It was destroyed by the Portuguese of San Pablo,

and the ruins of it alone remain.

ENCARNADOS, SIERRAS, a cordillera of the mountains of the island of Jamaica, on the w. coast, called thus from the colour of the soil. [ENCHANTED Mountain. See TENNESSEE.] ENCRUCIJADA, a settlement of the province and government of Tucumán, in the jurisdiction of the city of Córdoba; situate near the river Primero.

ENCRUCIJADA, another settlement, in the same province and government, of the jurisdiction of the city of Salta; situate s. of the fort of Los Cobos.

[ENDLESS Mountains, a name sometimes applied to the Alleghany mountains.]

[ENDEAVOUR Straits are between the n. point of New Holland, and the s. coast of New Guinea. Lat. 10° s. Long. 140° e. from Paris.] ENENEY, a river of the province and government of Santa Marta in the kingdom of Tierra Firme. It rises in the serranías which lie to the n. of the valley of Upar, and enters the sea to the w. of the Estero-hondo.

ENERECAMU, a river of the province and county of Las Amazonas, to the n. of the Tigre. It runs e. 16 leagues, afterwards s. until it enters the last mentioned river on its n. side. In the woods at its entrance dwell the nation of the Ayacores Indians. Its mouth is in lat. 2° 3' s.

ENFADO, SIERRAS DEL, a cordillera of the province of California, which run on the sea-shore, from the bay of La Magdalena, until they unite themselves with the other sierra, called Del Carmelo.

ENFANT-PERDU, or LOST CHILD, an island of the N. sea, near the coast of the province and government of Guayana, opposite the mouth of the river Cayenne.

ENFER, PORTAL, a port on the n. coast of the island of Guadalupe, between cape San Juan, and the point of Los Castillos. It is small and unse

cure.

[ENFIELD, a township in Hartford county, Connecticut, on the e. bank of Connecticut river, opposite to Suffield, and bounded on the n. by the Massachusetts line. It was granted by the court of Massachusetts to Springfield in 1648, and was settled in 1681. In 1769 it contained 214 English families. In the town are two Congregational churches, and a meeting-house for Shakers. The compact part of the town, contiguous to the river, is very pleasant. It is 16 or 18 miles n. of Hartford.]

[ENFIELD, a township in Grafton county, New

Hampshire, about 11 miles s. e. of Dartmouth college. It was incorporated in 1761, and has 724 inhabitants, chiefly farmers.]

ENGANO, Cape of, a point of land of St. Domingo, at the e. coast and head, between the point San Rafael and the river Higuey, and opposite the island of Puerto Rico, in lat. 18° 36' n. Long. 68° 18' w.

ENGARE, a river of the province and corregimiento of Caxamarquilla in Peru.

ENGATIVA, a rich and populous city in the time of the Indians, in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada. It was taken by assault by General Gonzalo Ximenez de Quesada in 1537, and plundered of immense riches. It is at present reduced to a very mean and poor village.

ENGEENCH, REAL, a settlement of the island of Joanes, or Marajo, on the coast of Brazil; situate on the s. part, and on the shore of the arm of the river of Las Amazonas, opposite the mouth of the Tocantines.

ENGLAND. See NEW ENGLAND.

ENGLISH, a settlement of the island of Barbadoes, in the district of the parish of St. Lucas. [ENGLISH Harbour, one of the best harbours in the island of Antigua, on the s. shore, a mile s. e. of the mouth of Falmouth harbour. It is well fortified, and has a royal navy yard and arsenal, with conveniences for careening ships of war. Lat. 17° 2' 25" n. Long. 61° 47' w.]

[ENGLISH NEIGHBOURHOOD, a village in Bergen county, New Jersey, on a n. e. branch of Hackinsack river, w. of, and in the vicinity of fort Lee.]

[ENGLISH Town, in New Jersey, a small village in the n. w. part of Monmouth county, on the road from Princetown to Shrewsbury, 21 miles from the former, six w. of Monmouth court-house, and 18 e. of Princetown.]

[ENGLISH Turn. See DETOUR DES ANGLOIS.] ENGRACIA, ST. a settlement and garrison of the Nuevo Reyno de Leon.

ENIN, a small river of Peru, which unites itself on the n. with the Xauja, and enters the Apurimac before this runs into the Beny on its s. side, in lat. 11° 46' s.

