Eprising and persevering spirit of the original found ers. In the space of time just mentioned no less than 150 dwelling-houses, besides shops, barns, and other buildings, four warehouses, several wharfs, spermaceti works, a covered rope-walk, and one of the best distilleries in America, were erected, and 1500 souls collected on a spot, which three years before was improved as a farm, and but two years before began to be built. Its increase since has been very rapid; a printing-office has been established, and several public buildings have been erected, besides dwelling-houses, stores, &c. The inhabitants are plentifully and conveniently supplied with water, brought to their cellars in wooden pipes from a spring two miles from the town. It has a large bay to the s. and stands on an eminence, from which are extensive and delightful views to the n. w., n., and round that way to to the s. e. consisting of hills and valleys, variegated with woods and orchards, corn fields and meadows, with the river, which is in most places a mile over, and may be seen a considerable distance to the n. forming a number of bays and creeks. From the s. e. to the s. w. the city is screened with hills at different distances, and w. afar off over the river and a large valley, the pros pect is bounded by a chain of stupendous mountains, called the Katts Kill, running to the w. n. w. which add magnificence and sublimity to the whole scene. Upwards of 1200 sleighs entered the city daily for several days together, in February 1786, loaded with grain of various kinds, boards, shingles, staves, hoops, iron ware, stone for building, fire wood, and sundry articles of provision for the market, from which some idea may be formed of the advantage of its situation with respect to the country adjacent, which is every way extensive and fertile, particularly w. The original proprietors of Hudson offered to purchase a tract of land adjoining the s. part of the the city of Albany, and were constrained, by a refusal of the proposition, to become competitors for the commerce of the n. country, when otherwise they would have added great wealth and consequence to Albany. There is a bank here, called Bank of Columbia, whose capital may not exceed 160,000 dollars. It is composed of 400 shares, at 400 dollars each. Hudson city is governed by a mayor, recorder, four aldermen, four assistants, and a number of other officers. The number of inhabitants in Hudson township, by the census of 1790, amounted to 2584, including 193 slaves; and it appears by the state census of 1796, that 338 of the inhabitants are electors. Hudson

VOL. II.

city is four miles s. w. of Claverack, 36 n. of Poughkeepsie, and 29 s. of Lansinburg.]

[HUDSON'S House, one of the Hudson's bay company's factories in N. America, lies on the n. w. side of Suskashawan river, 100 miles e. of Manchester house, and 167 s. e. by e. of Buckingham house. Lat. 53° 6' n. Long. 106° 27′ 20′′ w."

[HUDSON River passes its whole course in the state of New York, and is one of the largest and finest rivers in the United States. It rises in a mountainous country, between the lakes Ontario and Champlain. In its course s. e. it approaches within six or eight miles of lake George; then, after a short course e. turns s. and receives the Sacondaga from the s. w. which heads in the neighbourhood of Mohawk river. The course of the river thence to New York, where it empties into York bay, is very uniformly s. 12 or 15. w. Its whole length is about 250 miles. From Albany to lake George it is 43 miles. This distance, the river is navigable only for batteaux, and has two portages, occasioned by falls, of half a mile each. The banks of Hudson's river, especially on the w. side, as far as the highlands extend, are chiefly rocky cliffs. The passage through the highlands, which is 16 or 18 miles, affords a wild romantic scene. In this narrow pass, on each side of which the mountains tower to a great height, the wind, if there be any, is collected and compressed, and blows continually as through a bellows; vessels, in passing through it, are often obliged to lower their sails. The bed of this river, which is deep and smooth to an astonishing dis tance, through a hilly, rocky country, and even through ridges of some of the highest mountains in the United States, must undoubtedly have been produced by some mighty convulsion in nature. The tide flows a few miles above Albany, which is 160 miles from New York. It is navigable for sloops of 80 tons to Albany, and for ships to Hudson. Ship navigation to Albany is interrupted by a number of islands and shoals, six or eight miles below the city, called the Overslaugh. It has been in contemplation to confine the river to one channel, by which means it will be deepened, and the difficulty of approaching Albany with vessels of a larger size be removed. About 60 miles above New York the water becomes fresh. The river is stored with a variety of fish, which renders a summer passage to Albany delightful and amusing to those who are fond of angling. The advantages of this river for carrying on the fur trade with Canada, by means of the lakes, are very great. Its conveniences for internal commerce are singularly]

