HUANZA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Guarochiri in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Carampoma.

HUAPANTE, a large and abundant river of the kingdom of Quito, in the province of Ambato. It flows down from the mountain of Quelendana, which is eternally covered with snow, runs from n. to s. then turns w. and enters the river Ambato on the e. just before this runs into the Pachanlica on the opposite part.

HUAQUE, a river of the island of La Laxa in the kingdom of Chile. It runs w. between the rivers Duquesa and Laxa, and enters the Biobio. HUAQUI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Pacajes in Peru.

HUAQUILPA, a settlement of the jurisdiction and alcaldía mayor of Pachuca in Nueva España; annexed to the curacy of Tesayuca. It contains 50 families of Indians.

go

HUAQUIRI, a river of the province and vernment of Guayana or Nueva Andalucía.It rises in the country of the Paudacotos Indians, and enters the head of the Aruy.

HUAQUIS, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Yauyos in Peru; annexed to the curacy of the settlement of Laraos.

HUARACONDO, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Abancay in Peru. HUARAL, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Chancay in Peru.

HUARARE, a lake of the province and country of Las Amazonas, which is formed by a waste branch of the river Marañon, opposite the settlement of the missions of San Ignacio de Pevas, which were held by the regulars of the company of Jesuits.

HUARAS, a barbarous nation of warlike Indians of Peru, who, after a resistance of a cruel and bloody war which lasted six months, became subjected to the empire under the Inca Pachacutec, tenth emperor.

HUARAZ, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Peru, and capital of the same;

situate in the n. part, two leagues from a hot medicinal stream of very celebrated virtues. Its population amounts to 5000 souls; it has two parishes, a convent of the recoletan order of San Francisco, and an hospital of Bethlemites.

HUARCAS, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Cañete in Peru, founded in a beautiful valley of the same name by the Marquis of Cañete, viceroy of that kingdom in 1556. By it passes a great river, which fertilizes its territory; and it was very populous in former times, but has fallen to decay, without being able to re-establish itself, after the earthquake which happened here in 1687, and after the mischief it experienced when it was sacked by the English pirate Edward David. It has two convents of monks, one of San Francisco and another of San Agustin, both reduced to the greatest poverty. In its vicinity are seen the ruins of a palace of the Incas. It is one league from the sea and 24 from Lima.

HUARI, a settlement of the province and corre gimiento of Paria in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Condocondo.

HUARI, another settlement, with the dedicatory title of San Luis, in the province and corregimiento of Conchucos in the same kingdom.

HUARI, another, with the surname of Rey, the capital of the same province and corregimiento as the former.

HUARIACA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Tarma in Peru.

HÜARIBAMBA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Guanta in Peru.

HUARHUA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Parinacochas in Peru, in the district of which is a mountain of salt, in which it trades, and supplies the other provinces for the use of the silver mines.

HUARICANGA, S. JUAN DE, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Caxatambo in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Pativilca in the province of Santa.

HUARIGANCHA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Guamalies in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Huacaibamba.

HUARIÑA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Omasuyos in Peru, where is venerated the image of the Most Holy Christ, with the dedicatory title of the Señor de las Batallas, the same having been sent hither by the Emperor Charles V. Its miracles attract the devotion of the faithful of these provinces. In the vicinity is a field called De la Batalla, from the battle which was gained by the army of Gonzalo Pizzarro against the loyalists, these being commanded by Diego

HUARIPAMPA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Xauja in Peru. HUARMARCAS, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Piura in Peru.

HUARMEI. See GUARNEY. HUAR-MICOCHA, a lake of the province and corregimiento of Yauyos in Peru, and district of Pampas. It is two leagues long, and a quarter wide. In it grows a very rare herb, called pircay, with which the Indians dye their woollen cloths of a bright and durable red."

HÜAROAYA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Vilcashuaman in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Chuschi.

HUAROC, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Quispicanchi in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Urcos.

HUAROCHIRI. See GUAROCHIRI.

- HUAROQUIN, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Canta in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Atabillos Altos.