ENNE, a river of the province and corregimiento of Pataz, and district of the missions of Caxamarquilla, in Peru. It rises in the province of Tarma, on the s. side, near the town of this name, runs n. n. e. forming a curve for many leagues, then turns n. n. w. and enters in a large body the Ilcayale, after collecting the waters of many other rivers.

ENNE, a settlement of the same province and corregimiento.

ENNENO, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Caxamarquilla in Peru.

ENO, a river of the province and colony of N. Carolina, which runs to the s. e. [It unites with Little and Flat rivers in Orange county, and forms the Neus, about 17 miles below Hillsborough.] [ENOREE, a n. w. branch of Broad river, in S. Carolina. It separates Pinckney and Ninetysix districts, and joins Broad river, about five miles below Tyger river.]

[ENOSBURG, a township in Franklin county, Vermont, about 18 or 20 miles e. of Swanton.] ENQUENTRO River, in the province and government of Paraguay. It runs e. and enters the Paraná, opposite the great island of Salto. ENRAGE, Cape of, on the n. w. coast of the island Martinique, between the bay of Giraumont and the settlement of Caye Pilote or Cayo Piloto.

ENRAGE, another cape or point of land in the island of St. Christopher, one of the Antilles, on the n. w. coast, between the bay of Ouignes and that of La Fontaine.

ENRICO, Bay of, on the coast of Terra Fuego in the S. sea, to the n. of the straits of Magellan. It is very shallow and unsecure, being much exposed to the n. wind. It was thus named by Oliver Woort, in compliment to Prince Henry of Nassau.

ENRIQUILLO, Lake of, a large lake of fresh water in the island of St. Domingo, in the limits which divide the Spanish from the French possessions, towards the s. coast and the mountains of Boruco. It is situate in the valley of Neiba, and has in the middle of it three small islands. It preserves the name of a cacique who was thus called, and who, after having embraced the Catholic faith, rose against the Spaniards, and fortifying himself in the mountains in the vicinity of this lake, waged a bitter war against them for the space of 13 years, until he was reconciled, and induced to accept of terms of peace, by a letter which was written to him by the Emperor Charles V.]

ENSENADA, HALLADA, a river of the n. coast, and of the part possessed by the French, in St. Domingo. It runs s. e. and enters the sea between that of Los Rocheles and the port of Trou Forbán.

ENTRATUBA, a settlement of the province and country of Las Amazonas; situate on the shore of

that river.

ENTREE, Island of, or Of the ENTRANCE, in the gulf of St. Lawrence; one of those which are called of Magdalen, the largest of them, and that which lies farthest to the s.

ENZUCAR, a settlement of the province and

alcaldía mayor of S. Salvador in the kingdom of Guatemala.

EPARAGOIS, a barbarous nation of Indians of Nueva Andalucía, on the borders of the lake Cassipa. These barbarians live by fishing and hunting; they are descended from the maritime Caribees, although they are not equally cruel. They are in amity, and carry on trade with the Dutch of the colonies of Esquivo and Surinam.

EPATLAN, a settlement and head settlement of the alcaldía mayor of Izucar; the district of which comprehends six settlements very close in its vicinity; the same containing 515 families of Indians, and 38 of Spaniards, Mustees, and Mulattoes. It is situate on a plain spot, and abounds in seeds and fruits. Close to it is a lake, in which are caught mojarras, a small fish of most delicate flavour. It is three leagues e. by n. of its capital.

EPAZEYUCA, a settlement and head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Zempoala in Nueva España. It contains 100 families of Indians.

EPEXAM, SAN MIGUEL DE, a settlement of the head settlement and district of Puruandiro, and alcaldía mayor of Valladolid, in the province and bishopric of Mechoacán. It contains four families of Spaniards, and 58 of Indians, who maintain themselves by the trading in tanned hides, and in sowing certain seeds. It is situate on a plain, 14 leagues from the capital, Pasquaro.

[EPHRATA, or DUNKARD Town, a village in Lancaster county, Pennsylvania; situated on the s. side of Calico creek, which joining the Conestoga, falls into the Susquehannah. It lies 12 miles n. e. of the town of Lancaster, and 50 n. by w. of Philadelphia. It is situated in a romantic and sequestered vale, and possessed by a religious community called Tunkers, who are mostly of German descent, and believe in general redemption. They use great plainness of dress and language, and will neither swear, nor fight, nor go to law, nor take interest for the money they lend. They have many peculiarities; but their innocent manners have acquired them the name of the Harmless Tunkers. This settlement is sometimes called Tunker's town, and consists of about 40 buildings; of which three are places of worship. They subsist by cultivating their lands, by attending a printing-office, a gristmill, a paper-mill, an oil-mill, &c. and the sisters by spinning, weaving, sewing, &c. Besides this congregation at Ephrata, there were, in 1770, 14 others of this sect in various parts of Pennsylvania, and some in Maryland. The whole, exclusive of those in Maryland, amounted to upwards of 2000 souls.]

