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Direct Utilization ($9,415,000)

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Continue research on the determination of physical and chemical properties of uncombusted coals and combustion products. ($950,000)

O Continue support research on coal combustion science and IEA coal combustion science program. ($4,643,000)

Continue research on deposition mechanisms and erosion caused by mineral matter in atmospheric, internal combustion, and pressurized environments. ($1,845,000)

Continue research on separation mechanisms relevant to the coal fuel cycle, from coal beneficiation to the removal of environmentally deleterious products of combustion. ($1,127,000)

Continue generic electrochemistry research and research on fundamental aspects of molten carbonate and solid oxide fuel cells. ($850,000)

Materials ($5,860,000)

o Perform mechanistic research necessary to allow development and use of new corrosion and erosion resistant alloys, ceramics and refractories for use in coal conversion and utilization systems. ($5,860,000)

Components ($1,593,000)

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Conduct studies on novel component concepts to mitigate erosion and wear in seals; and on slurry flow control devices. ($650,000)

Conduct fundamental research at national labs and PETC on bulk flow modeling, solids-liquid rheology, and dense phase solids-gas flow; eliminate support for university research in solids transport. ($943,000)

Environmental Activities ($2,200,000)

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Continue analyses of issues associated with air and water quality, solid waste disposal, and toxic substances; continue support of occupational health and safety compliance services. ($1,550,000)

O Continue research conducted under ITFAP with reduced emphasis on quality assurance of data and analytical tools. ($650,000)

Technical and Economical Analysis ($2,000,000)

Continue funding studies which support multi-year planning and FE strategy and program formulation, technical/economic assessment studies that crosscut a number of FE programs, and support of IEA/Coal Research Service. ($2,000,000)

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Technology Base Synthesis ($800,000)

O Continue analyses and studies to integrate and coordinate research and exploratory development activities, to identify advanced research needs, to support international collaborative research activities in FE, and to provide seed funding for new advanced research initiatives. ($800,000)

Instrumentation, Control and Diagnostics ($1,356,000)

o Perform research on unique methods for measuring multiphase flow parameters such as velocity, solids content, and viscosity; and for identifying chemical species such as plasma spectrographic techniques. ($1,356,000)

University Coal Research ($4,000,000)

o Initiate approximately 20 new university projects relating to coal science, environmental science, surface science, organic and inorganic chemistry of coal constituents and the mechanisms and kinetics of chemical reactions to gasification, liquefaction and combustion; encourage collaboration between university and industrial researchers.

($4,000,000)

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-71.2%

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-64.0%

Includes reductions in accordance with P.L. 99-177, the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (Gramm-Rudman-Hollings)

The Coal Liquefaction program is developing the scientific and engineering knowledge base which industry can use to bring economically competitive and environmentally acceptable synthetic liquid fuel technology into the marketplace when needed.

The FY 1987 budget request of $ 9,147,000 would be used as follows:

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Advanced Research ($2,620,000)

Conduct exploratory efforts on novel coal liquefaction processes. ($200,000)

Continue research to improve the understanding of coal liquefaction including properties of coal, reaction mechanisms, utilization of hydrogen, and properties of coal liquids.

($1,120,000)

0 Continue research on biological approaches to coal liquefaction. ($100,000)

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Continue research on novel catalytic approaches to coal liquefaction. ($450,000)

Continue research on the physical, chemical and thermodynamic properties of fossil fuel liquids. ($750,000)

Indirect Liquefaction ($2,539,000)

Continue catalyst research, study reaction mechanisms and more promising process concepts at PETC and with industry.

Direct Liquefaction ($2,996,000)

($2,539,000)

Continue in-house research of advanced process concepts at PETC while completing existing bench scale industrial projects. ($2,996,000)

Support Studies/Engineering Evaluations ($992,000)

Complete one existing industrial instrument research project.

($37,000)

O Continue technology base research and an existing industrial research project ($955,000)

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Includes reductions in accordance with P.L. 99-177, the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (Gramm-Rudman-Hollings)

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The goal of the Combustion Systems activity is to increase the contribution of the nation's coal resources through the development of market-suitable combustion systems and fossil-derived fuels. The programs within the overall Combustion Systems activity are Atmospheric Fluidized Bed, Pressurized Fluidized Bed, Alternative Fuels and Advanced Combustion Technology.

The FY 1987 funding request of $9,169,000 would be used as follows:

Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Combustion ($1,590,000)

• Conduct in-house fluidization research in particle motion flow, erosion, bed internals and heat transfer surfaces. ($490,000)

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Initiate bench scale construction and testing of special AFB applications for the commercial/institutional and residential sectors. ($1,100,000)

Pressurized Fluidized Bed Combustion ($3,686,000)

o Continue ongoing program at New York University to evaluate PFB components and design changes to enhance performance and provide the basis for advanced concept designs. ($600,000)

Continue research on PFB dynamics, systems analysis, and combustion characterization; continue technology and economic analysis assessments. ($586,000)

о Continue the follow-on test program to obtain POC on hot gas cleanup, coal/water slurry feeding, and performance of updated heat exchanger design. ($1,500,000)

o Complete Phase I systems definition studies including conceptual design and cost of a commercial plant. Initiate Phase II, development and testing of key critical process components. ($1,000,000)

Advanced Combustion Technology ($1,882,000)

o Continue development of the most promising of the light industrial, commercial and residential concepts selected including design, fabrication and testing. ($1,400,000)

O Continue in-house activities supporting advanced combustion technology systems. ($482,000)

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Alternative Fuels ($2,011,000)

O Complete detailed combustion and system characterization and technical, economic, and environmental assessments on selected existing residential boiler/furnance systems firing CLM/micro-coal fuels. ($2,011,000)

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-58.3%

Includes reductions in accordance with P.L. 99-177, the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (Gramm-Rudman-Hollings)

The Fuel Cell program supports high risk, high payoff technology base development to assist private industry in developing hydrocarbon fuel conversion technologies. Fuel cells, which rely on an electrochemical reaction rather than combustion, can potentially increase the cost effectiveness, efficiency, and environmental acceptability of conventional and alternative hydrocarbon fuels.

No funds are requested in FY 1987 for phosphoric acid fuel cell systems. The objective for this program will have been achieved by the end of FY 1986 and full responsibility for further development and application of phosphoric acid fuel cell technologies should be left to the private sector.

The technical feasibility of molten carbonate fuel cells operating at approximately 60 percent electrical conversion efficiency (natural gas to busbar) has been forecasted by single cell testing. The complexity and associated capital costs of advanced fuel cell systems are projected to be less than those for first generation phosphoric acid fuel cell systems. The $3,400,000 requested for the molten carbonate fuel cell will be used to:

O Continue development of external and/or internal reforming molten carbonate stacks. ($2,600,000)

O Continue technology base research on cell components and corrosion resistant materials. ($800,000)

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