duced me, at an early period, to recommend the adoption of this meafure in the most earnett and ferious manner. As the proceedings of Congrefs, the army, and myself, are open to all, and contain, in my opinion, fufficient information to remove the prejudices and errors which may have been entertained by any, I think it unneceffary to fay any thing more, than just to obferve, that the refolutions of Congrefs, now alluded to, are as undoubtedly and abfolutely binding upon the United States, as the most folemn acts of confederation or legifiation. As to the idea, which, I am informed, has, in fome inftances, prevailed, that the half-pay and commutation are to be regarded merely in the odious light of a penfion, it ought to be exploded for ever: That provifion fhould be viewed, as it really was, a reafonable compenfation offered by Congrefs, at a time when they had nothing elfe to give to officers of the army, for services then to be performed: it was the only means to prevent à total dereliction of the fervice: it was a part of their hire: I may be allowed to fay, it was the price of their blood, and of your independency; it is therefore more than a common debt; it is a debt of honour; it can never be confidered as a penfion, or gratuity, nor cancelled until it is fairly difcharged. With regard to the distinction between officers and foldiers, it is fufficient that the uniform experience of every nation of the world, combined with our own, proves the utility and propriety of the difcrimination. Rewards in proportion to the aids the public draws from them are unquestionably due to all its fervants. In fome lines, the foldiers have, perhaps, generally had as ample compenfation for their fervices, by the Targe bounties which have been paid them, as their officers will receive in the propofed commutation; in others, if, befides the donation of land, the payment of arrearages of clothing and wages (in which articles all the component parts of the army must be put upon the fame footing) we take into the estimate the bounties many of the foldiers have received, and the gratuity of one year's full pay, which is promifed to all, poffibly their fituation (every circumftance being duly confidered) will not be deemed lefs eligible than that of the officers. Should a further reward, however, be judged equitable, I will venture to affert no man will enjoy greater fatisfaction than myself, in an exemption from taxes for a limited time (which has been petitioned for in fome inftances) or any other adequate immunity or compenfation granted to the brave defenders of their country's caufe. But neither the adoption or rejection of this propofition will in any manner affect, much leis militate against the act of Congrefs, by which they have offered five years full pay, in lieu of the half-pay for life, which had been before promited to the officers of the army. Before I conclude the subject of public justice, I cannot omit to mention the obligations this country is under to that meritorious clafs of veterans, the non-commiffioned officers and privates, who have been difcharged for inability, in confequence of the refolution of Congrefs, of the 23d of April, 1782, on an annual penfion for hite: their peculiar fufferings, their fingular merits and claims to that provifion, need only to be known, to intereft the feelings of humanity in their behalf; nothing but a punctual payment of their annual allowance can refcue them from the moft complicated mifery; and nothing could be a more melancholy and diftreffing fight, than to behold those who have fhed their blood, or loft their limbs in the fervice of their country, without a fhelter, without a friend, and without the means of obtaining any of the comforts or neceffaries of life, compelled to beg their daily bread from door to door. Suffer me to recommend those of this defcription, belonging to your State, to the warmest patronage of your Excellency and your legislature. It is neceffary to fay but a few words on the third topic which was propofed, and which regards particularly the defence of the Republic; as there can be little doubt but Congress will recommend a proper peace establishment for the United States, in which a due attention will be paid to the importance of placing the militia of the Union upon a regular and refpectable footing; if this fhould be the cafe, I fhould beg leave to urge the great advantages of it in the ftrongest terms. The militia of this country must be confidered as the palladium of our fecurity, and the first effectual refort in cafe of hostility: it is effential, therefore, that the fame fyftem should pervade the whole; that the formation and difcipline of the militia of the Continent should be abfolutely uniform; and that the fame species of arms, accoutrements, and