[HUNTSVILLE, a post-town in N. Carolina, nine miles from Bethania, and 16 from Rock ford.]

HUQUIA, a settlement of the province and government of Tucumán, in the juristliction of Jujue; situate on the shore of the river Laquiaca.

[HURLEY, a township in Ulster county, New York, containing 847 inhabitants, of whom 116 are electors, and 245 slaves. The compact part contains about 30 houses; situated on Esopus kill, about five miles from the w. bank of Hudson's river, and 100 n. of New York. The lands around it are low and fertile, but infested with wild onions.

[HURON, one of the five principal n. lakes. It lies between lat. 43° 17′ and 46° 40' n. and be tween long. 79° 35′ and 84° 6' w. and is reckoned to be upwards of 1000 miles in circumference. The fish are of the same kind as in lake Superior, and it communicates with that lake through the the straits of St. Marie on the n. w. with Michigan on the w. and with Erie on the s. It is of a triangular shape, and on the s. w. part is Saguinum or Sagana bay, 80 miles in length, and about 18 or 20 in breadth; the other most remarkable bay is THUNDER Bay, which see; also see MANATAULIN Island, and MICHILLIMAKKINACK. On the banks of the lake are found amazing quantities of sand cherries. The land bordering on the w. shore of the lake is greatly inferior in quality to that on lake Erie. It is mixed with sand and small stones, and is principally covered with pines, birch, and some oaks; but a little distance from the lake the soil is very luxuriant. Twenty years ago, part of the Indian nations, called Chepaways and Ottawas, who inhabited round Saguinum bay, and on the banks of the lake, could furnish 200 warriors; and those of the latter nation, who lived on the e. side of lake Michigan, 2! miles from Michillimakkinack, could furnish the same number.]

[URON, a small river of the N.W. Territory, which, after a course of 25 miles, falls into lake St. Clair from the n. w. Gnadenhuetten lies on this river. Also the name of another small river in the same territory, which runs n. e. into lake Erie, 40 miles w. of Cayahoga, and 15 s. e. of the mouth of Sandusky lake.]

HURONES, a barbarous nation of Indians, who live near the former lake, in Canada. Their true name is Yendats, which they have lost for another given them by the French; for these seeing their very short hair, and willing to express their surprise at the curious appearance these Indians manifested, exclaimed "quells heures," and from

thence they were afterwards called Hurones. If we may credit the traditions of this nation, it was formerly divided into four cantons or settlements, which afterwards increased to six, and from this augmentation it was that this nation is so much comparatively larger than those which surround it. The country that these Indians inhabited at the beginning of the last century [1700] had for limits the lake Erie to the s. the Huron to the w. and the Ontario to the e. It is situate between lat. 42° and 45° n. and in it were very many settlements. The number of souls at the present day amount to 50,000. The territory is not the most fertile of New France; but some parts of it are so. It is of a healtby climate; and notwithstanding all that the French have experienced here from scarcity and other ca amities, in consequence of the wars, no one ever died here of sickness. It abounds in beautiful prairies, which produce much wheat, and it would produce other fruits were it cultivated. The woods are full of trees, especially of cedars, which are very lofty and bulky. It is watered by many rivers of delicate water, and it is said that there are found here certain stones, which may be melted down like metals, and which contain veins of silver. We also learn, by the assurances of some historians, that some of the rarest animals are found in this country; the one a bird which mews like a cat, another a kind of hare which sings like a bird, the flesh of which is delicate to eat. The Hurones have maintained a cruel and bloody war for many years with the Iroquees and the Algonquines, who were formerly their allies; and in this war the numbers of either of the parties engaged has considerably diminished, according to the history written by the Father Pedro Xavier de Charlevoix. This author says, that its government, customs, and religion, is a chaos impossible to be comprehended. The French regulars of the company of Jesuits established some missions amongst the natives to reduce them to the Catholic faith, and the Father Brebeuf, who assisted at them for many years, wrote several particulars touching their laws and extravagancies.

HUYLLANES, a barbarous nation of Indians, who inhabit the straits of Magellan on the s. part; being scattered over the islands of the Tierra del Fuego, and being descended from the Chunianis, who inhabit another part to the n. of the strait.

