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he comes again, and brings a second, they drag him to a thick, lofty tree, and in like manner a third offering. I put a strong cord round his neck, If he still meets with difficulties which tie him up to it, and there leave oppose the fulfilment of his wishes, he him, till he drops to pieces from the carries a present to one of the small- | effect of the wind and rain. er figures, imploring its mediation, I was told that when a chief dies, and saying, “ This is for our lord's they perform many other ceremonies wives and daughters." And thus besides burning. I wished to know he proceeds to apply to one of these soinething more respecting these ceidols after the other, praying to them, remonies, when I was informed of and humbly. imploring their favour the death of one of their great men, and intercession. Often too he trans- | They laid him in his grave, over acts his business without any diffi which they erected a roof for ten culty, and soon sells all the commo- days, till they had finished cutting dines that he has brought with him. out and making clothes for him. If In this case he says, “ My lord has it is a poor person, they build a small fulfilled my desire; it is now my duty boat, put him into it, and burn it; to repay him.” He then slaughters but, on the death of a rich man, they a number of bullocks and sheep, collect his property together, and gives part of the flesh to the poor, divide it into three parts. One third carries the rest before the great is for his family; with the second statue and the smaller ones which they provide clothes for him; and stand round it, and hangs the heads with the third they purchase intoxiof the animals to the pole set up in cating liquors, which they drink on the earth behind the small idols. In the day when the damsel voluntarily the night the dogs come and devour submits to death and is burned with every thing. He who makes the of her master. With wine they indulge fering then exclaims with joy, “ My themselves in a senseless manner, lord is well pleased with me; he has and drink it day and night. It is accepted my gift!"

often the case that one of them dies When any of them falls ill, they with the bowl in his hand. set up a tent for him, at a distance When a chief dies, his family asks from the rest: there they leave him, his maidens and boys, “ Which of together with some bread and water. you will die with him?" One of them After this they never go near him, replies, “ I will.” When these words neither do they speak with him; nay, are once pronounced, the party is what is still more, they do not visit bound, and is never allowed to rehim once during the whole time he cede if she would. It is mostly feis ill, especially if he be a poor man males who submit to this fate. Thus or a slave. When he recovers, and when the man above-mentioned was is able to rise from his sick-bed, he dead, they asked his damsels, “ Who repairs again to his own people: if will die with him?" and one of them he dies, they burn him, unless he be answered, “I will.” She was immea slave, in which case they leave him diately given in charge to two fejust as he is, till at length he is de- males, whose business it was to guard voured by the dogs or birds of prey. her, to attend her wherever she went, · If they catch a thief or robber, and sometimes even to wash her feet.

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MANNERS OF THE RUSSIANS IN THE TENTH CENTURY.

it was already hauis vessel lay. But fruits, and the best strong liquors,

The people then began to turn their || a kurtock and kaftan of gold stuff attention to the deceased, to make with gold buttons, and put on his garments for him, and to prepare head a cap of gold stuff lined with whatever else was requisite. The sable-skin. They then carried hiin damsel meanwhile ate and drank and into the tent that was in the ship, sang, and was merry.