HUAROS, a settlement of the same province and corregimiento as the former; annexed to the curacy of San Buenaventura.

HUASAC, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Paucartambo in Peru; annexed to the curacy of the settlement of Caicai.

HUASAGA. See GUASAGA. HUASAHICASI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Tarma in Peru, where a fort has been built to restrain the incursions of the infidel Indians of the mountains.

HUASCO. See GUASCO. HUASTA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Caxatambo in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Chiquian.

HUATA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Parinacochas in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Lampa.

HUATACONDO, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Arica in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Pica.

HUATANAI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Quispicanchi in Peru.

HÜATES, a settlement of the province and government of Mainas in the kingdom of Quito; situate on the shore of the river Napo.

HUATIAPA, a very lofty mountain of the province and corregimiento of Camaná in Peru, where there is an excellent mineral of crystal of various colours.

HUATICLAME, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Coquimbo in the kingdom

may.

HUATULCO, SANTA MARIA DE, a settlement of the head settlement of Aztatla, and alcaldía mayor of Huamelula, in Nueva España; situate on an extensive lofty level, on the sides of which runs a river rather scantily supplied with water, although this is very sweet and clear, and is the source from whence the whole neighbourhood is furnished. The population amounts to 44 families of Indians, and these have gardens and orchards lying in a level plain, which are surrounded and irrigated by the waters of the said river. Here they have cochineal and some seeds used for dyeing, as also cotton. This settlement is annexed to the curacy of San Miguel de las Piñas, in the jurisdiction of Miahuatlan, and it is 18 leagues from its head settlement. At the distance of two leagues is a chapel, in which is venerated a cross, in regard to which the following wonderful miracle has happened: When the pirate Francis Drake arrived here in an English vessel, and was disappointed at not finding any thing to relieve his hunger and necessities, he, with his companions, under the impulse of rage, resolved to revenge themselves by venting their fury against the cross which was standing fixed here, and accordingly, having taken the trouble to besmear it with pitch, they set fire to it; but the pitch burnt off, and the wood, remained uninjured. More indignant still at this, they attached one end of a cable to the holy wood, and the other to the ship's mast, so that it might pull whilst the ship was in sail; and notwithstanding the violence of the shock, the cross was not the least disturbed from its situation, but the cable snapped in twain. After some time these same sailors returned ashore, and began with hatchets and other instruments to hew down this wonderful tree; but the miracle did not stop here, for their heaviest blows could make no impression whatever, whilst their implements broke to pieces. In testimony therefore of this event, the chapel was built on the very spot, where also the cross is to be seen at this day. The whole of this story is told by Don Joseph de Villaseñor, in his Teatro Americano de Nueva España.

HUALUZCO, SAN ANTONIO DE, a settlement and head settlement of the district of the alcaldía mayor of Córdoba in Nueva España. It is of a hot temperature, inhabited by six families of Spaniards, 40 of Mustees, and 350 of Indians. It is 10 leagues to the n. of its capital.

HUALCZCO, another settlement, with the dedi catory title of Santiago, being also the head settlement of a district of the same alcaldía and king

dom. It contains 39 families of Indians, who employ themselves in fishing for bobos, in a river which passes through it. It is filled with puddles and waste waters flowing from the said river.

HUATZALINGO, a settlement and head settlement of the distrtct of the alcaldía mayor of Yauhualica in Nueva España, where dwell 450 families of Indians.

HUAUCHINANGO, an alcaldía mayor of the kingdom of Nueva Galicia, and bishopric of Guadalaxara. It is one of those whose jurisdiction is the most extensive, but whose vegetable productions and whose population are the most limited. It is watered by the river of La Purificacion, on the shores of which are various farms and grazing lands of large and small cattle; and of these pastures there is a great abundance, owing to the heat of the climate.

The capital is of the same name, inhabited by more than 50 families of Indians and some Spaniards, Mustees, and Mulattoes. It is 26 leagues to the w. s. w. of Guadalaxara, in long. 266° 15'. Lat. 21° 42'. The other settlements are Mistán and Ateguillo.

