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His sword-knot this, his cravat that designed;
And this the yard-long snake that twirls behind
From one the sacred periwig he gained,
Which wind ne'er blew, nor touch of hat pro-
faned.

Another's diving bow he did adore,

Which with a shog casts all the hair before,
Till he, with full decorum, brings it back,
And rises with a water-spaniel shake."

As we cannot quote the wood-cuts, which we
should greatly like to do, we must be satisfied
with some agreeable notes from the text.
It may
be worth mentioning that the Bulwer so often
quoted in them (a writer of decided wit and humor-
ous sarcasm) was of the same family with that
modern inheritor of the name, who has made it
world-famous.

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When Tarlton clowned it in a pleasant vaine,
And with conceits did good opinions gaine
Upon the stage, his merry humor's shop,
Clownes knew the clowne by his great clownish
slop.

But now th' are gulled; for present fashion sayes
Dicke Tarlton's part gentlemen's breeches playes:
In every streete, where any gallant goes,
The swaggering slop is Tarlton's clownish hose.'

"These trunk-hose were stuffed with wool, and sometimes with bran. Bulwer, in the Artificial Changeling,' tells of a gallant in whose immense hose a small hole was torn by a nail of the chair he sat upon, so that, as he turned and bowed to pay his court to the ladies, the bran poured forth as from a mill that was grinding, without his perceiving it, till half the cargo was unladen on the floor

"Trunk-hose are ridiculed in the following passage of Wright's Passions of the Minde,' 1601 Sometimes I have seen Tarlton play the clown, and use no other breeches than such sloppes or slivings as now many gentlemen weare; they are almost capable of a bushel of wheate, and if they be of sackcloth, they would serve to carry mawlt to the mill. This absurd, clownish, and unseemly attire only by custome now is not misliked, but rather approved."

PATCHES.

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"The hair of the gentleman was dressed in an enormous toupee, with very large curls at the sides; while behind it was gathered and tied up into an enormous club, or knot, that rested on the back of the neck like a porter's knot; upon this an exceedingly small hat was worn, which was sometimes lifted from the head with the cane, generally very long, and decorated with extremely large silk tassels; a full white handkerchief was tied in a large bow round the neck; frills from the shirt-front projected from the top of the waistcoat, which was much shortened, reaching very little below the waist, and being without the flapcovered pockets. The coat was also short, reaching only to the hips, fitting closely, having a small turn-over collar as now worn; it was edged with lace or braid, and decorated with frog-buttons, tassels, and embroidery; the breeches were tight, of spotted or striped silk, with enormous bunches of strings at the knee. A watch was carried in each pocket, from which hung bunches of chains and seals: silk stockings and small shoes with little diamond buckles completed the gentleman's head dress."

THE HAT.

"Until the period of the French revolution no very extraordinary change had taken place in male or female costume since the Maccaroni period. The dresses of the gentlemen, which had then become less loose and capacious, so continued, and the waistcoat really went not below the waist; the coat had a collar which gradually became larger, and very high in the neck, about 1786 Wigs had become less the rage; and in 1763 the wig"A fashion was, however, introduced in this makers thought necessary to petition the king to reign that met with just reprehension at the hands encourage their trade by his example, and not of the satirists: it was that of patching the face. wear his own hair: a petition that was most un Bulwer, in his Artificial Changeling,' 1650, first feelingly ridiculed by another from the timberalludes to it. Our ladies,' he says, have lately merchants, praying for the universal adoption of entertained a vaine custom of spotting their faces wooden legs in preference to those of flesh and out of an affectation of a mole, to set off their blood, under the plea of benefiting the trade of the beauty, such as Venus had; and it is well if one country. But the French revolution in 1789 very black patch will serve to make their faces re- much influenced the English fashions, and greatly markable, for some fill their visages full of them, affected both male and female costume; and to varied into all manner of shapes; some of which that period we may date the introduction of the he depicts on a lady's face, which is here copied modern round hat in place of the cocked one; and from his wood-cut, and it is a very curious speci- it may reasonably be doubted whether anything men of fashionable absurdity: a coach with a coachman, and two horses with postilions, appears

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more ugly to look at, or disagreeable to wear, was ever invented as a head-covering for gentlemen.