military apparatus, fhould be introduced in every part of the United States. No one, who has not learned it from experience, can conceive the difficulty, expence, and confufion which refult from a contrary fyftem, or the vague arrangements which have hitherto prevailed. If, in treating of political points, a greater latitude than usuai has been taken in the courfe of this addrefs, the importance of the crifis, and the magnitude of the objects in difcuffion, must be my apology: It is, however, neither my with nor expectation, that the preceding obfervations should claim any regard, except to far as they fhall appear to be dictated by a good intention; confonant to the immutable rules of justice; calculated to produce a liberal fyftem of policy, and founded on whatever experience may have been acquired by a long and clofe attention to public bufinefs. Here I might fpeak with more contidence, from my actual obfervations; and if it would not fwell this letter (already too prolix) beyond the bounds I had prefcribed myself, I could demonstrate to every mind open to conviction, that in lefs time, and with much lefs expence than has been incurred, the war might have been brought to the fame happy conclufion, if the refources of the Continent could have been properly called forth: that the diftreffes and difappointments which have very often occurred, have, in too many inftances, refulted more from a want of energy in the Continental Government, than a deficiency of means in the particular States: That the inefficacy of measures, arifing from the want of an adequate authority in the fupreme power, from a partial compliance with the requifitions of Congrels in fome of the States, and from a failure of punctuality in others, while they tended to damn the zeal of thofe who were more willing to exert themselves, ferved alfo to accumulate the expences of the war, and to fruftrate the best concerted plans; and that the difcouragement mention thofe things which are notorious facts, I have thus freely difclofed what I wished to make known, before I furrendered up my publick trust to those who committed it to me: The talk is now accomplished; I now bid adieu to your Excellency, as the Chief Magiftrate of your State; at the fame time I bid a laft farewell to the cares of office, and all the employments of publick fite. It remains, then, to be my final and only requeft, that your Excellency will communicate thefe fentiments to your legislature, at their next meeting; and that they may be confidered as the legacy of one who has ardently wifhed, on all occafions, to be useful to his country, and who, even in the fhade of retirement, will not fail to implore the divine benediction upon it. I now make it my earneft prayer, that God would have you, and the State over which you prefide, in his holy protection; that he would incline the hearts of the citizens to cultivate a fpirit of fubordination and obedience to government; to entertain a brotherly affection and love for one another, for their fellow-citizens of the United States at large, and particularly for their brethren who have ferved in the field; and finally, that he would most graciously be pleafed to dilpofe us all to do juftice, to love mercy, and to demean ourfelves with that charity, humility, and pacific temper of mind, which were the characteristics of the Divine Author of our bleffed religion; without an humble imitation of whofe example, in these things, we can never hope to be a happy nation. peye the honour to be, with much efteem and refpect, Sir, Your Excellency's most obedient, and most humble fervant, N MARRIAGES. the roth of January, 1783, at Calcutta, in Bengal, Major John Grattan, of the 100th regiment, and Adjutant-general to his Majesty's forces in India, to Mils Lucia Cary, eldest daughter of the late Hon. Lucius Ferdinand Cary, Efq. Colonel of the 89th regiment, Member of Parliament for Bridport, and only fon of Lord Viscount Falkland.-July 8. At Ballythail, in the King's county, in Ireland, the Rev. Edmund Burton, Cancellor and Archdeacon of Tuam, to Mifs Judge.-11. At Trevylan, in Cardiganshire, the Rev. John Williams, Mafter of the Grammar-fchool at Ystradmeirig, to Mifs Jane Rogers.-15. John Kidgell Sandon, Efq. of Chefhunt, Herts, to Mifs Vincent.-17. Edmund Woods, Efq. of Shipwick, in Suffex, to Mifs Catharine Ommaney. -21. Lieutenant-Colonel Gore, of the Oxfordfire militia, to Mifs Langton, only daughter and heiress of the late Jofeph Langton, Elq. of Newton-Park, in Somerfedhire.-At York, the Hon. Grenville Anfon Chetwynd, third fon of Lord Viscount Chetwynd to Mifs Stapylton, only daughter of the late Henry Stapylton, Efq. -Thomas James, Efq. of the Middle Temple, to Mifs James.-30. At Coldham, Sir Thomas Gage, Bart. to Mifs Maria Tergus.