M M

happy. The produce of the remotest farms is easily and speedily conveyed to a certain and profitable market, and at the lowest expence. In this respect New York has greatly the advantage of Philadelphia. A great proportion of the produce of Pennsylvania is carried to market in waggons, over a great extent of country, some of which is rough; hence it is that Philadelphia is crowded with waggons, carts, horses and their drivers, to do the same business that is done in New York, where all the produce of the country is brought to market by water with much less shew and parade. But Philadelphia has other advantages to compensate for this natural defect. The increasing population of the fertile lands upon the n. branches of the Hudson, must annually increase the amazing wealth that is conveyed by its waters to New York. The n. and w. canals, when completed, will be of incalculable advantage to the trade of this state.]

HUDSON'S River, a broad but short river, emptying into Chesapeak bay, in Dorchester county, Maryland. Hill's po'nt, n. e. of it, shapes the broad mouth of the river.]

[HUDSON'S Strait, or FROBISHER'S MISTAKEN Strait, which leads into Hudson's bay, in a w. course is 76 miles wide, between cape Chidley and the s. point of Resolution island.]

HUECO, a river of the country of Maquega, in the kingdom of Chile. It runs w. and enters the Quepe.

HUEGAPAN, a settlement of the head settlement of the district and alcaldia mayor of Tetela in Nueva España. It contains 95 families of Indians, and eight of Spaniards and Mustees. It is three quarters of a league from its capital.

HUEHUETEPEQUE, a settlement of the alcaldía mayor of Tlapa in Nueva España. It is of a cold temperature, and inhabited by 85 families of Indians. It is two leagues to the s. of Atlamaxaczingo.

HUEHUETLAN, a settlement and head settlement of the district of the alcaldia mayor of Guatlatlauca in Nueva España. It is of a benign temperature, contains 420 families of Indians, some of Spaniards, Mustees, Mulattoes, and a convent of the religious order of St. Domingo.

HUEHUETLAN, another settlement, the head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Chiautla in this kingdom. It has also a convent of the order of St. Domingo, and 40 families of Indians, who employ themselves in the cultivation of their gardens and orchards, as also in fattening

swine, which they send to the other jurisdictions; and in this consists their commerce.

HUEHUETLAN, another, of the head settlement of the district and alcaldía mayor of Igualapa in the same kingdom; five leagues s. e. of its capital.

HUEHUETLAN, another, the head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Cuicatlán in the same kingdom. It is of a cold temperature ; situate on the summit of a mountain. It contains 10 families of Spaniards, Mustees, and Mulattoes, and 216 of Mazatecos Indians, who trade in co chineal, saltpetre, maize, and cotton. It is annexed to the curacy of Teutitlan; from whence it lies six leagues to the e.

HUEHUETLAN, another, of the head settlement of Tonalá, and alcaldía mayor of Guajapa, in the same kingdom.

HUEHUETLAN, another, the capital of the province and alcaldía mayor of Soconusco in the kingdom of Guatemala, founded by Pedro de Alvarado at his conquest.

HUEHUETLAN, another, of the head settlement of Aquismón, and alcaldia mayor of Valles, in Nueva España; situate between the table plains and craggy defiles; and in one of these is founded a convent of S. Francisco. It contains 844 families of Guastecos Indians, whose principal commerce consists in cottons. For the purpose of ga thering this commodity, the greater part of them live in the neighbouring estates, so that the settlement may be said to cover six leagues in circumference. It is two leagues to the s. e. of its head settlement, and 14 from the capital.

HUEHUETLAN, another, with the dedicatory title of S. Salvador, of the head settlement of the district of Teutalpán, and alcaldía mayor of Zacatlan, in Nueva España; annexed to the curacy of Olinalá. It contains 226 families of Indians, and is three leagues from its head settle

ment.

HUEHUETOCA, a settlement of the alcaldía mayor of Coautitlan in Nueva España. It is the residence of the judge of the royal desague (waste water) of the Lake, which was constructed on the following account: The river Coautitlan, running from s. to n. entered formerly into the lake Zumpango, close to the settlement of Coyotepéc; and having once burst its boundaries, it joined its waters with those of the lake S. Christóval de Ecate pec: at another time also, being too full, it joined the lake Tezcoco; and incapable of containing the waters of the lake Chalco, and other tributary canals of Mexico, so completely overflowed as to

cause a great inundation. The recurrence, however, of this misfortune has been remedied, by constructing at the entrance of the river the aforesaid channel of waste water, which at once impedes the entrance of the river, and carries off its waters through the plain of Mexico, both towards the n. and s. where it evaporates and absorbs the nitre of the soil. This settlement contains 226 families of Indians, lies from its capital three leagues to the n. to the n. w.