| laid him on the wadded cloth spread When the day had arrived on on the bench, placing pillows under which the deceased and the maiden his head, brought strong liquors, were to be burned, I went to the fruits, and the herb basil, and set all river in which his vessel lay. But these beside him, together with it was already hauled on shore: four bread, meat, and onions. They then corner-blocks of chalendsch and other brought a dog, and cut him in two wood were placed for it, and all parts, which they threw into the around large wooden figures, resem- ship; laid all the arms of the debling the human shape. The ship ceased by his side, and brought two was then drawn up, and placed on horses, which they drove about till the said blocks. The people mean they dripped with sweat, when they while began to go to and fro, and cut them in pieces with their swords, spoke in a language which I did not and threw the flesh into the vessel. understand. The corpse still lay at Two oxen were then led to the spot, a distance in the grave, from which and served in the same manner. they had not yet taken it. They | Lastly, they brought a cock and a then brought a bench, set it in the hen, which also they slaughtered, ship, and covered it with wadded | and threw on board like the rest. and quilted cloths, with pillows of The maiden who had devoted herGreek cloth of gold. Next came | self to death meanwhile walked up an old woman, whom they call the and down, and went into one of the “ Angel of Death,” and spread the tents which they had there. And above-mentioned things on the bench. when Friday afternoon was come, It is , this woman who directs the they led her to a thing which they making of the garments and all the had made, and which resembled a arrangements, and who likewise kills door-frame. She set her feet on the the damsel. I saw her-a very de-open hands of the men, who raised vil, with dark ferocious looks. When her to the top of this frame, from they came to the grave, they cleared which she looked down, saying someaway the earth from the wooden thing in their language, on which roof, removed the latter, and took the men lifted her down. They then out the deceased in the winding- || raised her again, and she did as besheet on which he had died. I ob- | fore. They again lifted her down, served that he was turned quite and raised her a third time, when black with the cold. They had put she did exactly as on the two former into the grave along with him intoxi- occasions. They then handed to cating liquor, fruits, and a lute, all her a hen, the head of which she which they now took out again. The cut off and threw away;. but the deceased was altered in no respect body she threw into the ship. I inexcepting colour. They then dress- quired of the interpreter the meaned him in drawers, trowsers, boots, || ing of all this. He informed me, that the first time she said, “ Look! here || ceased. Two of them laid hold of I saw my father and my mother!"— her legs, and two of her hands. The the second time, “Look! now I see old woman put a cord about her all my deceased relations sitting to- neck, and gave the ends of it to the gether!"—and the third time, “Look! | other two men, who were to pull thein, there is my master; he is in Para- and then went herself and stabbed dise. Paradise is so beautiful and her between the ribs with a knife so green! His men and boys are with having a broad blade, upon which him. He calls me; carry me then to she drew it out again. The two men him!"—Hereupon they carried the at the same time strangled her with girl to the ship. She took off both the cord till she was dead. The her bracelets, and gave them to the nearest relative of the deceased then woman who is called the Angel of advanced naked, took a piece of Death, and who was to dispatch her. wood, which he lighted, walked backShe also took off the two rings from wards to the ship, holding the fireher legs, and gave them to the two brand in his hand, with which he girls who attended her, and who are kindled the wood that was laid uncalled the daughters of the Angel der the ship. Thereupon the others of Death. She was then lifted came with firebrands and other wood, into the ship, but not admitted into each carrying a piece that was alreathe tent. Men with shields and dy burning at the top, and throwing staves now came up, and handed to it on the heap. The fire soon comher a bowl of intoxicating liquor. Imunicated to this wood, presently to The damsel took it, sang something, the ship, and then to the tent, the and emptied the bowl. The inter- man and the girl, and to every thing preter told me that she was then in the vessel. A violent tempest at taking leave of her friends. An- | the same time arose, and rendered other bowl was thereupon presented the flames still more furious. to her; she took it, and began a At my side was one of the Rusa song of considerable length. The sians, whom I heard talking to the old woman bade her make haste to interpreter who stood by him. I empty, the bowl, and to go into the asked the interpreter what the Rustent in which her master lay. But sian had been saying, and received the girl had become intimidated and this answer: “ You Arabs," said he, irresolute: she was about to enter" are stupid people; you take one the tent, but when she had put in for whom you feel the highest love her head only she stopped. The and veneration and throw him into old woman immediately seized her by the earth, to be devoured by worms the head, and pulled her in. The li and creeping things, We, on the men forthwith began to strike their contrary, burn him in a twinkling, so shields with their staves, lest her that he goes straightway to Paradise.” cries should be heard, and deter He then burst into an immoderate other girls from offering at some fu- laughter, and added, “ His Jord's ture period to die with their masters. I love to himn causes the wind to blow Six men then went into the tent, and already so fiercely, that it will preextended her by the side of the de- || sently carry him completely away." l'ol. VI. No. XXXIV.

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And sure enough before an hour was i, to sacrifice their lives for him, reside past, ship, wood, and girl were, with with him in his castle. These four the deceased, consumed to ashes. hundred sit below the king's throne,

Hereupon they raised something which is large and lofty, and adorned like a round hill over the spot on the with costly stones. Forty females, shore upon which the ship had been destined for his bed, sit near him on drawn, and set up in the middle of his throne, from which he never deit a large beech-post, upon which scends. When therefore he wishes they wrote the name of the deceased to ride abroad, his horse is led close and that of the king of the Russians. to the throne, from which he gets They then went their way. | upon it; and at his return he draws

It is customary with the kings of up so near to it that he can alight on the Russians, that four hundred of it. He has a vicegerent, who leads the bravest of their retinue, who are his armies, fights his enemies, and ever ready to die with the king, or | acts in his stead among his subjects.

ANECDOTES OF CONTEMPORARY GENIUS.

