kingdom of Quito, with a small port in the S. sea, which is shallow, and fit only for small vessels.

ISSER, a small island of the gulf of S. Lawrence, in the province of Nova Scotia, close to the e. coast of the great island of Anticosti.

ISTAPA, BARRA DE, a point of land, nearly disjoined from the mainland, on the coast of the S. sea, in the province and alcaldía mayor of Suchitepec in the kingdom of Guatemala. ISTMO DE PANAMA, or DEL DARIEN. [See PANAMA.]

ISTULANA, a settlement of the province and government of Tucumán in Peru, and jurisdiction of the city of Santiago del Estero. It has been destroyed and laid waste by the infidel Indians.

ITA, a settlement of the province and government of Paraguay; situate on the shore of a river of the same name, and s. of the city of La Asuncion.

ITABAGUA, a small river of the province and captainship of Pará in Brazil. It runs n. and enters the Xingú.

ITABERABA, a town of the province and captainship of Pernambuco in Brazil; situate near the coast.

ITABOCA, or ALCOBACA, a settlement of the province and captainship of Para in Brazil, on the w. shore of the river Tocantines.

ITABOCA, a fall of the above river; the same which impeded the Portuguese from ascending the river further, when about to investigate the country which is filled with Tocantines Indians. This fall is in lat. 3° 49' s.

ITABUCU, a large river of the province and government of Paraguay, to the e. of the nation of the Guaranies Indians. It runs e. and enters the Atlantic.

ITACAMBIRA, a settlement or village of the Portuguese, in the province and captainship of Puerto Seguro in Brazil, on the shore and at the source of the river Verde.

ITACEROMIN, a small island near the coast of the province and captainship of Marañan in Brazil, between the river Marañan and the bar of Cuma.

ITACORUSA, a settlement of the province and captainship of Pará in Brazil; situate on the shore of the river Xingú, near where this enters the Marañon.

ITACUATIARA, BARRA DE, a shoal of rock at the entrance or mouth of the river of this name, in the province and captainship of San Vicente and kingdom of Brazil.

ITA EMBE, a river of the province and govern

ment of Paraguay, which runs e. and enters the Paraná.

ITAGUARI, IGARI, or MENICI, a river of the province and government of Paraguay, which runs s. s. e. and enters the Iviñeyma.

ITAI, a river of the same province and government as the former. It enters the Uruguay be tween the Paraguay and the Naumby.

ITALAQUE, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Larecaxa in Peru.

ITAMAN, a river of the province and captainship of San Vicente in Brazil, which runs e. and turning afterwards to s. enters the sea.

ITAMARACA, a province and captainship of the kingdom of Brazil; bounded n. by the province of Paraiba, s. by that of Pernambuco, e. by the sea, and w. by the country of the Tapuyos Indians. It is irrigated by the river of Los Marcos, and is very fertile in tobacco, cotton, Brazil wood, and more particularly in sugar-canes, from which a very considerable quantity of sugar is made. The climate is very hot. This captainship was founded by Pedro Lopez de Sousa, who, having obtained, as a reward for his services per formed in America, 50 leagues of territory from the king of Portugal Don Juan III. took this cap tuinship as a part of the same. It afterwards, by female succession, descended to the house of the Marquises of Cascaes.

ITAMARACA, the capital, is of the same name, with the dedicatory title of Nuestra Señora de la Concepcion; situate on the top of a mountain in the island. It is small, and contains 200 house. keepers, with a port, which makes its commerce respectable, a parish church, three large sugar mills, and many cultivated estates; so that it abounds in the necessaries of life. In the city are two companies of Portuguese troops, which serve as a garrison. The French made themselves masters of it, and kept it till 1635. It is 13 miles n. of Olinda. Lat. 8° 0's. Long. 35° 6' w.

ITAMARACA, an island, which is a part of the above province, and in which the capital is situate, at the entrance of the river of Los Marcos; three leagues long, one wide, and eight in circumference, and having a good fort, which was built by the Dutch, with the name of Orange, in 1640, when they made themselves masters of the island.

ITAMBEI, a settlement of the province and government of Buenos Ayres; situate on the shore of the river Treviana.

ITAMBIRA, a settlement of the province and captainship of Espiritu Santo in Brazil; situate on

the shore of the river Dulce.