HUEJUCA, a settlement of the head settlement and alcaldía mayor of Colotlán in Nueva España. It is five leagues to the n. of the same.

HUEJUQUILLA, a settlement and interior garrison of the province of Nueva Vizcaya in Nueva España, for the purpose of restraining the infidel Indians.

HUEJUTLA, a district and alcaldía mayor of Nueva España, on the opposite side of the sierra of Mextitlan. It is 16 leagues long n. s. and 14 wide e. w. It is of a hot temperature, and so poor as to have no other commerce than that derived from the loaf-sugar which is manufactured here, and sold to the neighbouring jurisdictions, and that derived from some larger cattle; for although they grow grain, yet this is in such small quantities as to be merely sufficient to supply their own wants. It consists of only four settlements, in which there are a good number of estates; but these yield very poorly.

HUEJUTLA, the capital, is the settlement of the same name. It contains 115 families of Indians, 57 of Spaniards, 70 of Mustees and Mulattoes, and a good convent of the monks of St. Augustin. It is 70 leagues to the n. e. of Mexico, in lat, 22° 35'. Long. 274° 15'. The other settlements are Ixcatlan, Macustepetla, Thehuettan, and S. Pedro.

HUEJUTLA, also with the dedicatory title of S. Luis, another settlement and head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Tezcuco in Nueva España; situate on the skirt of a spacious mountain plain. It contains 300 families of Indians, and 22 of Mustees and Mulattoes, who employ themselves in sowing seeds and fruits peculiar to that region. Here is a convent of monks of the order of S. Francisco. It is half a league to the s. of its capital.

HUELMAMBI, a river of the province and government of Barbacoas in the kingdom of Quito. It runs s. w. and w. of the city of Barbacoas. At the distance of half a league, opposite the river Huahuy, it enters the river Telembi on the n.

side.

HUELOTITLAN, a settlement of the head

settlement of the district of Tonalá, and alcaldia mayor of Guajuapa, in Nueva España.

HUENCHULLAMI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Maule in the kingdom of Chile; situate on the coast; off which place, in 1770, the merchant vessel, the Oriflame of Cadiz, was wrecked.

HUENCHULLAMI, a river of this province and kingdom. It runs n. n. w. and enters the sea on the side of the Mataquaro. At its source is a very luxuriant estate, called El Carrizal.

HUENCHULLAMI, an island formed by an arm of the river Maule, which communicates itself with the former river.

HUENCHULLANAI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Itata in the kingdom of Chile; situate on the shore and at the mouth of a river of the same name. This river runs w. and enters the sea between the rivers Maule and Mataquitos.

HUENCHULLANAI.

HUENCHUN, a lake of the province and cor. regimiento of Itatan in the kingdom of Chile, It is formed by a waste water of the river Si, culeuvu.

HUENUTIL, a river of the former province and district in the kingdom of Chile. It runs w. and enters the Nuble.

HUEPACA, a settlement of the missions that were held by the regulars of the extinguished company of Jesuits, in the province and government of Sonora.

HUEQUE-LEUUU, a river of the province and government of Buenos Ayres. It rises in the province and corregimiento of Cuyo, of the kingdom of Chile, close to the mountain of Pié de Palo. It runs s. as far as the city of Loyola, and turning afterwards to the s. s. e. runs for many leagues through the provinces of Tucumán and Buenos Ayres, until it enters the S. sea on the coast of the Patagones.

HUAQUEN, a small river of the island of La Laxa in the kingdom of Chile. It runs w. and enters the Vergara.

HUERARI, or UERURI, a river of the kingdom of the Nuevo Reyno de Grenada. It runs in the territory of the Parianas Indians, runs s. e. and enters the Orellana or Amazons, on the side of the settlement of S. Carlos de Carachis, in lat, 3° 27's.

HUERE, or GUARE, a river of the province and government of Cumaná. It rises in the tableland of Guenipa, and enters in a large body into the Unare, having increased its waters by several

streams.