No. II. JOHN HOGAN, A SELF-TAUGHT SCULPTOR, OF CORK, IN IRELAND. John Hogan was born in the year, who has recently built the new pri1799, at Tallow, in the county of son at Sunday's-Well, near that city. Waterford, about twenty miles from Hogan's employment for two years Cork, during a visit of his mother was that of a common carpenter, acat that village. His parents were cording to the articles of his indenthen residents in Cork, where his fa tures. But during his after-hours ther, who is a working carpenter, he indulged his natural inclination in still continues to reside; and his mo. drawing from whatever engravings ther died there in autumn 1823. Un. he could borrow or obtain possession der the tuition of Mr. Barret, a of. On an occasion, when it became schoolmaster, then living in Brown necessary to have a number of arstreet, he acquired a knowledge of chitectural plans speedily copied, Mr. the English language, of arithmetic, Deane's brother asked him if he had book-keeping, and geometry. About ever copied any drawings. The rethe year 1812, he was placed as a ply to this was followed by a request clerk to Mr. Michael Foot, an at- to see some of his performances, and torney, in Patrick-street; an occupa- | the inspection induced the inquirer tion more likely to chill and repress immediately to employ him in assistthe powers of his fancy than to en- | ing to copy the plans. His correct courage its flights. His dislike to eye now became gradually known. this employment visibly increasing, Among a variety of drawings which he was taken from it, at his own re he executed, there were two plans of quest, at the end of two years, and bridges from a scale laid down by apprenticed to Mr. Thomas Deane, Richard Griffith, Esq. civil engineer an eminent architect, who has erected of the government at Dublin Castle. the church at Cove, a number of pub- One of these bridges was intended lic and private buildings in Cork, and to be built across the Lee at Lapp's

and they beauty his art

Island, in Cork, and the otlier over | employed them in drawing, modelthe same river at Sunday's-Well, in ling, and carving figures for his imthe vicinity. He also drew three provement. In 1818, his Majesty, plans for fortified guard - houses to the Prince Regent, in the most be erected in the disturbed districts gracious manner made a magnificent of the county of Cork, and each de- || gift of casts, taken from the finest signed to contain accommodations | antique statues at Rome, under the for fifty soldiers. These drawings direction of Canova, to the Royal were sent to Dublin Castle, and laid | Cork Society of Arts. This memobefore his Excellency the Marquis rable token of the king's paternal Wellesley; but having been made wish to diffuse a taste for the fine for and under the direction of his arts in Ireland was conferred upon master, his name as an apprentice Cork when Hogan had two years was, according to the established of his apprenticeship to serve. The usage, not brought forward, and they contemplation of these treasures of were not known to be his perform- beauty, to a mind so full of the poances. In the course of these stu | etry of his art as Hogan's, opened dies he acquired a knowledge of the a new era in his life. But the purest architectural orders, but having inade forms are a dead letter to a student some drawings of figures, and at without an anatomical key to unlock tempted a small model in clay, Mr. their internal structure, and display Deane, who was a man of taste and the immutable principles upon which discrimination, was so struck by their their beauties rest. Hogan was so merits that he sent to London for a sensible of this, that he began to apset of tools, and very liberally af- ply himself to the study of anatomy. forded him an opportunity of at- Towards the end of December 1819, tempting to carve in wood. Hogan's he commenced carving in his afterfirst essays were so successful, al- hours the skeleton of a female adult, though he had not the advantage of from nature. He cut this extraorinstruction, that Mr. Deane, from that dinary performance in pine-wood, time, gave him constant employment about the height of the Venus of in carving balusters, friezes, capitals, Medicis, and finished it with astoand ornamental figures for his exten- | nishing accuracy, even in the most şive establishment. He continued in minute details. The delicate bony this department, at thirteen shillings surface is finely expressed. The caper week, out-door wages, until the vity of the skull and the cavities of close of his apprenticeship. The the vertebræ, through which the talents, opulence, and respectable spinal marrow is conveyed, are exconnections of Mr. Deane deservedly actly hollowed. The mere mechaobtained that eminent architect so nical difficulties of this operation are many important commissions for pub- not easily imagined; but the light lic and private buildings, that his ap- || and persevering hand of Hogan overprentices were pretty constantly em- came every difficulty. Each bone ployed. But Hogan, instead of spend formed a separate study, and even ing his after-hours unprofitably in the smallest variations of the digitals thoughtless amusements, which have are imitated to deception. The skesuch, general attraction for youth, || leton is skilfully put together with

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