[HYANIS Road. See BARNSTABLE in Massachusetts.] [HYCO-OTEE, or Hycoo, a small river which EE,

empties into the Dan, about four miles above the mouth of Staunton river.]

[HYDE, a maritime county in Newbern district, N. Carolina; bounded e. by the ocean, w. by Beaufort county, n. by Tyrrel, and s. by Car

teret.

It contains 4120 inhabitants, of whom 1048 are slaves.]

[HYDESPARK, a township in Orleans county in Vermont; containing 43 inhabitants.]

[IAGO. See SANTIAGO.]

[IATA, a bay on the coast of Chile.] IBAGUE, SAN BONIFACIO DE, a city of the corregimiento of Mariquita in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada, founded in 1550, in the valley of Las Lanzas, by the oidor of Santa Fé, Andres Lopez de Galarza, and translated the following year to where it now stands. Its temperature is very hot, although healthy. It abounds in mines of copper, gold, quicksilver, and loadstone. Here are large breeds of neat cattle and horses. It produces cacao, rice, sugar-canes, maize, yucas, batatas, palillas or water-melons, pomegranates, and many other vegetable productions, by which it carries on a great commerce; but it is much infested with mosquitoes, and various other venomous insects. The rivers Chipalo and Combeima run near the city, and upon their shores the natives find and wash much gold. These, the natives, are esteemed to be ingenious, courteous, and of good dispositions. Here is a convent of the monks of St. Domingo; and one of the same order, called Fr. Francisco de la Cruz, discovered a rich quicksilver mine, which is however not worked. This city was ruined in 1592 by the Pijaos Indians. At present its population amounts to 400 housekeepers. It is 70 miles to the w. s. w. of Santa Fé, and 23 from Tocaima, in the road which leads to Cali, Buga, Anserma, and also to Popayán. Lat. 4° 28' n. Long. 75° 18' w.

IBAPOI, a river of the province and colony of Surinam. It runs into the sea on the e. coast, between the city of Middlebourg and the mouth of the river Demerary.

IBARAI, a small river of the province and government of Buenos Ayres, which runs w. and enters the Ibiquei-guazú.

IBARAINA, a settlement of the same province and government as the former river; situate on the shore of the river Cavacuan.

IBARRA, a province and corregimiento of the kingdom of Quito; bounded e. by the province of Sucumbios, and by the woods inhabited by the ancient nation of Cofanes Indians; n. by the province of Pastos, w. by that of Esmeraldas, and s. by that of Otavalo. It is 20 leagues in length from n. w. to s. e. Its climate is for the most part hot, but extremely fertile; and it abounds in sugarcanes, of which much and fine sugar is manufactured. Here grow great quantities of cotton, and every kind of fruit, as well European as Ame rican. Its principal commerce consists in the very fine woven cotton stuffs; and this province supplies the whole kingdom with stockings, caps, gloves, flags or colours, coverlets, &c. The whole of this jurisdiction is scattered with well cultivated estates; in which many Indians and Negroes are employed. The wheat produced here is esteemed the very best, and the conserve of Guayobas or of the fruit of the Guava-tree, that is made here, is in much request at Quito. It is watered and fertilized by many rivers: those of the greatest estimation are the Pisco, the Taguando, and the Blanco; all of which united form the Mira. Its population consists of 16 settlements, and these are,

Cayambe, Tabacundo, Mira, Pimampiro,

Otaválo,

Urcuqui, Fontaqui, Cotacache, S. Pablo, Quilca, Caguasqui,

Lachas,
Cayapas.