HUERTA, CONVENTO DE LA, a settlement

of the province and corregimiento of Maule in the kingdom of Chile, near the river Titubén. HUERTAS, Dos, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Caxamarca in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Contumaza.

HUESICAS, a barbarous nation of Indians, of the province and country of Las Amazonas, bounded n. by the nations of the Panataguas and Amamazos. They live at the foot of the Andes, and are by their nature warlike and restless.

HUETAMO, SAN JUAN DE, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Perochucho, and alcaldía mayor of Guimeo, in Nueva España. It contains 146 families of Indians, and 52 of Mustees and Mulattoes. It is somewhat less than two leagues from its head settlement.

HUEZTAHUALCO, SAN PEDRO DE, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Santa Ana, and alcaldía mayor of Zultepec, in Nueva España; situate in the dangerous mountains of the place called Goleta. It contains 84 families of Indians; is annexed to the curacy of Huiztlan; and has in its district two sugar engines, and two estates, in which large cattle are bred, and which are peopled by seven families of Spaniards. It is three leagues to the n. of Huiztlán.

HUGHES, a river of the province and colony of N. Carolina. It runs n. w. and enters the Ohio.

[HUGHESBURG, a town in Northumberland county, Pennsylvania, called also CATAWESSY, being situated at the mouth of Catawessy creek, 19 miles n. e. of Sunbury. It contains about 60 handsome houses, and a meeting-house for Friends. It is 84 miles n. w. of Philadelphia. Lat. 40° 57' n.1.

HUICATENANGO, a settlement of the head settlement of Acantepec, and alcaldía mayor of Tlapa, in Nueva España. It is of a mild temperature, contains 72 families of Indians, and is 12 leagues to the w. s. w. of its head settlement.

HUICHIAPAM, a province and alcaldía mayor of Nueva España. It is poor and much reduced. HUICHILUYA, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Xonacatepec, and alcaldía mayor of Cuernavaca, in Nueva España.

[HUIJOZINGO. See GUEJOZINGO.] HUILANGO, a settlement of the head settlement of the district and alcaldía mayor of Tochimilco in Nueva España; situate in an hot temperature, but abounding in waters. These irrigating the territory, cause the land to produce a great variety of fruits, also great crops of grain. It contains 25 families of Indians, and is one league to the s. of its capital.

HUILOTEPEC, SANTA CRUZ DE, a settle. ment of the head settlement of Tepacaltepec, and alcaldía mayor of Nejapa, in Nueva España; situate in a narrow defile formed by some mountains in the neighbourhood of the settlement of S. Pedro Martin. It contains 18 families of Indians.

[HUILQUILEMU, a plain of the kingdom of Chile, in which, a water-course being opened, was discovered a vein of gold-dust, which produced more than 50,000 dollars without the least labour.]

HUILUAPAN, a settlement of the alcaldía PAN, mayor of Orizava in Nueva España, of the district of the settlement of Nogales, from whence it lies half a league to the s. e.

HUIMANGUILLO, SAN CHRISTÓVAL DE, a settlement of the head settlement of Ocuapa, and alcaldía mayor of Nueva España. It contains 76 families of Indians, including those of the ward in its vicinity. It is five leagues to the s. of its head settlement.

HUIPUXTLA, a settlement and head settle. ment of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Te tepango in Nueva España; situate at the entrance of the Mexquital, where it very seldom rains. Its district contains nine settlements, and many wards and cstates. It is 20 leagues to the n. 4 to the n. e. of Mexico, and is inhabited by 954 fami lies of Indians, who trade in the productions of wheat, maize, and other grain, goats and sheep; and from the skins of these they derive great ad vantage.

HUIRIBIS, a settlement of the province of Os timuri in Nueva España; situate on the coast of the gulf of California or Mar Roxo de Cortés, with a port of great traffic, the same being close to California.

HUITEPEC, SANTA MARIA DE, a settlement and head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Ixquintepec in Nueva España. It con tains 80 families of Indians, and is three leagues s. e. of its capital.

HUITEPEC, another settlement, with the dedi catory title of Santiago, the head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Cuernavaca in Nueva España. It contains 100 families of Indians, 40 of Spaniards and Mulattoes, and a convent of the monks of San Francisco.

HUITZILAPA, SAN LORENZO DE, a settle ment and head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Metepeque in Nueva España. It contains 302 families of Indians.