ITAMHAEN, or TUNHAM, a river of the pro

vince and captainship of Puerto Seguro in Brazil, which runs e. and enters the sea between the rivers Caravelas and Sarnabitiva.

ITAMUGAS, a river of the province and captainship of San Vicente in Brazil, which runs e. and turning s. enters the sea.

ITAN, a small river of the kingdom of Chile. ITAPE, a settlement of the province and government of Paraguay.

ITAPEBA, a river of the province and captainship of San Pablo in Brazil, which rises in the mountains near the coast, runs n. w. and unites itself with the Rio Negro to enter the Grande of Curituba or Iguazú.

ITAPEBA, a point of land on the coast of the province and captainship of Rey in Brazil, which runs into the sea, forming a gulf or port.

ITAPO, a settlement of the province and government of Buenos Ayres in Peru; situate on the shore of the river Guarapambi.

ITAPUA, a small river of the province and government of Paraguay, which enters the Uruguay opposite the settlement of the mission of Los Már

tires.

ITAPUA, a settlement of the missions which were held by the regulars of the Jesuits in the province and government of Paraguay; situate on the shore of the Paraná, on a peninsula formed by two other small rivers, which run into the Paraná.

ITAPUAMA, a town of the province and captainship of Sergipe in Brazil.

ITAPUCA-GUAZU, a river of the province and government of Paraguay, which runs w. between the Itapuca-mini and the sierra of Los Quince Puntos, and enters the Paraguay.

ITAPI CA-MINI, a river of the same province and government as the former, which also runs w. and enters the Paraguay.

the n. of the city of Concepcion, near to Imperial' through a deep ravine. Although it may be waded, it is generally crossed by rafts. After receiving the waters of another river, called Nubbe, it enters the sea in lat. 36° s. [On the shores of this river are the best grapes to be found in Chile.] ITATA, a settlement of the province of Gaira and government of Paraguay; situate on the shore of the river Yaguari.

ITARA, a river of the province and government of Guayana or Nueva Andalucía, which rises in the country of the Paraparucotas Indians, runs n. and turning w. enters, much increased with the waters it collects, into the Orinoco, to the w. of Ciudad Real.

ITASARI, a river of the province of Xibaros in the kingdom of Quito, which runs s. w. to the e. of the river Marañon, and enters the same in lat. So 5' s.

ITATI, a settlement of the province and government of Paraguay; situate at the mouth of the river Paraná, to the e. of the city of Corrientes. ITATIN, a settlement of the province and government of Paraguay; once situate on the shore of the river of its name, but destroyed by the infidel Indians.

ITATA, a province and corregimiento of the kingdom of Chile; bounded s. by the province of Puchacay, and n. by that of Maule, being divided from the same by the river of this name. It is very fertile, and covered with estates.

ITATA, a river of the same kingdom, which rises in the mountains of its cordillera, and runs e. to

ITATINES, a barbarous nation of Indians, dwelling on the borders of the river Paraguay towards the e. between the river Iguarú to the s. and the Mbotetey to the n. The Jesuits established amongst them a mission, and founded the settlements of Igaripe and Nuestra Señora de la Esperanza; but a short time afterwards they were abandoned by the natives, who fled to their woods and former haunts.

ITAYA, a lake of the province and government of Quixos and Macas in the kingdom of Quito, on the shore of the river Napo, and n. n. e. of the other lake, called Capuan.

ITAZU, or ITATU. See PEQUERI.

ITENES, a large and abundant river of the province and government of Moxos in the kingdom of Quito, which rises in the territory of Matogroso, possessed by the Portuguese, runs s. and forming a semicircle, follows its course to n. n. w. and after running many leagues, collects the waters of the Ubay and Baure, incorporating itself with the Marmoré, in lat. 11° 55' s. It then receives the waters of the Castela, and with the name of Madera enters the Marañon or Amazons, by the s. part, in lat. 3° 13′ 18′′ s. On the e. shore is the settlement of La Reduccion de Santa Rosa de la Estacada, which was invaded by the Portuguese in 1761, who fortified it with two redoubts.

ITIQUIRA, a small river of the district of Cuyab in the kingdom of Brazil, which rises in the mountains, runs n. w. and enters that of Los Porrudos about its mid-course, to run into the great lake of Los Xareyes. The geographer Don Juan de la Cruz calls it Itucúra, and gives it a w. course.

