also omitted; as is A Dissertation in which the defence of P. Sulla, ascribed to Cicero, is clearly proved to be spurious; after the manner of Mr. Markland." From the account of translations, we extract the following notice.

ON OLD AGE.

LOND. fol, 1481. (And Boke of Freendship: Declaracyon shewing wherein Honoure sholde reste.)

This is supposed to be one of the best printed volumes which ever issued from the press of Caxton. It is extremely rare and valuable. At the end of the Boke of Olde Age,' we find the following curious colophon:

• Explicit :

Thus endeth the boke of Tulle of Olde Age translated out of latyn in to frenshe by laurence de primo facto at the commandement of the noble prynce Loyis Duc of Burbon, and emprynted by me symple persone William Caxton in to Englysshe at the playsir solace and reuerence of men growyng in to olde age the xii day of August the yere of our lord. M.CCC.LXXXI.

• The 'boke of friendship' and the Declaration immediately follow, after which, we find the Answer of Lucresse unto her fader,' the • Oracion of Publius Cornelius Scipio,' the Oracion of Cayus flamineus,' and an Eulogy, by Caxton, on the translator, with which the volume ends. At the end we find the following remarkable conclusion: "Thus endeth this boke, named Tullius de Amicicia, which "treateth of frendship uttered & declared by a noble senator of rome "named Lelyus, unto his two sones in law also noble men of rome, "named Faunyus and Seuola. Jn which they desyred him to enforme "them of the frendship, that was bytwene the said Lelyus and the noble .66 prynce Scipio Affrican. wherein he hath answered & told to them the "noble vertues that ben in frendship. And withoute vertue veray "frendship may not be. as he preuyth by many exsamples and notable "conclusions as here to fore is moche playnly expressyd & said all a "longe, which werke was translated by the vertuous and noble lord and "Erle, therle of worcestre. on whose sowle J beseche almyghty God "to have mercy, And Alle ye that shal rede or here this sayd werke "of your charyte J beseche you to pray for hym. And by cause this "said boke de Amicicia is ful necessarye and requysite to be had and "knowen J have put it in emprynte, to thentent, that veray Amyte "and frendship may be had as it ought to be in euery estate and de"gree, And vertue withoute which frendship may not be had. may "be encreased. and vices eschewid. Thenne whan J had emprynted "the book of olde age, which the said Tullius made, me semed it ac"cordyng that this said boke of frendship should folowe, by cause, "ther cannot be annexed to olde age a better thynge, than good & "6 very frendship. which two said bokes heretofore wreton ben of greet "wisdom and auctoryte. And full necessarye behoefull and requysite "vnto every age, estate, and degree, And that they prouffyte in en"crecying of vertue, J beseche the blessyd Trynyte to geue and

66 graunte vnto alle them that shall rede and here thise bokes. And so "to flee and eschewe vices and synnes, that by the merytes of ver"tuous honeste, and good werkes, we may atteyne after this shorte, transytorye lif the eternall blessyd lyf in heuen, where is ioye and glory withoute end: Amen." The noble translator's name was Tiptoft, Earl of Worcester. See Herbert's Typogr. Antiq. v. i. p. 30-5; the British Librarian, p. 255-61; Lord Orford's Royal and Noble Authors, by Park; (if I recollect rightly, this nobleman is introduced in this work by Mr. Park ;) Dibdin's Bibl. Spencer. v. iv. p. 255-6; and Typog. Antiq. v. i. p. 126-9; and Brunet, t. i. p. 329.' We have already supplied some particulars of the estimated value of the preceding book.

No complete edition of Demosthenes issued from an English press is noticed by Mr. Moss. Taylor's was left unfinished. An edition in four volumes, forming part of the Attic Orators, was published at the Clarendon Press in 1823. The text is Bekker's, and, so far as we have been able to examine it, appears to be correctly printed. We should be glad to learn that it is intended by the Delegates to complete this publication by some additional volumes of notes.

Of the Tragedies of Euripides published separately, Monk's edition of the Alcestis, the Heraclide by Elmsley, and Herman's edition of the Hercules Furens, have escaped the notice of the Author; other omissions, too, might be pointed out.

Professor Gaisford's edition of Hesiod, in his publication of the Poeta Minores Graci' from the Clarendon Press 1814, should have been added to the list in Mr. Moss's first volume, p. 472. No part of its contents is noticed by him in any of his descriptions.

A copy of the Editio Princeps of Homer Florent. 1488, was sold at Mr. Willett's sale for 881. 4s. A copy of the Roman edition of 1542-1550, which, Mr. Moss remarks, is not described by any bibliographer, was also sold at the same auction for 587. 16s. To the editions of Homer described by Mr. Moss, there should have been added R. P. Knight's, and the very useful edition of the Iliad, Valpy, 1819. Ruhnken's edition of the Hymni, 1808, is also omitted. To Mr. Moss's list of critical and illustrative works on Homer, many additions might be made. Maclaurin's Dissertation to prove that Troy ' was not taken by the Greeks,' is noticed; but no notice is taken of Bryant's Dissertation on the War of Troy,' and the several publications which followed in the controversy. Granville Penn's Primary Argument of the Iliad,' has also escaped Mr. Moss's attention.