HUITZILOQUE, a settlement of the head settlement and alcaldía mayor of Cuernavaca

in

Nueva España. It contains 242 families of Indians, and is situate on an eminence of a mountain, which is three leagues from the capital. HUITZILTEPEQUE, a settlement and head settlement of the district of the alcaldia mayor of Tixtlan in Nueva España; situate on an extensive plain of a cold temperature, and inhabited by 150 families of Indians.

HUIXQUILUCAN, SAN ANTONIO DE, a settlement of the alcaldía mayor of Tacuba in Nueva España; situate amidst the mountains or sierra that runs to the w. of the city of Mexico. It was an asylum for the refugee Indians, when that capital was conquered by the Spaniards. It contains 800 families, who still pursue their rustic state of life. It is four leagues to the s. w. of its capital.

HUIYAZACUALCO, SANTA CATALINA DE, a settlement of the head settlement of Texmelucan, and alcaldía mayor of Guejozingo, in Nueva España. It contains 53 families of Indians, and is to the w. of its capital.

HUIZAPULA, a settlement of the head settlement of Atlistác, and alcaldía mayor of Tlapa, in Nueva Espana; of a cold and moist temperature. It contains 12 families of Indians, who maintain themselves by sowing maize, their poverty not permitting them to do more. It is one league from the settlement of Quiziapar.

HUIZCULCO, a settlement of the head settlement and alcaldía mayor of Cuquio in the kingdom and bishopric of Nueva Galicia; situate to the n. of its capital.

HUIZITLATEPEC, SANTIAGO DE, a settle ment of the head settlement of Macuilzuchil, and alcaldía mayor of Teutitlan, in Nueva España. It contains 66 families of Indians, and lies one league to the s. of its head settlement. It produces maize, cotton, grain, and other fruits.

HUIZTLAN, SAN JUAN DE, a settlement of the head settlement of Santa Ana, and alcaldía mayor of Zultepec, in Nueva España, with 300 families of Indians, whose commerce is in salt, which serves to supply the mines of the jurisdiction, also in large cattle. It is eight leagues to the s. of its capital.

[HULL, an inconsiderable town in Suffolk county, on the s. side of Boston barbour, Massachusetts, containing 120 inhabitants. On the fort on the e. hill there is a well sunk 90 feet, which commonly has 80 odd feet of water.]

HULLOMA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Pacayes in Peru.

HUMAHUACA, a settlement of the province and government of Tucumán, in the district of

Jujui; situate on the shore of the river Laquiaca, It has seven chapels annexed to its curacy.

[HUMAS, an Indian village on the e. side of Mississippi river in Louisiana, 60 miles above New Orleans. The Humas were formerly a considerable nation; but about 1770, were reduced to about 25 warriors. The Alabamas, whose villages are near those of the Humas, had at the above period about 30 warriors, and followed the French here, when they abandoned the post on Alabama river in 1762. The Chetimachas have about 27 warriors.]

HUMAY, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Ica in Peru; in the district of which, at the distance of a league, are seen the ruins of an ancient palace of the Incas, which they call Tambo Colorado.

[HUMBER, a river of Newfoundland island, which empties into the gulf of St. Lawrence through the bay of Islands.

HUMILLA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Coquimbo in the kingdom of Chile; situate on the shore of the river Limary.

[HUMMELL'S Town, a thriving town in Dauphine county, Pennsylvania, containing a German Lutheran church and about 90 houses; situated on the s. side of Swetara creek, four miles n. of Middletown, eight e. of Harrisburg, and 73 w. n. w. of Philadelphia.]

HUMOCORO, ALTO, a settlement of the province and government of Maracaibo; situate on the shore of the river Portuguesa, at its source, and to the e. of the páramo or mountain-desert of La Rosa.

HUMOCORO, another settlement, in the same province, with the addition of Baxo, to distinguish it from the former. This is situate on the opposite side of the river, and at a small distance from the above.

HUMOS, COSTA DE LOS, a part of the Brazil coast, in the province and captainship of Seara, which lies between the mouth of the river Curú and the point of Palmeras.

HUMOS, a point of land on the coast of the kingdom of Chile, and province and corregimiento of Hata, between the isle of Curanta and the coast of Chanco.

HUMUCENS, a settlement of the missions that were held by the regulars of the extinguished company, in the province of Topia, and kingdom of Nueva Vizcaya; situate on the shore of the river Piastla.

HUNA, a large river of the island of St. Do