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Shepherds, I have lost my waist?'
Have you seen my body?'

The gown was worn still open in front, but with-
out hoops, and fell in straight loose folds to the
feet, which were decorated with shoes of scarlet
leather. Immense earrings were worn; the hair
was frequently unpowdered, and from 1794 to
1797 large ostrich or other feathers were worn,
singly, or two and three together, of various
bright colors, blue, green, pink, &c., standing
half a yard high."

Mr. Fairholt is entirely intolerant of the hoop. And yet there is something to be said for it. It had a "pride, pomp and circumstance," which, when it enclosed a duchess of Devonshire, one might somehow think to be only a kind of proper hedge" for so bright-eyed and potent a divinity.

From the Athenæum.

The Quizziology of the British Drama. By GIL-
BERT ABBOT À BECKETT. Published at the
Punch Office.

No sooner had she sang, than, with a frown,
Revenge, that heavy man,

Stalk'd in, and cheering shouts of Bravo, Brown
Throughout the audience ran.

He gives the orchestra a withering look,
He draws his blood-stain'd sword,
And growls, I mark'd it in the leader's book,
You know I want a chord.'

The orchestra wakes up at last,

The double drums they beat,
And the trombone gives a blast,

Lengthening at least six feet.

At every bar, Revenge, with measured stride,
Perambulates the stage from side to side:
Then hides behind the door for some one coming out,
Who walks most unsuspectingly about,
Follow'd by dark Revenge, who very neatly
Contrives to keep out of his sight completely;
Waiting an opportunity to see
Revenge and Victim exeunt, both o. p.

With eyes upraised and ringlets curling,
Pale Melancholy-Mrs. Stirling-
Came from the prompter's little seat
Her lamentations to repeat;

And while she pours her pensive cries
On all the wings and flats around,
There is an echo in the flies

That seems to mock the mournful sound.
Through box and pit the plaintive accents stole,
Hung o'er the orchestra with fond delay,
Through the house a charm diffusing,
The sound not e'en the gallery losing,
Till in the slips it dies away."

So much for the Passions!-now for one of the characters of the drama :

66 THE STAGE SUPERNUMERARY.

"Alas! there is not in the range of dramatic character a more striking instance of the weakness of theatrical human nature than is presented by the supernumerary; whose career, from the last bar THIS is as light and pleasant an hour's reading as continued course of feeble-minded vacillation, abject of the overture to the speaking of the tag,' is one the student need desire,-with the thermometer, in subservience, or abominable treachery. He is led the shady corner of his study, marking eighty-six. away by a bit of bombast from any ranting hero Its object is, says the author, " 1st, to describe the who will ask him if he is a man, or a Briton, or a passions as they appear in many of our modern Roman, or whether the blood of his ancestors runs plays; 2ndly, to show the characters most in use through his recreant veins; and he will agree, at a by some of our dramatic authors; and, 3rdly, to moment's notice, to take part in any desperate present examples of those passions and characters enterprise. He will appear at one moment as the in operation, through the medium of scenes sup- friend of freedom, dressed in green baize, pointing posed to be selected from the works of the most with a property sword to the sky borders, and joinpopular writers for the stage." With some por-ing some twenty others in an oath to rid his country tion of the contents of its volumes, its readers may of the tyrant: but he will be found five minutes have already made acquaintance elsewhere; but afterwards rigged out in cotton velvet as a seedy other parts are, so far as our experience goes, noble in the suite of the very identical tyrant. He new-and as, in catering for the mental recreation will swear allegiance to the house of Hapsburg, at of our own readers, regard should be had to ex-half-past seven, and by the time the second price treme cases of temperature, we can scarcely do better than amuse them with an example under each of the above three several heads.-The following are fragments from the writer's Ode to the Stage Passions' :

"Next Anger rush'd-'tis HICKS, by Jove!
Loud thunder in his voice he hurls;
His superhuman rage to prove,

He tears his long black worsted curls.
And now doth wan Despair appear.