EPILLO, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Caxamarquilla in Peru.

[EPPING, a plantation in the district of Maine, of about 25 families, 12 miles from Narraguague.] [EPPING, a township in Rockingham county, New Hampshire, taken from the n. w. part of Exeter, and incorporated in 1741. In 1790 it contained 1233, now 1740 inhabitants. It is six miles n. w. of Exeter, and 18 w. of Portsmouth.]

[EPSOM, a township in Rockingham county, New Hampshire, lies e. of Pembroke, adjoining; 10 miles e. of Concord, and 36 n. w. of Portsmouth. It was incorporated in 1727. In 1775 it contained 387, and in 1790, 799 inhabitants.]

EPUNGEO, S. FRANCISCO DE, a settlement of the head settlement of Irimbio, and alcaldia mayor of Maravatio, in the bishopric of Mechoacán, and kingdom of Nueva España. It contains 26 families of Indians, and lies one league to the e. of its head settlement.

EQUANDUREO, LOS REYES DE, a settlement of the alcaldía mayor of La Piedad in Nueva España; annexed to the curacy of the capital, Tlazasalca. It contains 64 families of Indians, who have no other trade than that arising from their scanty crops of maize, and some fruits which they cultivate. In its district are nine settlements ar congregations, containing altogether 462 families of Spaniards, Mustees, and Mulattoes, who live by the good management of their estates. It is five leagues from the capital.

ERENA, a river of the province and country of Las Amazonas. It rises in the territory of the Abacates Indians, runs n. n. w. and enters the Madera, close to the cataract of the Oranasa.

ERIE, a large lake of New France or Canada, thus called from a barbarous nation of Indians who inhabit its shores. It is 100 leagues long e. w. and 30 wide n.s. It is covered with many beautiful and fertile islands, and upon its banks are delightful meadows and woods abounding with game. The French had many establishments here, owing to the trade which they carried on with the Indians in skins; and they have been heard to call it the most beautiful country of the whole province. This lake empties itself into the Ontario by a canal called the Fall of Niagara. [It affords good navigation for shipping of any burden. The coast on both sides of the lake is generally favourable for the passage of batteaux and canoes. Its banks in many places have a flat sandy shore, particularly to the e. of the peninsula called Long Point, which runs upwards of 18 miles into the lake, and being composed of sand is very convenient to haul boats out of the surf upon it, when the lake is too rough

for sailing and rowing; yet in some places, chiefly on the s. side towards both ends of the lake, it would be dangerous to approach and impossible to land, by reason of the perpendicular height of the rocks. Some of these (as at Cayahaga, which are already described) are magnificent beyond description, and must also inspire dread in the boldest breast, when viewed from the water. Lake Erie has a great variety of fine fish, such as sturgeon, eel, white fish, trout, perch, &c. Lakes Huron and Michigan afford communication with lake Erie, by vessels of eight feet draught. There are portages into the waters of lake Erie from the Wabash, Great Miami, Muskingum, and Alleghany, from two to 16 miles. The portage between the Ohio and Potowmac will be about 20 miles, when the obstructions in the Monongahela and Cheat rivers are removed.]

[ERIE, Fort, a strong fortification in Upper Canada; situated on the n. shore of lake Erie, and on the w. bank of Niagara river, 24 miles s. by e. of Niagara fort, and 14 above the carrying place at the falls of Niagara. Lat. 42° 54' n. Long. 78° 59' 30" w.]

ERIES, a nation of Indians of New France or Canada, which gives its name to the former lake, and signifies, in the language of the country, Cats; a name by which it is also known by the French, and which was given it from the abundance of those animals found in it. The Iroquees destroyed it in 1655; and although at the beginning of the war, fortune was much against them, they gained their end by valour and perseverance; and, indeed, were it not for the lake of this name, which afforded an asylum to the wretched fugitives, not even the memory of them would at present have remained.

ERIN, a river of the island and government of Trinidad.

[ERROL, a small town on lake Umbagog, in the n. easternmost settled part of Grafton county, New Hampshire; incorporated in 1774.]