-31. At Gloucefter, the Rev. Mr. Davies, of Sodbury, to Mifs Smith.-Aug. 1. The Rev. Mr. Seward, of St. Bury, in Gloucestershire, to Mifs Sukey, Philips.-2. Thomas Field, Efq. of the 44th regiment, to Mifs Stonehoufe.-4. Mr. Thew, brewer, in St. Giles's, to Mifs Goftling.-5. Johnfon Wilkinfon, Efq. furveyor of the General Pott-Office, to Mifs Ofborn.-6. At the Quaker's Meeting-house, Gracechurch-strees; Mr. Tritton, of Lombard-ftreet, banker, to Mils Barclay. 7. At Lambeth, by his Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury, Morton Eden, Elq. his Majesty's Envoy-Extraordinary at the Court of Saxony, to Lady Elifabeth Henley, youngest filter to the Earl of Northington.-8. The Right Hon. the Earl of Eglintoun, to Mits Twyfden, daughter of the late Sir William Twylden, Bart. DEATH S. March the 31st died, in the parish of Henville, in Normandy, a remarkable dwarf, aged twenty-one years, and only two feet, four inches and three lines high. His voice was a little more mafculine than that of a child of the fame fize, but he hardly used to speak any thing but fingle words, fuch as yes or no, good bye, I will, I won't; he imitated the cries of a dog. cat, and theep; pointed with his hand to what he knew, and would laugh and cry, although commonly melancholy. He feemed to be occupied with nothing, and in short, had all the appearance of a child of three years old; his health was bad, he drew his breath hard, and had none, or little perceivable pulfe. His mother says, he was extremely weak when he came into the world, and feemed to have no bones, but was not crooked; he was extremely deformed, however, all his life. On being measured when dead, he meafured an inch and two lines more than when he was measured alive.-May 9. At Baffora, on his way 1783. MONTHLY CHRONOLOGER. way home, Capt. William Ogilvie, in the fervice of the Hon. Eaft-India Company.-July 19. At Kidderminker, aged 65, the Rev. John Orton, formerly paftor of the diffenting congregation at Shrewsbury.-20. At Naples, Cardinal Rezzonico, of an oppreflion of the breast, just as he was dreffing. to go to the Vatican. This prelate was a Venetian, nephew to Clement XIII. His death is a great lofs to the learned, and ftill greater to religion, of which, his morality and benevolence were firm fupporters.-22. At EweJane, in Oxfordshire, Benjamin Wheeler, D. D. Canon of Christ-Church, and King's Profeffor of Divinity-24. Thomas Tyndall, Efq. of South Cerney, in Gloucestershire, one of his Majesty's Deputy Lieutenants.-26. At Crathes, in Scotland, Sir Thomas Burnet, of Leys, Bart. -29. At Longford, in Ireland, aged 116 years, Alexander Kilpatrick, Efq. formerly colonel of an Irish regiment of foot, under the Duke of Marlborough.-Aug. 1. At his houfe in Chandos-street, Cavendish-fquare, the Right Hon. Lord Viscount Hereford, Premier Viscount of England. MILITARY PROMOTIONS. From the LONDON GAZETTE. SECO -- 2d reg. Ni War-Office, July 1. ECOND troop of horse grenadier guards. John Harcourt Powel, Sub-lieutenant.-12th reg. foot. Charles Wale, Captain of a Company. 14th reg. foot. John Jones, Lieutenant. -16th reg. foot. John Gordon Cuming, Captain of a Company.-20th reg. foot. John Gafkill, Captain of a Company. Richard Nor man, Captain-Lieutenant. Jonas Jones, Lieu tenant 25th reg. foot. John Williamfon, Captain. H. A. Wright, Captain-Lieutenant30th reg. foot. William Minet, Captain.July & Seventh reg. dragoons. George Street, Cornet-16th reg. foot. Henry Craig, Lieutenant-Colonel. Hugh Wallace, Lieutenant.40th reg. foot. Nathaniel Coffin, Enfign. Peter Cuninghame, Lieutenant.-43d. reg. foot. John Marland, Lieutenant.-68th reg. foot. Samuel Chambers, Lieut.-S2d reg. foot. The Hon. Colin Lindfay, Lieutenant-Colonel,-92d reg. foot. Bates Watfon, Lieut.-July 12. dragoon guards. Charles Crauford, of 82d foot, Captain of a Troop.--2d. reg. foot. cholas Ramfay, on half pay of the 2d foot, Enfign.-6th reg. foot. Thomas Welch, on halfpay of the 96th foot, Captain of a Company.9th reg, foot. William Rofe, on half-pay of the 9th foot, Lieutenant-15th reg. foot. John Butler Stopford, of 82d reg. enfign.-17th reg. foot. John Lancaster, Lieutenant.-27th reg. foot. James Hamilton, on half-pay in the late 73d regiment, Captain-Lieutenant. John Cartwright Blake, Gent. Enfign.-60th reg. foot, ift battalion, William Bradshaw Clinton, Gent. Enfign.-62d. reg. foot. James Fisher, Lieutenant,-69th reg. foot. William Patterson, Gent. Enfign.-82d. reg. foot. James Durham, of 2d. dragoon guards, Captain of a Company. William Markham, of 15th foot, enfign. 10th reg. dragoons. Peter Shadwell, late of 20th dragoons, to be Adjutant.-36th reg. foot. Captain Daniel Paterfon, late of an additional company in the 55th, Captain of an additional Company. 46th reg. foot. Lieut. Col. Hon. Colin Lindfay, of 82d, Lieut. Colonel.