as the Prefident of the United States fhall diie&." In the Houfe of Reprefentatives, on the 24th Oct. the following refolution was moved by Mr. R. Grilwold, and loft, after confiderable debate-Yeas 57, Nays, 59. Refolved, that the Prefident of the U. nited States be requested to cause to be laid before this Houfe, a copy of the treaty between the French republic and Spain, of the first of October 1800, together with a copy of the deed of ceffion from Spain executed in pursuance of the fame treaty conveying Louisiana to France, (if any fuch deed exifts;) alfo copies of fuch corref pondence between the government of the United States and the government or minifter ot Spain (if any fuch correfpondence has taken place) as will fhow the affent or diffent of Spain to the purchase of Louisiana by the United States,-together with copies of fuch other documents as may be in the department of ftate, or any other department of this government tending to afcertain whether the United States have, in fact, acquired any title to the province of Louifiana by the treaty with France, of the 30th of April, 1803. On the 25th the house went into committee of the whole, on the meffage of the prefident communicating the Louisiana Treaty Mr. Dawfon in the chair. Mr. Randolph moved in addition to the propofition, before fubmitted by him, declaring it expedient to pafs the neceffary laws for carrying the treaty into operation, two additional propofitions, the one for referring to a fele&t Committee fo much of the Meffage as relates to the eltablishment. of a provifional government over Louifiana, and the other for referring to the Com mittee of Ways and Means fo much of the whether you will not forthwith make fuch On agreeing to the first propofition of Thefe were the principal grounds of ob- On the firft refolution, being a declaration that it was expedient to pass the neceffary laws to carry the Treaty into operation, the yeas and nays were required, and were Yeas go-Nays 25. The question was then put on the two other refolutions; as above ftated, and carried without a divifion. In the House of Reprefentatives, on the 22nd. Of. the following meffage was received from the president : 66 In my communication to you, of the 17th inftant, I informed you that Conventions had been entered into, with the government of France, for the ceffion of Lou. ifiana to the United States. Thefe, with the advice and confent of the Senate, having now been ratified and my ratification exchanged for that of the First Conful of France in due form, they are communicated to you for confideration in your legiílative capacity. You will obferve that fome important conditions cannot be carried into execution, but with the aid of the legiflature; and that time preffes a decifion on them without delay. "October 21st, 1803.' The meffage, together with a refolution "That provifion ought to be made for carrying into effect the Treaty," &c. were refered to a committee of the whole for he enfuing Monday. CONSTITUTION-MENDING. In the House of Reprefentatives, on the 20th Oct. the propofitions amendatory of the conftitution of the U. S. were referred to a committee of feventeen, compofed of one member from each state. Same day, on motion of Mr. Hager, a propofition for adding the following clause to the conftitution of the U. S. was referred to the above committee. "That the ftate legiflatures fhall, from time to time, divide each state into dif tricts, equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives from such state in the Congrefs of the United States; and fhall direct the mode of choofing an elector of Prefident and Vice-Prefident in each of the faid diftri&ts, who fhall be chofen by citizens having the qualifications requifite for electors of the most numerous branch of the ftate legiflature, and that the districts fo to be constituted, fhall confist, as nearly as may be, of contiguous territory and of equal proportion of population, except where there may be detached portion of territory, not of itfelf fufficient to form át diftrict, which then fhall be annexed t) fome other portion nearest thereto; which diftrict, when fo divided, fhall remain un altered until a new cenfus of the United States fhall be taken." IMPEACHMENT. A committee was appointed to prepare articles of impeachment against John Pickering, judge of the diftrict court of NewHampshire, for high crimes and milde. meanors. Be it our weekly task, "The ulterior provifions alfo fuggefted in the fame communication, for the occupation and government of the country, will call for early attention. Such information, relative to it's government, as time and distance have permitted me to obtain, At a fynod of the Clergy and deputy will be ready to be laid before you within will be ready to be laid before you within laymen of the evangelical Lutheran Church a few days. But as permanent arrange- of the state of New-York, holden at Wirments for this object may require time and temberg, in the town of Rhinebeck, coundeliberation, it is for your confiderationty of Dutchefs, on the 9th and following |