IBARRA, the capital, is the town of the same name, with the dedicatory title of S. Miguel, founded by the president of the audience of Quito, Don Alvaro de Ibarra, oidor of the audience of Lima, who gave it his name, in 1597. It is situate on an extensive and delightful plain, watered on

the e. by the river Taguando, and w. by the Ajavi. It is of a mild and healthy temperature, extremely fertile, and abounding in cattle, sugar, honey, sweetmeats, and fruits. In its looms much fine cloth and cotton stuffs are manufactured, by all of which it maintains a rich commerce. The great church is a sumptuous building, and might pass for a cathedral in any part of the world. The streets are wide, straight, and convenient, and the buildings are of good construction. It has four convents of the following religious orders, St. Domingo, S. Francisco, La Merced, and S. Agustin; a college which belonged to the regulars of the extinguished company of Jesuits, a monastery of nuns of La Concepcion, and an hospital. The exterior of the town is adorned by different wards inhabited by Indians. Its population amounts to 12,000 souls, of both sexes and all ages. It is the native place of the Father Raymundo de Santa Cruz, of the extinguished company, a singular apostolical missionary in the province of Mainas. It is 42 miles n. e. from Quito, and 75 s. w. from Pasto, in lat. 20′ n. and long. 77° 55' w.

IBARRA, a settlement and real of the silver mines in the jurisdiction and alcaldía mayor of Los Asientos, in Nueva Galicia, and bishopric of Guadalaxara, where some families of Spaniards, Mustees, and Indians reside, although in no great numbers, owing to the failure of the mines. These were first discovered by a malefactor who had retired to the mountains, and who, endeavouring to strike a light by some pieces of stone, discovered to fly from them small particles of silver. A labourer called Aparicio, whilst pursuing some strayed cows, also discovered in another part, called Teitiqui, a rock completely set with silver. It is 118 miles to the n. e. of Guadalaxara, 36 from Aguas Calientes, and 27 from Zacatecas, in lat. 22° 32′ 30′′ n. and long. 101° 24′ w.

IBATUCATU, SIERRA DE, mountains in the province and captainship of the Rio Janeiro in Brazil, which run to s. s.e. near the river Paranápané, and following the course of this river.

IBAY, IBIRAY or IBAXIBA, as some will have it, a river of the province and government of Paraguay, which runs n. w. for many leagues, and enters the Paraná on the e. side.

IBERA, LAGUNA, a large lake or morass, of the province and government of Paraguay, between the river Paraguay to the n. w. and the Uruguay to the s. e. in the country of the Charruas Indians, who formerly dwelt upon its shores. In the middle it has some small islands, and two canals, the one to the s. e. which enters the UruVOL. II.

guay, the other to the s. w. which runs to the Paraná. It is in lat. 28° 7′ s.

IBERVILLE, a river or canal of New France, which traversing in its course, for upwards of 160 miles, the lakes Maarepas and Pontchartain, enters the bay of Espiritu Santo. Its width does not exceed 40 or 50 yards, and at its origin its depth does not exceed two or three feet; afterwards, however, it becomes a very large river. It takes its name from Mr. Iberville, who, at the beginning of the year 1700, built a little fort near the bay of Bilcoli, where he left 50 men well provided with every necessary. The French, in endeavouring to avoid the danger and difficulty of navigating the principal mouth of the Mississippi, have found this the readiest and surest pass, and it is now some time since they first adopted it. It was on this account that the river became part of their frontier, for it was agreed in the peace of 1762, that the confines between the dominions of the crowns of England and France should be thenceforward irrevocably fixed by a line drawn by the river Mississippi, from its source up to the river Iberville, and another through the middle of this, and through the lakes Maurepas and Pontchartrain, as far as the sea.

IBIA-PANA, a settlement or village of the Portuguese, in Brazil.

IBICAY-MINI, a river of the province and government of Paraguay. It runs n. n. w. and enters the Picazaru.

IBICUACUI, a smali river of the province and government of Paraguay, which enters the bacú.

IBICUI, a river of the province and government of Paraguay. It rises in the mountains of Brazil, runs nearly w. and enters the Uruguay, opposite the settlement of the mission of Yapeu or Yapeyú.

IBICUTIMINI, a river of the same province and government as the former, forming the source and head of the same.

IBIDA, a small river of the same province and government. It runs w. and enters the Paraná, between those of Yangua and Quendi.

IBIN, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Abancai in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Pantipata.

IBINU, a small river of the province and government of Paraguay. It runs e. and enters the Menday.

IBIPITA, a small river of the same province and government as the former. It enters the Ibicú.