HUAUINA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Arica in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Tarapaca.

HUAURA. See GUAURA.

HUAUTLA, a settlement of the head settle ment of the district of Tetela, and alcaldía mayor of Azuchitlan; situate in a narrow defile, at the skirt of two mountains which are surrounded by two rivers, which precipitate themselves from the sierra Madre. It contains 33 families of Indians, dedicated to the cultivating of the vegetable productions with which its territory abounds. It is 20 leagues to the s. e. of its capital.

HUAUTLA, another settlement, which is the head settlement of the district of the alcaldia mayor of Cuicatlan in Nueva España. It is of a cold and moist temperature, situate at the ascent of a mountain. It contains 352 families of Mazatecos Indians, including those of the wards of its district. It is 11 leagues to the e. of its capi

tal.

HUAUTZOTLA, a settlement of the head settlement of Olinalá, and alcaldía mayor of Tlapa, in Nueva España. It contains $7 families of Indians, and is three leagues to the n. e. of its head settlement.

HUAYACONGA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Chilques and Masques in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Colcha.

HUAYALULCO, a settlement of the head settlement of the district of Xocotla, and alcaldía

mayor of Tlapa, in Nueva España. It contains 84 families of Indians, and is three leagues to the n. n. e. of its head settlement.

HUAYAMA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento or Andahuailas in Peru. HUAYAN, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Guailas in Peru.

HUAYCHAO, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Guanta in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Lauricocha.

HUAÝCHU, a part of the kingdom of Peru, in the province of Collas, celebrated for the battle fought against these natives by Mayta Capac, fourth emperor of the Incas, by which they were overcome, and made subject to the empire of the latter.

HUAYLLARUM, a large lake of the province and corregimiento of Tarma in Peru. It is five leagues in length and three in width, and from it is formed a small river, which enters the Paria.

HUAYLLAS, a barbarous and ancient nation of Indians of Peru, to the e. of Cuzco. It was rendered tributary to the empire by the Inca Pachacutec, tenth emperor.

HUAYO, SANTA MAGDALENA DE, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Caxamarquilla in Peru. It has a good port in the river Marañon, by which it carries on a commerce with the province of Guamachuco.

HUAYOCACHI, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Xauja in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Huancayo.

HUAYTARA, an ancient province of Peru, to the n. of Cuzco. It is full of woods, rivers, and lakes. It was conquered by the Inca Viracocha, eighth emperor.

HUAYTARA, or GUAYTARA, a large and abundant river of the province of Pasto in the kingdom of Quito. It flows down from the mountains to the e. of the settlement of Funes, and runs w. until it enters the Rumichaca, with the which it turns its course to the n.; and after that it has collected nearly at the same time the waters of the Huachicono and the Huayo, it enters into the s. side of the Patia, in lat. 1° 28′ n.

HUAZCALTEPEC, a settlement of the head settlement of the district and alcaldía mayor of Xicayan in Nueva España. It contains 78 families of Indians, and two of Spaniards, who are engaged in trading in cochineal and sowing rice, these being its natural productions. It is two leagues n. w. of its head settlement.

HUAZOLOTITLAN, a settlement of the same head settlement of the district and alcaldía mayor as the former. It contains 200 families of Indians,

10 of Spaniards, and 80 of Mulattoes, who trade in cochineal, seeds, and cotton. It is 15 leagues to the e. of its head settlement.

HUAZTOTIPAC, a small settlement of the alcaldía mayor of Guanchinango in Nueva España; annexed to the curacy of Tlaola.

[HUBBARDSTON, a township in Worcester county, Massachusetts, and formed the n. e. quarter of Rutland, until incorporated in 1767. It borders on the w. part of Wachuset hill, and contains 933 inhabitants. It is 20 miles n. w. of Worcester, and 60 w. of Boston.]