ITOCO, a settlement of the jurisdiction of Muzo, in the corregimiento and province of Tunja, of the Nuevo Reyno de Granada. It is very poor

and reduced; but celebrated for its fine emerald. mine of its name, from whence have been extracted these precious stones, admirable alike for their size and quality, though at present it yields nothing of consideration. The population of this settlement consists of 50 housekeepers and a very few Indians. Near it, on a mountain of the same name, is a stone-slab, on which is the print of an human foot, and which they say was of that of St. Thomas. It is about eight miles in a s. w. direction from Tunja. Lat. 5° 24' n. Long. 73° 49' w.

ITOTOS, a barbarous and numerous nation of Indians, of the province and government of Santa Marta in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada, who dwell in the mountains to the w. of the valley of Upár. They are but little known.

ITU, a settlement of the missions which were held by the Jesuits in the province and government of Paraguay, on the shore of the river Uruguay, near where this joins the river La Plata.

ITUATA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Carabaya in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Ayapata.

ITUCALES, a barbarous nation of Indians, inhabiting the woods to the n. of the Marañon. These savages are few, and bounded by the nation of the Urarinas, from whom they are thought to have descended.

ITUCARA, a small river of the province and government of Paraguay, which enters the Pica

zuru.

ITUZAINGO, a river of the province and government of Paraguay, which runs s. and enters the Ibiquei-guazu.

[IWANEE, a little town near St. Jago de Cuba, where a small remnant of the ancient Indians live, who have adopted the manners and language of the Spaniards.]

IXCALPAN, a settlement and head settlement of the district of Cotaztla, and alcaldia mayor of Tuxtla, in Nueva España; containing 35 families of Indians, and being close to the settlement of Rinconada.

IXCANTEPEC, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Juquila, and alcaldía mayor of Xicayán, in the same kingdom. It contains 33 families of Indians, and is 28 leagues e. with a slight inclination to n. of the capital.

IXCAPA, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Atoyaque, and alcaldía mayor of Xicayán. It contains 40 families of Indians, who occupy themselves in the cultivation and commerce of cochineal, tobacco, seeds, and cotton.

Eleven leagues w. with a slight inclination to n. of its head settlement.

IXCATEOPAN, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Tlapa in the same kingdom. It contains 150 families of Indians, whose commerce consists in making loafsugar, the soil abounding in sugar-canes. Two leagues n. e. of its capital.

IXCATLAN, a settlement of the head settlement of the district and alcaldia mayor of Huejutla in the same kingdom; situate on a dry and barren eminence of a warm temperature, and containing 170 families of Mexican Indians, who cultivate greatly magueyes, from which they extract pulque and honey. Five leagues from its capital.

IXCATLAN, another settlement, which is the head settlement of the district of the alcaldia mayor of Teutila in the same kingdom: of a warm and moist temperature, and containing 500 families of Indians, including those of the wards of its district, who employ themselves in the cultivation and commerce of cochineal and baynilla. Nine leagues s. of its capital.

IXCUNTLA, a settlement and head settlement of the district of the alcaldia mayor of Sentipác in the same kingdom. It contains 30 families of Indians, and a convent of the religious order of San Francisco: of a warm temperature, and eight leagues from its capital.

IXHUATLA, SAN CHRISTOVAL DE, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Moloacán, and alcaldía mayor of Acayuca, in Nueva España: of an hot temperature, and containing 47 families of Indians. Eighteen leagues n. e. of the capital.

IXHUATLAN, SAN PEDRO DE, a settlement and head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor and jurisdiction of Córdoba in Nueva España. In its neighbourhood passes a river which fertilizes its territory, and is full of trout and other fine, though small fish: of a mild temperature, and inhabited by 210 families of Indians. Five leagues n. w. of its capital.

IXHUATLAN, another settlement, in the alcaldia mayor of Orizaba of the same kingdom: of a cold temperature, and containing 161 families of Indians, who trade by cutting of wood, fuel, and making charcoal, the only proaction of the place. One league n. w. of its capital.

IXHUATLAN, another, of the head settlement of the district of Chapala, and alcaldía mayor of Zayúla, in the same kingdom. It contains 75 families of Indians, and is two leagues n. of its head settlement.