He draws his breath-nor draws it mild, But fiercely asks the chandelier

To give him back his only child.

comes in, he will be marching as one of a select oath to roll the House of Hapsburg in the dust. party of the friends of freedom who have taken an Perhaps, like a perfidious villain as he is, he will be carrying a banner inscribed with the words, Down with the oppressor,' on one side, while on the other-which he keeps artfully out of sight in order to hide his treachery from the audience-are emblazoned the arms of the House of Hapsburg, of which the alleged oppressor is the chief. On the field of battle the conduct of the stage supernumerary is contemptible in the extreme; for he either falls down before he is hit, or takes a mean

advantage of a fallen foe by striking an attitude, with his foot resting on the chest of one of the vanquished enemy. Sometimes the supernumerary gives himself up from seven until ten to a reckless career of crime, carousing in a canvass cave, or plundering pasteboard caravans, except at intervals during the evening, when, perhaps, to swamp the voice of conscience, he drinks half andhalf in the dressing-room with his wicked accomplices. The face of the supernumerary generally shows the traces of a long career of crime and burnt cork; nor is there a feature upon which remorse or rouge has not committed ravages. He frequently has his arms and legs bare; but, as if he had shrunk within himself, his skin or fleshing is frequently too large for him, and forms folds of a most extraordinary kind at the joints of his knees or elbows. Sometimes his chest is left bare, and his skin, as far as the neck, appears to be of a rich orange color; but the throat, which is cut off, as it were, by a distinct line, is of a different shade altogether. Sometimes, when the scene is laid in India, the supernumerary has his skin tied on to him; from which it would seem to be a theatrical theory that the darkness of color peculiar to the negro race is owing to the use of leggins and waistcoats of black worsted. The stage supernumerary is something like the antelope in his facility of descending precipices, and he will make his way with the greatest ease among rocks that appear inaccessible. He will come from the very highest mountain-pass in two or three minutes, and he undertakes needless difficulty by going a roundabout way and traversing the same ground several times over; though he knows that the remotest peak is not a minute's walk from the footlights. Though the stage supernumerary is frequently a ruffian while upon the scene, he is exceedingly harmless and humble directly he gets to the wing; when he is glad to creep into any quiet corner, to avoid being ordered out of the way by the prompter, tumbled over by the call-boy, and sworn at as well as knocked down by a blow from a flat by one or two of the carpenters."

From the Spectator.

MR. DUTTON'S SOUTH AUSTRALIA AND ITS

MINES.

FOR some years past, Mr. Menge, a German naturalist resident in Australia, had predicted that the range of mountains running north from Encounter Bay to nearly the 32d degree of (South) latitude would be found rich in mineral treasures; but with the usual fate of prophets in their own place of residence. Towards the close of the year 1842, however, the inferences of Mr. Menge were confirmed by an accidental discovery, as singular as any which has taken place in the history of mines: and perhaps more singular in its large results, because it opens up a national branch of industry incalculably important to a new colony as supplying it with a ready means of export-if the colonists have the good sense not to waste too much capital and industry in searches after treasures under the earth. The lucky discovery of Mr. Dutton and his friend and fellow-settler occurred in this wise.

"The Kapunda copper mine is situated close to the river Light, forty-five miles due north of Adelaide.

"It was discovered in the latter part of 1842, by

the youngest son of Captain Bagot, whilst gathering some wild flowers in the plain, and shortly afterwards by myself, not far from the same spot, but on a rise or hillock, to the top of which I had ridden in order to obtain a view of the surrounding country; one of our flocks of sheep having been dispersed during a thunder-storm, and I being at the time in search of them. After being out nearly the whole day in drenching rain, and benumbed with cold, I ascended this little hill, prior to returning home, for one last survey of the surrounding country: the very spot I pulled the horse up at was beside a large protruding mass of clay-slate, strongly tinged and impregnated with the green carbonate of copper. My first impression was that the rock was covered with a beautiful green moss;, but on getting off the horse, I quickly found, by breaking off a piece from it, that the tinge was as bright in the fracture as on the surface. My acquaintance with mineralogy was not sufficient to enable me to pronounce on the precise character of the rock, but I had little doubt it was tinged with copper, from the close resemblance of the color to verdigris.