[ERVINE, a township in Ontario county, New York. Of its inhabitants 93 are qualified to be electors.]

ESCALADA, a settlement of the province and captainship of the Rio Janeiro in Brazil; situate near the coast, and to the s. of the Jacári.

ESCAMA, a settlement of the province and captainship of S. Vicente in Brazil; situate between those of Pedrosa and Rongua.

[ESCAMBIA, one of the most considerable rivers that fall into the bay of Pensacola, in W. Florida, empties itself near the head of the n. branch, about 12 or 15 miles from Pensacola, through seve

ral marshes and channels, which have a number of islands between them that are overflowed when the water is high. A shoal near its mouth prevents vessels drawing more than five or six feet from entering; but there is from two to four fathoms of water afterwards. Captain Hutchins ascended it in a boat upwards of 80 miles, and from the depth of water there, it appeared to be navigable for pettiaugers many miles further. It is uncertain where its source is. The course is very winding. At the mouth of the river, on the w. side, was the town of Cambleton, settled by French protestants in 1766, but was afterwards abandoned.

The lands in general, on each side of the river, are rich, low, or swampy, admirably adapted for the culture of rice or corn. The great number of rivulets which fall into this river from the high circumjacent country, may be led over any part of the rice lands, at any season of the year. The numerous islands at the mouth of the river, some of very considerable extent, are not inferior for rice to any in America. The settlements made by Messrs. Tait and Mitchell, Captain Johnson, Mr. McKinnon, and some others, are very evident proofs of this assertion; who within two years of their first settlement, had nearly cleared all the expences they had been at in making very considerable establishments; and would entirely have done it in another year, had not the Spaniards taken possession of the country.]

ESCANDON, a city of the province and government of La Sierra Gorda, on the coast of the bay of Mexico, and kingdom of Nueva España; founded by the colonel of the militia of Queretaro, Don Joseph Escandon, Count of Sierra Gorda, who thus called it after his own name, in 1748.

ESCAPUZALCO, a settlement of the alcaldía mayor of Nueva España. It is the head settlement of the district, and lies on the direct road which leads to Popantla. It is one of the best settlements of this jurisdiction, in which many Spanish families have established themselves. It contains also 535 families of Indians, and a convent of the religious order of St. Domingo. Formerly, and in the time of the Gentile Indians, it was a court, and the place where all the valuables of gold and silver were manufactured for the Emperor Motezuma; where also was a foundery of metals, the artificers being noted for their great skill and ingenuity: indeed, at the present time, the brass-founderies are much celebrated, and in them are cast bells, keys, and hinges. It is three quarters of a league from Tacuba.

ESCARA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Chichas and Tarija, in the arch

bishopric of Charcas and kingdom of Peru; annexed to the curacy of its capital.

ESCATARI, a small island of N. America; five leagues to the n. of Louisburg in Cape Breton.

ESCATEOPAN, SANTA MARIA DE, a settlement and head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Zacualpa in Nueva España. It contains 175 families of Mexican Indians, and is 32 leagues to the s. w. of Mexico.

ESCLAVOS, a settlement of the province and kingdom of Guatemala.

ESCOBAR, a river of the province and government of Buenos Ayres. It runs s. and enters the Rio Negro.

ESCOCIA. See ACADIA.

ESCOIPE, a settlement of the province and government of Tucumán in Peru, belonging to the jurisdiction of the city of Salta, and annexed to the curacy of Chuquiana.

ESCOLLOS, some isles of the S. sea, near the coast of Peru, in the province and corregimiento of Nasca..

ESCONDIDO, Port, on the coast of the province and government of Venezuela. It is large, convenient, and much frequented by foreign vessels, who come to carry on a contraband trade on these coasts. It is in the peninsula of Paraguana, between cape San Roman and the point Macolla.

ESCONDIDO, another port, on the coast of the gulf of California, or Red sea of Cortes, opposite the island Carmen.

ESCONDIDO, another, on the s. coast of the island of Cuba, between the ports Yatera and Guan

tanamo.

ESCONDIDO, another, on the coast of the province and alcaldía mayor of Tabasco in Nueva España. It is one of the three entrances of the lake Terminos, which are formed by the islands of Tris.

ESCONDIDO, a cape or point of land of the coast of Florida; one of those which form the bay of Apalache.

ESCORGOVIVE, a river of the province and captainship of Seara in Brazil. It enters the sea between the point Calta and the port Aborroen.