IXLAHUACAN DE LOS REYES, a settlement

and head settlement of the district of the alcaldia mayor of Xalapa in Nueva España; situate on a rough and broken territory, watered by three large rivers, which flow from a mountain called Cofre de Perote, to the n. w. The name of this settlement is taken from a stream which intersects it, and which runs only in the rainy season. The population consists of four families of Spaniards, 40 of Mustees and Mulattoes, and 62 of Indians. Its principal trade consists in the purgative medicine called jalap, which grows here in great abundance, and is carried for sale to Vera Cruz, to be conveyed to Europe. Nine leagues w. s. w. of its capital.

IX MALHUACAN, SANTIAGO DE, a settlement of the head settlement of the district and alcaldía mayor of Cozamaloapán in Nueva España; situate in the centre of the top of an elevated mountain, on the side of which is a large llano or plain, scant of water, the want of which the inhabitants supply by wells, although this water is thick and unwholesome. It contains 192 families of Indians, and is two leagues w. of its head settlement.

IXMIQUILPAN, an alcaldía mayor and jurisdiction of the kingdom of Nueva España; bounded e. by the jurisdiction of Mextitlan, s. w. by that of Tula, w. by that of Huachipá, and n. by that of Zinapán. It is 14 leagues in length from e. to w. and 11 in width from n. to s. Its temperature is, for the most part, mild, although it is not without some settlements where the heat and cold are in the extremes. Its principal productions are hemp and cotton; of the first is made rigging for ships, and of the latter many kinds of woven stuffs: these, together with the cattle, of which there are large breeds, affording a very considerable commerce. The inhabitants also sow seed and grain; but the harvests, from drought, are but small, and only in the head settlement of Orizaba are they abundant, being there fertilized by the river Mextitlan, the only river of this province. Its population consists of the following settlements. Santa Maria,

San Agustin,

Ixtlatlaxco,

Cardonál,

The capital is of the same name; of a dry and hot temperature; of extreme heat in the summer, and cold in the winter; scanty in vegetable pro

ductions, as it is in water. It has in its territory three small settlements or wards, and a sumptuous temple of the religious Augustins, the same being the priory of the province. The population consists of 600 families of Spaniards, Mustees, and Mulattoes, employed in making rigging and cotton garments, and in breeding cattle. Seventy-five miles n. e. of Mexico, in lat. 20° 26' n. Long. 98° 20' w.

IXPALTEPEC, a settlement of the head settlement of the district and alcaldia mayor of Juxtlahuaca in Nueva España. It contains 118 families of Indians.

IXQUINTANONOYAC, a settlement of the jurisdiction and alcaldía mayor of Tlapa in Nueva España, containing 40 families of Indians.

IXQUINTEPEC PENOLES, an alcaldía mayor and jurisdiction of the kingdom of Nueva España; much reduced; of a rough, mountainous, and barren soil, and cold temperature, producing nothing but maize, which affords the only article of trade to the natives, except that of cutting wood, the country being covered with fir and other timber, with which they supply the other jurisdictions.

The capital is the settlement of the same name: Its population consists of 50 families of Miztecos Indians and 12 of Mustees: 185 miles to the s. e. of Mexico, in lat. 17° 45' and in long. 98°. The other settlements of this alcaldía mayor are, S. Juan Elotepec, S. Pedro Chilapa, Santiago Tlazoyaltepec, Sta. Catalina Estetla, S. Pedro Totomachapa, S. Mateo Tepantepec. Sta. Maria Huitepec,

IXTAC, SAN FRANCISCO DE, a settlement and head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of San Juan de los Llanos in Nueva España." It contains 480 families of Indians, including those of Maztalán. Six leagues n. e. of its capital.

IXTACALCO, SAN MATIAS DE, a settlement of the province and alcaldía mayor of Mexilcalzinco in Nueva España; situate in the great lake of Chalco. It has a convent of the religious order of San Francisco. It is very fertile and pleasant, and serves as a place of recreation in the spring to the people of Mexico, who go to it by the lake in canoes covered with flowers, and with bands of music. This settlement is between Mexico and Mexilcatzinco, a little more than a league from

each.

IXTACAYOTLA, SAN LORENZO DE, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Tepehuacan, and alcaldía mayor of Mextitlan, in Nueva España; containing 245 families of Indians, and very close at the e. of the capital.

IXTALUTLA, a settlement of the alcaldía mayor of Teozaqualco in Nueva España; contain ing 48 families of Indians, who cultivate cochineal and some maize. Seven leagues s. of its head settlement.