*

"To Captain Bagot, with whom I had long been on intimate terms, I confided my discovery; when he also produced a similar specimen which was found by his son; and on a subsequent visit to the place, we found that the two spots were within close proximity of each other, although at first, from the one being on a hill and the other in the plain, we thought they were two different places. To make a long story short, we soon ascertained that the specimens were undoubtedly copper ores: the discovery was kept of course secret; we got eighty acres surveyed, all the forms as laid down by the old land-sales regulations were complied with; the section was advertised for a whole month in the government Gazette, and we became the purchasers of it at the fixed government price for waste lands of £1 per acre. At that time there were still a number of eighty-acre land orders' unexercised in the colony, any one of which might have claimed this section; nor could we attempt to buy one of them without running the risk of exciting attention and we therefore preferred quietly waiting for the expiration of the usual time required, and then tendering the money, trusting to the general depression of the times, that no one would feel inclined just then to become possessed of any more land; in which we were not mistaken.

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Having secured the land, the next step was to ascertain the value of the ores, and whether they would remunerate us in working them. To ascertain this, we sent a box of specimens to England; and did not begin working the mine till the encouraging report of Mr. Perceval Johnston reached us, which gave an average of 23 per cent. for the surface out-croppings. We then lost no time to begin working with a small body of men.

66

*

*

'Amongst the general population of the colony there were some few Cornish miners, who were quietly following pastoral and agricultural pursuits : when we gave notice of intending to work the mine, the pickaxe was quickly resumed by them; and we gave them a liberal tribute' for the first year, (3s. 6d. per H.,) to set the thing going. These men were highly successful, and raised a considerable quantity of rich ore."

We need not further pursue the prosperous fortunes of Messrs. Bagot and Dutton, the quantity of ore they raised, its repute at Swansea, its par

ticular and average prices, with the advantageous entail fresh ones. All this is well enough done; site of the mine, its admirable roads and cheap but the general information is not new to those cartage, or the additional 100 acres the partners who have given any attention to the subject. bought no longer at the rate of £1 per acre, competition having run up the 100 acres to £2,210. Suffice it to say, that part of the first year's produce (1844) sold for £6,225; the whole colony was set agog after mining speculations; and it may yet turn out that more will be lost in searching for metals than gained by finding them -as has hitherto been the result in every country, mining, according to Adam Smith, being in fact gambling.

66

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THE LAST MOMENTS OF THE POPE.-On WhitSunday the Pontiff determined to have mass said in his chamber, and to take the communion himself. This was opposed, and he was obliged to almost get angry in order to have his wish complied with; and if he had not done so, he would have died His valet-de-chambre said without the sacrament. to him, "But, Holy Father, you will alarm the Thus far, however, the success has been wonwhole city; they will say that you are very ill." derful. Including Mr. Dutton's or the Kapunda, Certainly," replied he, “I am very ill; I feel it; no fewer than eleven distinct mines have been dis- and do you want me to appear before God without covered; of which six are copper, three lead, and having taken the bread of life? Io voglio morire two mixed. In description, these are all promis-da frate, non da sovrano." (I wish to die as a ing; but the only two whose produce is in the monk, and not as a sovereign.) The malady made market seem to be the Kapunda and the Monta- such rapid progress the following night that the cute-the latter discovered soon after the Kapun-cardinal confessor, whose duty it is to assist dying da, in as accidental a way, though not managed by pontiffs, could not be summoned in time; it was such prudent people as Messrs. Dutton and Bagot. the assistant curé of the Pontifical Palace who Of these two mines, the price of the ore in 1845, at gave extreme unction to the Pope, the curé not Swansea, was £13 11s. 2d. per ton for the Mon- having arrived. Gregory XVI. had expired when tacute, and £24 15s. 3d. for the Kapunda; the Cardinal Bianchi, his confessor, entered his chamlast being the highest price of any copper-mine in ber. The other ecclesiastics, who were summoned the world. The money returns were― according to custom, had only to watch over the mortal remains of their master. The Pope expired in the arms of Cardinal Lambruschini, who had hurried up with all the speed of his horses, and who assisted him in his last moments with the tenderness of a friend and a son. The Ami de la Religion' says:-" Pope Gregory XVI. has made two of his nephews his residuary legatees, and appointed Cardinal Matei his executor. The Pontiff has left several legacies to the Propaganda, the convent of St. Gregory, the monks of the Camaldules, and some of his household. The fortune which he has left has been greatly exaggerated. A more just idea of it may be formed when it is considered that the civil list of the popedom does not amount to more than 80,000f. a year. A rich library, some valuable paintings, jewellery, and works of art, with other property of unimportant amount, form the whole of the inheritance left for his nephews in the Venetian states, instead of the millions at which it has been estimated."