N N

IBIQUARI, a river of the same province and government. It runs w. making many windings, and enters the Paraguay in a very large body, close to the fort of S. Fernando.

IBIQUEI-GUAZU, or CAZIQUES, a river of the same province and government, which runs to the n. n. w.

IBIRAPITA-GUAZU, a river of the same province and government as the former. It runs n. n. w. and enters the Picazuru.

IBIRAPITA-MINI, a river of the same province and government as the former. It runs s. and enters the former river, after turning its course to the w.

IBIRATOS, a settlement of the missions which are held by the Portuguese Carmelite fathers, in the country of Las Amazonas; situate on the shore of this river, near the mouth or entrance of the Yutay.

IBİRAYUBA, a settlement of the province and captainship of Pará in Brazil; situate on the shore of the river of Las Amazonas, to the s. of the capital.

IBITAS, a barbarous nation of Indians of Peru, who inhabit the woods to the e. of the province of Caxamarquilla. Some of them, to about the amount of 2000, became reduced to a town or population consisting of four different settlements, in 1753, at the persuasion of the missionaries, the observers of San Francisco, who have a mission established amongst them. These Indians trade in honey, cacao, wax, incense, and other vegetable productions peculiar to those moun

tains.

IBITEGUEGAI, a river of the province and government of Buenos Ayres, which runs to the s. s. w. and then turns to the e.

IBITEYARAI, a small river of the same province and government as the former. It runs to the n. n. w.

IBITIRIZU, a small river of the province and government of Paraguay, which runs w.

IBITUPOCA, or IBILIPOCA, a settlement of the province and captainship of the Rio Janeiro in Brazil; situate on the shore and at the source of the river Paraná.

IBO, a small river of the colony of Surinam, in the part of Guayana possessed by the Dutch. It rises in the sierra of Rinocote, runs w. forming a curve, and enters the Caroni.

IBOIG, a small river of the province and government of Paraguay. It runs w. and enters the river of this name, between the rivers Ipuigta and Tabata-guazú.

IBOPETUBA, a settlement of the province and captainship of Rey in Brazil; situate on the sea-shore, near the point Itapeba.

1BOPETUBA, a bay on the coast of the former province and kingdom, on the side of the bay of Sagasuy.

IBPETUBA, or IPETABA, a town of the province and captainship of San Vicente in Brazil; situate on the shore of a bay of the same name, the said bay being very convenient and capacious.

ICA, a province and corregimiento of Peru, bounded e. by the provinces of Castro Vireyna and Lucanas, s. e. and s. by that of Cumaná, and w. by the sea. It is in length 50 leagues from n. to s. and in width 24 from e. to w. at the broadest part. Its temperature is somewhat hotter than that of Lima, for the soil is sandy, and particularly so towards the coast; here, therefore, it is found to have various desert tracts through the want of moisture: but the province may be said altogether to abound in every kind of fruit, grain, and pulse, most particularly in grapes, the vines yielding their fruits in many parts solely from the moisture they derive from the earth, since there is no more rain here than there is at Lima and the other provinces of the coast. In the parts where the moisture is most prevalent, the natives are accustomed, with great industry, to make certain large holes or pits, in which they cultivate stocks of vines and other plants. The wines and brandies manufactured here are carried to Lima, Panamá, Guayaquil, and to some of the provinces of the Sierra. Here are many pastures used for the support of the beasts of burthen, and a great number of asses, by which animals they carry on their trade. Here are cultivated much pepper and cotton, which are sold to great advantage to the provinces of the Sierra; and to the same provinces quantities of fish are conveyed from the coasts and ports. This province is watered by several rivers, which almost experience drought in the time of the dry season; the principal is that of Pisco and that called the Rio Grande, which passes through Palpa. In the llanura or plain called Del Ingenio, are found many stones, which are the representation of trees, herbs, houses, and other figures. The oil of this province is in particular estimation from its fine quality, and with it Guamanga and other provinces are supplied. Its population is comprised under 10 large settlements, and its corregidor had an assigned repartimiento or yearly tribute of 100,000 dollars; its alcavala, or centage on goods sold, amounting to 800 dollars per annum.