IXTAPA, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Palmar, and alcaldía mayor of Tepeaca, in Nueva España. It contains four families of Spaniards, as many of Mustees, and 18 of Indians. At the distance of four leagues is a water-mill for grinding wheat, and near to it is a farm of small cattle, and three cultivated estates. Four leagues from its head settlement.

IXTAPA, another settlement, with the dedicatory title of San Miguel, in the head settlement of San Francisco del Valle, and alcaldia mayor of Zultepéc, in the same kingdom. It contains 102 familes of Indians, who trade in salt; and is situate on a plain of a very hot temperature, being annexed to the curacy of Texupilco, from whence it is three leagues distant to the s.

IXTAPA, another, of the head settlement of Juquila, and alcaldía mayor of Xicayan, in the same kingdom. It contains 62 families, and is 30 leagues n. of its capital.

IXTAPA, another, of the head settlement of Escateopán, and alcaldía mayor of Mexilcaltzinco, in Nueva España; half a league to the e. of Mexico, and containing 130 families of Indians.

IXTAPALUCAN, a settlement of the alcaldía mayor of Chalco in Nueva España. It contains 125 families of Indians, and a convent of the religious order of S. Domingo. Two leagues n. of its capital.

IXTAPAS, SAN MIGUEL DE, a settlement of the head settlement of San Francisco del Valle, and alcaldía mayor of Zultepec, in Nueva España; situate on an extensive llano or plain of a mild temperature, and annexed to the curacy of its capital, from whence it is seven leagues distant. It contains 59 families of Indians, dedicated to the cultivation of sugar-canes, of which they make much sugar and honey.

IXTATEPEC, SANTIAGO DE, a settlement of the head settlement of Teutalpán, and alcaldía mayor of Zacatlan, in Nueva España; distant two leagues and an half from its head settlement.

IXTATEPEC, another settlement, with the dedicatory title of Santa Cruz; the head settlement of the district of the alcaldia mayor of Antequera in Nueva Espana; of a cold temperature. It contains a convent of the religious order of S. Domingo, and 700 families of Indians, who live by the cultivating and trading in cochineal, and making cotton stuffs. Seven leagues from its capital.

IXTEPEXI, a jurisdiction and alcaldía mayor of Nueva España, in the province and bishopric of Oaxaca. Although it is very extensive, it contains no more than three settlements, which are head settlements of districts, and small wards, where the natives cultivate cochineal and cotton, of which they make various kinds of woven stuffs.

The capital is of the same name, with the dedicatory title of Santa Catalina; of an hot temperature. It contains 550 families of Indians, includ. ing those of the wards or small settlements in its district, who are occupied in the cultivation of cochineal, in which they trade. One hundred and ninety-two miles s. e. of Mexico, and 26 from the city of Oaxaca, in lat. 17°. Long. 96° 55'. The other settlements are San Juan de Chicomesuchil and San Mateo Calpulalpa.

IXTLA, a settlement of the head settlement of Xoxutla, and alcaldía mayor of Cuernavaca, in Nueva España.

IXTLAHUACA, a settlement and head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Metepéc in Nueva España. It contains 1740 families of Indians, and is seven leagues n. e. of its capital.

IXTLAHUACA, another settlement, the head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Colima in the same kingdom; situate between two lofty mountains, from whence flow down many streams, which irrigate and render fertile the country. It produces various vegetable productions, and abundance of maize, in the cultivation of which the inhabitants are employed. The population amounts to 132 families of Indians, and it is nine leagues e. of its capital.

of

IXTLAHUACAN, SAN MATEO DE, a settlement of the head settlement and alcaldía mayor Tezcoco in Nueva España. It is of a cold temperature, annexed to the curacy of Tezcontepec, and contains 114 families of Indians. Eight leagues n. of its capital.

IXTLAHUACAN, another settlement, in the head settlement and alcaldía mayor of Autlán, of the same kingdom. It contains 15 families of Indians, and jis very close to the settlement of Exutla.

IXTLAPA, a settlement of the alcaldia mayor and jurisdiction of Tula in Nueva España; annexed to the curacy of its capital, a league and an half from the same, and containing 130 Indian families.

IXTLAN, a settlement and head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Xala in Nueva España. It contains 84 families of Indians, and some Mustees and Mulattoes; is of a cold temperature; and in its district are various mills, in which are made sugar and honey, in which the