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Montacute, 277 tons, yielding £3,754 Kapunda,. 243 tons, yielding 6,017 It is not to be supposed that South Australia has either capital or skilled labor to work these mines with effect, and both are looked for from this country. British miners and British money are to be exported. Some of the mines belong to companies; probably all are open to the purchase of shares; and they are exciting interest in "the city," as considerable as any other legitimate speculation. It is probable that the object of this work is to bring them prominently before the eyes of the world. The mass of mankind, however, should be slow to meddle with such speculations, unless with money they can afford to lose. A new mine, under the best of circumstances, is an uncertainty; and old ones are not over sure, for we know not how soon the supply of ore may diminish or be procured with greater difficulty. It is a speculation very proper for city capitalists, since THE papers announce the death, at Woolwich, they have a general knowledge of the subject, and of Mr. Marsh, the chemist-whose name has acmeans of attaining particular information; but the quired a European celebrity, as the inventor of the annuitant or person anxious to employ surplus capi- test for arsenic now generally used in medical jutal should ponder very closely before he embarks risprudence.-Athenæum. in schemes, either at his own prompting, or the solicitations of others, unless he is thoroughly persuaded of their judgment and honesty. In fact, the person wishing to invest may take this with him, that whatever he gains beyond the interest of the English funds is got at some risk or expense, or inconvenience equivalent to expense.

Should Mr. Dutton's object have been to get up any South Australian mining interest in this country, it is very skilfully masked; for only a small portion of his book is devoted to this topic. The remainder of the volume contains a general account of the colony, after the usual fashion in which these things are done. There is the story of the original foundation and of the successive governorships of South Australia; a view of its geographical features, climate, and natural productions; with a sketch of the society and present condition of the colony, which has now emerged from its difficulties, if over rash mining speculations do not

GOOD NIGHT.

BY F. A. B.

GOOD night, but dream not, lest the clinging form,
Which thou didst coldly cast from thy embrace,
Should in thy sleep return, and still and warm

Creep to the breast that was its resting-place.

Good night, but dream not, lest the pleading eyes,

Whose tears thou seest fall down like winter

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THE ELIZABETHINES.

From the Edinburgh Tales.

BY MRS. GORE.

Sad as the heart of Ruth, when, sick for home,
She stood in tears amid the alien corn! KEATS.

"This is our laboratory," said she, throwing open a door which emitted a rich steam of spicy decoctions; and I perceived that the antique oaken compartments within, were closely filled with mysterious jars which appeared to contain all "the syrups of the east." A little boy beside the polI HAVE had reason hitherto to complain of ill-for- ished counter was receiving from the hands of an tune in the visits I have made to convents and mon- old nun, a basket of medicines for his sick mother; asteries. Other travellers are sure to meet with accompanied by more counsels and injunctions than some interesting novice or dignified lady abbess-I thought so small a head might well retain; and some celestial sister already "enskied and sainted" in an inner chamber I caught a glimpse of three / -or some wasted votary, bearing the impress of reverend sisters seated round a table, on which secret and silent affliction of suppressed passions stood an air-pump, an electrifying machine, and a ―of self-resignation! For my own part, I must ac- ponderous pair of scales. Their dress-the flowknowledge that I never yet chanced upon a clois-ing black robe and milk-white scapulary, worn tered victim in any way worthy of sympathy. The somewhat after the fashion of a Roman contadina reverend mother has usually proved a cross old wo- -their dignified gravity, which might have become man much addicted to snuff; with a skin like yel-Tynemouth's haughty prioress," formed a strange low flannel, and a gait like that of the fairy Cara- contrast with their several occupations; which bosse; and I have always found the sister appoint- were those of pulling lint, weighing poppy heads, ed to do the honors of the convent, dull, corpulent, and shelling small seeds for some medicinal purmiddle-aged, and contented, as well as self-con- pose. tented. The only nun I ever saw who could lay After exhibiting "an alligator stuffed," and claim to personal beauty, was a very lovely crea- some other objects of natural history-the marvel ture, with whom, some ten years ago, I passed a and glory of the simple nuns-Sister Agatha led rainy afternoon at Tournay. Instead, however, of me successively through the wardrobe, where a adding the grace of pensive Eloiseism to her other detachment of the nuns were busily stitching garattractions, the holy sister proved as arrant a gig-ments for the rest of the community-through the let as any reproved by the Lady Beatrice of the Tor Hill; and laughed and crowed like an idiot, while I sat admiring her skill ring-a most unsentimental employment for a neroine!