[HUBBARDTON, a small river rising in the n. part of this township, noticeable only for its five falls, which furnish excellent mill-seats.] [HUBBERTON, a township in Rutland county, Vermont. It contains 404 inhabitants, and lies 50 miles n. of Bennington.]

HUBIERNA, a river of the province and government of Tucumán, in the district of Salta. It runs e. and enters the Salado, between the Caldera and the Baquero.

HUBINAS, a nation of Indians of Peru, in the province of Condesuyos. Their numbers are few, and they are divided into various small settle ments.

HUCAN, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Collabuas in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Sihuas, situate in a valley which is 10 leagues in length, and extends itself through the province of Camaná as far as the sea.

HUCHUPAMPA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Guarochiri in Peru; annexed to the curacy of San Pedro de Casta.

HUCO, a town of the province and corregi miento of Cuyo in the kingdom of Chile, founded in a valley of this name, where is the fort of San Carlos to restrain the infidel Indians, who on that part have made continual irruptions, destroying the greater and better part of its estates.

HUCSUMANE, a settlement of the missions which belong to the religious order of San Agustin, in the country of Paititi, of the province and corregimiento of Larecaxa in Peru.

HUDSON, Bay of, a large bay of N. America, where the English company of its name have various establishments and forts, and where, through the medium of their factors, they carry on a great trade with the Indians, taking from these castor-skins and other articles, on which they make a very great profit. This bay is about 860 miles long from Moose fort on the s. to Cumberland island on the n.: its width is unequal, since in some parts it is 590 miles, and in others as narrow as 130. At its entrance are the islands of

Resolution and Mansfield, and in the strait those of Charles, Salisbury, and Nottingham. From Resolution island to cape Diggs, at the entrance of the bay, it is about 388 miles. The lands on either side, which are those of Labrador and North Main, are in general very high, sometimes precipitous; and in some places are found large breaches, which are inhabited by savages, of whom little is known. The e. part of the bay, which is in lat. 57° n. is called Bottom bay, and the most e. part James bay. The coast of the cape Harriot or Henrietta Maria is in lat. 55° 15' n. From the beginning of James bay to the bottom of the bay it is near 267 miles, and the average width of the whole is from 40 to 50 leagues. On the e. part or coast of Labrador, are situate the small islands called the Sleeping, Northern and Western isles, Baker's Dozen, and Belcher; and in James bay those of Bear, Vinner, Charlton, and Cape of Good Hope. The whole of the country that lies between the s. and e. as far as the land of Labrador, is called New South Wales.

This country was discovered by an Englishman named Hudson, who gave it his name; he was in search for a pass to China in three different voyages made in 1607, 1608, and 1610, when he arrived at 80° 23′ lat. combating with the greatest difficulties against snow and ice, which detained him until the spring of the following year, 1611. A great part of his crew becoming mutinous, deserted him, and committing themselves to the mercy of the seas in the open boat, were all supposed to have perished, having never since been heard of. The French pretend that this country had been previously discovered by themselves, and that they had already formed establishments in it; but on this point we do not find them adducing any proofs.

The climate, although under the torrid zone, is incredibly cold and severe, and people are obliged to live with the greatest precaution lest they should be frozen; and thus they make to themselves small caverns, in which they have large fires, and no other hole than such as may be sufficient to keep the same alive. Notwithstanding this, the cold is so powerful that the bed-clothes are frozen in the morning, and stick to the walls that they touch, and the breath of a person sleeping freezes. Any thing that is away from the fire is sure to freeze, and no liquor, not even brandy or spirits of wine, escape the all-subduing power. If you touch a piece of steel, iron, or other solid body, your hands become rivetted to the same; and in the act of drinking, the skin of the lips or tongue becomes so glued to the side of the cup as to be sometimes

stripped off when the cup is withdrawn. Elliz, who made a voyage to this country, relates, that having ordered a man to put his finger to the hole of a cask of beer for fear it should run out and waste, the poor fellow, in endeavouring to get his finger away, lost a part of it behind. The effect of this extraordinary cold manifests itself on all the animal kingdom, for there is not a creature but which, on the approach of the severe season, puts on a wintry and snow-coloured garb; and notwithstanding those who inhabit these parts take the utmost precaution to defend themselves against being frozen to death, yet the cold is often found to surprise them, attacking first the extremities. Nay, the aforesaid author further asserts, that the compass itself has been known to lose its magnetic powers. With all this the country is healthy, and the people live to a great age.