-82d reg. foot. Licut. Col. Enoch Markham, of 46th, 183 Lieutenant-Col.-July 19. 1ft reg. foot guards. Burgh, Gent. Enfign.-6th reg. foot. William William Caulfield Archer, Lieutenant; Fyth Haynes, Lieut.-21ft reg. foot. Robert Innes, Captain of a Company; Andrew Fletcher, First Lieutenant; Gilbert Congalton, Gent. Second Lieutenant.-27th reg. foot. Richard Hawkins, Lieut.-29th reg. foot. Boyle Vandeleur, from half-pay of 20th, Lieutenant.-45th reg. foot. Thomas Worthington, Gent. Enfign.-47th reg. foot. Charles Baldwin, Lieutenant; Marcus Baker Littlehales, Lieutenant.-60th reg. foot, Marr, Gent. Enfign.-58th reg. foot. Edward 2d battalion. George Prevost, of 47th reg. CapEnfign; Henry Lofack, of late 87th, Lieutenant. tain of a Company; George Glover, Gent. -60th reg. foot, 4th battalion. Ambrofe Lane, from half-pay of late 81ft, enfign.-73d reg. rft Gent. Enfign.-63d reg. foot. David Andrew, battalion. Robert Hamilton, of 82d, Lieutenant; James Orr, Gent, Quarter-matter.-82d Lieutenant.reg. foot. John M'Dougall, of 1ft battalion 73d, -94th reg. foot. Robert Cane, Gent. Enfign. 97 th reg. foot. Frederick Ralph Hardyman, Gent. Enfign; from 25th, Quarter-Maiter.-July 20. 22d reg. Mackay, foot. Winckworth Tonge, from the Fencible American regiment, enfign.-23d reg. foot. James Gent. fecond Lieutenant.-37th reg. foot Mackenzie, firft Lieutenant. Peter Robinson, thend Nichols, Captain of a Company. John Digby, Captain of a Company. William JohnWilbar Cook, Captain-Lieutenant. Thomas fton, of 55th reg. Lieut.-40th reg. foot, Wald. Pelham Clay, Captain-Lieutenant.-John BowEnfign. Mark Wright, Gent. Quarter-Mafter. land Lieutenant.-54th reg, foot. Mark Wright, 57th reg. foot. Harry St. Clair, Captain-Lieut Philip Vaumorel, Lieut. Matthew Kerr, CapJames Bowle, from 22d. reg. Lieut.-60th reg. tain of a Company. James Baillie, Lieut. 3d battalion. Rev. Charles Morgan, Chaplain. fign-74th reg. foot. Donald M'Lean, Lieut.. -6oth reg. 4th battalion. Rush Clarke, En Colin M'Lean, Enfign.-82d reg. foot. Thomas McKie, Quarter-Mafter.-Royal garrifon legion. William Campbell, Cornet.-Queen's battalion. John M Willie, Lieutenant.-British American reg. Capt. of Cavalry. ranger's. Capt. M. Robinfon, from the Loyal Swift Armitrong, Lieut. I. B. Haight, of 37th of the 2d De Lancey's, Lieutenant of Infantrys Potts, Barker, Lieut. Henry Nafe, Enfign. reg. Eufign. King's American reg. Thomas Commissions figned by bis Majefty for the Army in Ireland. Nor 103d foot, Captain-Lieutenant.-5th dragoons, Royal Irish Artillery. Charles Rainsford Hall. Second Lieutenant. 1 PRICES of STOCKS, &c. in AUGUST, 1783. Compiled by C. DOMVILLE, Stock-Broker, No. 95, Cornhill. N. B. In the 3 per Cent. Confols. the higheft and lowest Price of each Day is given in the other Stocks the highest Price only, 5 14 16 이 THE LONDON MAGAZINE, ENLARGED AND IMPROVED, FOR SEPTEMBER, 1783. PARLIAMENTARY HISTORY. was a de, On man, and vindicated their proceedings N the 1ft of April there was a de- ticularly on General Smith, the chairfrom every imputation which had been thrown out by the Governor, in order to bring them into difcredit and suspicion with the Houfe. Governor Johnstone did not object to printing the report, because he confidered it as of too frivolous a nature to do any injury to fuch characters as had been introduced into the lift of its accufations. He reprobated the myfterious, equivocal, and difingenuous conduct of the committee. He was not fingular in his opinion of their proceedings. A friend of his had actually quitted them because fo much partiality and irregularity prevailed amongst them. Mr. Burke pronounced a warm panegyric on the Committee; and parLOND. MAG. Sept. 1783. oppofed the printing of the report, on Mr. S. Smith and Lord Mulgrave the ground that it might prejudice the minds of the public, and hinder the election of the candidates, whofe names were held out in a very difadvantageous point of view, before they had the power of clearing themfelves from the charges alledged against them. objection of no weight. Mr. Sullivan Mr. Burke, however, thought this had undergone, in May, 1782, the cenfure of the Houfe; and if any thing judice the public against him, it was tended to affect his election and prethat cenfure, and not the prefent report. He moved to have the refoluSullivan had been paffed by the Houfe. tions read, in which the cenfure of Mr. on the motion for printing the report, After this the Speaker put the question and it was carried without a divifion. miniftry was announced by the feveral The next day, April 2d, the new motions made by Mr. Sheridan, Mr. Byng, and Mr. St. John, for new writs for the feveral places vacated by Mr. Fox, Lord John Cavendish, and Lord North, who had accepted the great offices of ftate. poned to that day fe'ennight, as Mr. |