sacristy, where another division was occupied in preparing decorations for their church, to be used on some ensuing solemnity-and finally, into the kitchen of the convent-the neatest and most appetizing, I should think, that exists in the German empire.

Henceforward, however, I will make no complaints on this head; for I have recently witnessed a scene within the walls of a religious institution, Wherever we passed, the nuns crowded round which has proved the source of many deep and to kiss the hand of my conductress, and to welcome painful emotions. I will not call it interesting, for her with loquacious delight. She was evidently a such a term is most unfitly applied to the real right-person of importance and a favorite, for even the earnest calamities of human life. sisters occupied in the confectionary in preparing The convent of the Elizabethines, or Elisabethin-delicacies for their convalescent patients, left their erinnen, is situated in one of the suburbs of Vien- sugar to burn while they indulged in a passing gosna; and was endowed by the Queen of Hungary, sip with Sister Agatha. whose name it bears, as an hospital for fifty poor The order and distribution of the extensive buildwomen, to be served and attended by as many pro-ing were admirable; and the long spotless corridors fessed nuns. The institution closely resembles paved with polished Salzberg marble-the creamthat admirable one founded by Saint Vincent de colored stone used for lithographic engravingPaule-the Sœurs de la Charité-and maintains the formed a striking contrast with the usually filthy same character of universal benevolence, of self-de- passages of Vienna mansions, and spoke strongly nying and pious activity. In addition to the fifty in favor of the superior cleanliness of female occuobjects received into the ward of the hospital, the pations. Elizabethines distribute their charitable offices to Such of the neighboring poor as apply for assistance or advice; and the holy sisters are not only adored by those who have been restored to health through their skill and gentle care, but are regarded as the tutelary angels of the quarter in which their convent is situated.

Anxious to observe the internal regulations of an institution I had so frequently heard named with the blessings of gratitude, I presented myself at the parloir of the Elizabethines; and having referred my request for admittance to the reverend mother, I was instantly and graciously received.

"You are fortunate," observed Sister Agatha, as we ascended the stairs," in having visited us at the hour appointed for the reception of visiters into the ward. It is the bright season of our day, and will diminish the painful impression arising from the sight of the afflicted."

As she spoke she threw open the door of the hospital-a long gallery containing fifty beds, each bearing a German inscription, purporting that the wants of its sick tenant were relieved through the love of God." A murmur of joy and surprise saluted the entrance of Sister Agatha into the ward; and the numerous visiters, many of them The sister appointed by the abbess to conduct me belonging to a highly respectable class of life, deover the building, was a cheerful intelligent wo-serted the beds of their sick friends to salute her man-cheerful from the consoling sense of duties with expressions of welcome and gratitude. Many diligently performed, and from the remembrance of of the poorer order, unable to lose their time, al a long life spent in the services of her fellow-creatures. She was gentle and even elegant in her address, although slightly deformed in person; but I beg my readers will not despond over this untoward circumstance, for I respectfully forewarn them that Sister Agatha is not the heroine of my adventure.

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though in the offices of affection, had brought their work; and were diligently knitting or sewing while they listened to the monotonous recitals of the sufferers-the mother, the sister, the friend they were come to visit. On several coverlids la little tokens of interest—a flower, a biscuit

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