The natives are as barbarous as their neigh bours; they acknowledge a God as being supreme and of infinite goodness, and they call him Ukkeuma, which in their language signifies great head. To him they look as the author of all the good they enjoy, and they speak of him with great respect, singing hymns with great solemnity and pomp, though considerable harmony; their ideas are, however, vague, confused, and hard to determine with respect to their religion and public worship. They have another being, whom they call Witikka, whom they represent as the origin of all ills, and of whom they stand in the greatest awe; but it is not known that they make any sacrifice to him to ensure his favour. They have so remarkable a fondness for their children, that they willingly, both father and mother, will vie in sacrificing their lives to their safety. The dogs here are nearly similar to the mastiffs of Europe: they never bark, but only growl when they are angry: these are the only animals of burthen used by the English and the Indians, and they will carry a great weight.

The great expectations that the English and French formed of this country were the cause of continual wars and bostilities between the two nations, and these lasted until the peace of Utrecht, in which, by the 10th article, it was ceded entirely to the former; then followed the company's esta blishment of the four factories, called Churchill, Fort York, Albany, and Moose River: the second, which is considered the most important, is situate on the s. arm of the river Hayes, five leagues above where this enters the sea; at this factory it is reckoned that from 40 to 50,000 fine skins are collected annually.

[The e. boundary of Hudson's bay is Terra de

Labrador; the n. part has a straight coast, facing the bay, guarded with a line of isles innumerable. A vast bay, called the Archiwinnipy Sea, lies within it, and opens into Hudson's bay, by means of gulf Hazard, through which the Beluga whales pass in great numbers. The depth of water in the middle of the bay is 140 fathoms. From cape Churchill to the s. end of the bay, are regular soundings, near the shore, shallow, with muddy or sandy bottom. or sandy bottom. To the n. of Churchill, the soundings are irregular, the bottom rocky, and in some parts the rocks appear above the surface at low water. In the account of New Britain, we have given a general account of the Hudson's bay companies settlements on both sides of James's bay. The commerce in the countries adjacent to this inland sea, is in the hands of an exclusive British company of its name, who employ only four ships and 130 seamen. The forts, Prince of Wales, Churchill River, Nelson, New Severn, and Al bany, are garrisoned by 186 men. The French, in 1782, took and destroyed these settlements, &c. said to amount to the value of 500,0007. sterling. The company's exports are to the amount of 16,000l. mostly the drugs of the market, which produce returns, chiefly in beaver skins and rich furs, to the value of 29,000l.; yielding government a clear revenue of 67347.: this includes the fishery in Hudson's bay. The skins and furs procured by this trade, when manufactured, afford articles for trading with many nations of Europe to great advantage. See index to additional information respecting CANADA.]

[HUDSON'S City, a port of entry and post-town; situated in Columbia county, New York, on the e. side of Hudson's river, 23 miles s. of Albany, and 97 n. of New York city. The limits of the corporation include a square mile, and its privileges as a port of entry extend no farther. In the autumn of 1783, Mess. Seth and Thomas Jenkins, from Providence, in the state of Rhode Island, fixed on the unsettled spot, whereon this city stands, for a town, to which the city is navigable for vessels of any size. The city is laid out into large squares, bordering on the river, and divided into 30 lots. Other adventurers were admitted to proportions, and the town was laid out in squares, formed by spacious streets, crossing each other at right angles. Each square contains 30 lots, two deep, divided by a 20 feet alley. Each lot is 50 feet in front, and 120 feet in depth. In the spring of 1784, several houses and stores were erected. The increase of the town from this period to the spring of 1786, two years only, was astonishingly rapid, and reflects great honour upon the enter