ESCOVEDO, Mountain of, a settlement of the head settlement of the district and alcaldia mayor of Xerez in Nueva España. Seven leagues s. w.. of its capital.

ESCUDO River, in Veragua, of the province and government of this name, and of the kingdom of Tierra Firme. It rises in the mountains of the

gold mines of Guerrero, and enters the sea opposite the island of its name.

ESCUITLA, a settlement of the province and kingdom of Guatemala.

ESCUPIL, a small river of the province and government of Paraguay. It runs s. s. e. and enters the Gatima.

ESHEZET-TOOK, a settlement of the province and colony of Nova Scotia or Acadia; situate on the s. coast, on the shore of the port and cape of Gidore.

ESMERALDAS, a town of the captainship of Caracas; situate on the n. shore of the river Orinoco, near the place where this river communicates with the river Negro by the canal of Casiriaqui. Lat. 3° 11' n. Long. 66° 3' w.

ESMERALDAS, or ATACAMES, a province and government of the kingdon of Quito; situate between the two jurisdictions of Guayaquil and Barbacoas, on the coast of the S. sea; bounded by the province of Popayán at the settlement of Usmál, which is the line of division which on the s. separates it from the district of Guayaquil; on the w. by the provinces of Quito and Ibarra. It is 56 leagues in length, enjoys different temperatures, is very fertile, and abounds in all kinds of productions; the principal of which, and such as in which it traffics, are wax, copal, balsams, tar, pitch, bainilla, achote, brambles, the herb of which indigo is made, tobacco, and cacao of a most excellent quality, and such as is esteemed even above that of Guayaquil. In its mountains grow the most exquisite sorts of woods. It is watered by several rivers; the principal of which are the Mira and the Santiago. These rivers are navigable, and upon their shores and in their creeks there is found washed up in their sand a considerable portion of gold; the same having, in all probability, been rubbed off from some of the many mines of this metal which these waters lave. The said mines, when worked, have produced, on account of their advantageous situation, more riches than even the mines of Barbacoas. This province abounds greatly in cattle, and has likewise mines of excellent emeralds, and from this circumstance it takes its name. It was, as it were, uncultivated and neglected, through ignorance of its fertility and riches, until the same. were discovered by Sebastian de Benalcazar, who also succeeded in subduing it. In 1621, its government and population surrendered to the Captain Pablo Durango Delgadillo; at the same time stipulating or obliging itself to suffer a pass to be opened through it as a communication to the other

provinces of Rey. This communication, however, was never put into effect, neither by the present conqueror nor by Francisco Perez Menacho, who obtained the same favour in 1626. Neither was the object obtained by Vicente Justiniani, a short time afterwards, nor by Don Hernando de Soto Calderon, in 1713, until that the king granted the government to Don Pedro Maldonado y Sotomayor, a gentleman of the bed-chamber, an illustrious American, and a native of Quito. He indeed was the true discoverer of these treasures in 1746; and his early death, which occurred in London, deprived the state of services which would eventually have succeeded in making this one of the most opulent and flourishing colonies of America, considering the advantages it possesses, and which he had not failed to increase, having been busied already in opening a road of connection to it from Quito, but which is at present entirely abandoned. He also founded various settlements, in order to establish its commerce in the five seaports which it possesses, and of which the principal or capital is Limones.

ESMERALDAS, with the dedicatory title of San Mateo, a settlement of the former province and government; situate on the coast of the S. sea, on a long strip of land which forms the mouth of the river Guaillabamba, on the shores of which, at no great distance from the sea, it was first founded; but it was afterwards removed for the convenience of a port, which is now much frequented by vessels which come to lade with the productions of this province. Lat. 53° n. Long. 79° 25' w.

ESMERALDAS, another, of the province and corregimiento of Pasto in the kingdom of Quito.

ESMERALDAS, a large and abundant river of the province and government of its name, in the kingdom of Quito. It rises in the mountains of Pasto, near the settlement of Tulcán, and enters the S. sea in the bay of S. Mateo, first collecting the waters of many other streams.

ESMERALDAS, another river, of the province and captainship of Puerto Seguro in Brazil. It rises in the mountains of this province, in the which are mines of emerald, runs s. s. w. and enters the river Doce or Dulce.

ESMITA, a river of the province and government of Popayán. It runs . until it unites itself with the Boxolco, with which it runs to the n. w. and then entering the Quilcase, empties itself into the Timbio, on the s. side, in lat. 2o 21' n.

ESMORACA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Chichas and Tarija in Peru, and