No fewer than 109 pages of the second volume of the 'Clas'sical Manual' are occupied with descriptions of the various

editions and translations of Horace, including commentaries: We shall copy an article or two relating to the early editions of this Roman poet.

EDITIO PRINCEPS. This edition is excessively rare and valuable; it has neither paging-figures, catch-words, nor signatures. Maittaire, who first gave a description of this volume, supposes it to have been printed by Zarotus, at Milan, about 1470, and took no inconsiderable pains to prove that it was really printed by the abovementioned printer; and subsequent bibliographers have coincided with him in this supposition, among which number may be ranked the following: Panzer, Orlandi, Saxius, De Bure, Ernesti, Harles, Beloe, Dibdin, and Brunet. Gesner found the text of this edition so accurate and pure, that he esteemed it of manuscript authority: his words are ; "Possides exemplum primæ quæ adhuc innotuit edi❝tionis, cuivis libro manuscripto facile comparandum, quæ editio cum "nullam editoris, loci, temporis, expressam mentionem habeat, ne "titulum quidem s. indicem, conjectura nescio quam probabili An"tonio Zaroto Parmensi et Mediolano, et anno circiter 1470, a Mait"tairio adsignatur. Literæ sunt ejus formæ, quam Jensonius adhi"buit, sed paulo minus cultæ et incompositæ." On the recto of fol. 1. without any prefix, we read the following titular head-line, which is immediately succeeded by the first ode of book i., thus;

QVINTI ORATII FLACCI CAR

MINVM LIBER PRIMVS.
ECOENAS ATAVIS EDITE
REGIBVS.

O & præsidium & dulce decus meum
Sunt quos curriculo pulvere olympicū
&c. &c. &c.

• Beneath these verses are 18 more. A full page contains 26 lines: After the Carmen Seculare, on the reverse of the 74th leaf we have the following tetrastich, which the compilers of the Bibliotec. Portatil. v. ii. p. 94, considered to be so much in the style of Mombrizio, the corrector of Lavagna's press, that they supposed it to have been executed by that printer in 1469; (in the copy inspected by Santander, these verses were placed at the end of the volume ;) Hoc quicunq; dedït Venusini carmen Horatii :

Et studio formis correctum effinxit in istis

V ivat & æterno sic nomine sæcula uincat

O mnia: ceu nunquam numeris abolebitur auctor.

'On the recto of the ensuing leaf the Epistles commence in a manner similar to the Odes, in large capitals; the Art of Poetry and Satires also commence with large capitals; at the end of the Satires the volume ends thus ;

• Vt nihil omnino gustaremus, uelut illis
Canidia afflasset. peior serpentibus aphris.

F I N

S.

As each of these parts commences with its own proper title, the parts are not always disposed in the order above-mentioned, and it is equally probable, (if not more so,) that the Art of Poetry was originally placed the last in order, and not the Satires. At the sale of Dr. Askew's library a copy was sold for 177. 6s. 6d. which was purchased for his late Majesty.

66

MEDIOL. 4to. 1474. Apud Zarotum.

The first edition with a date; it is extremely rare and valuable: the text appears to have been either taken from the same M.S. as the Ed. Pr. or from the Editio Princeps itself, for in those few passages where I have compared them, I have found exactly the same readings; but it is not free from typographical errors. It is briefly called perrara" in the Cat. Bibl. Pinell. v. ii. p. 325. The following arrangement is observed in the disposition of the contents of this volume: 1st. we have the Odes, Epodes, and Secular Poem, which are immediately followed by the Art of Poetry and the Satires; with the Epistles the volume concludes, which consists of 123 leaves, on the reverse of the last of which, after the colophon, is the following line';

"Quisquis hæc cœmerit: nunq pœnitebit."

This printer published, for the first time, in this year, the Commentaries of Acro and Porphyrio, which are considered by Mr. Dibdin as a part of this volume; but they were, in my opinion, printed separately; though, perhaps, intended by Zarotus as a supplement to the volume now under description; for an account of which, refer to it under the head of Commentaries, &c. A copy of this edition was sold at Dr. Askew's sale for 91. 19s. 6d.; at Laire's, for 36l. 7s. 6d.'

A copy of the Editio Princeps was sold at Mr. Willett's sale for 371. 16s. In the same collection there was a copy of the editio Mediol. 1474, which brought eighteen guineas, but it was without the Commentaries of Acro and Porphyrio, which, as Mr. Moss conjectures, were probably a separate publication. Mr. Willett's library contained also copies of the editio Florent. 1482, one of which sold for six guineas, and the other for 10. 15s. A copy of the rare and curious edition printed by Reinhardus, at Strasburgh, 1498, was sold at the same sale for thirteen guineas.

That, in respect to some of the most curious articles, Mr. Moss has not sought for all the information which his readers might expect to receive from him, is very apparent from the account which he gives of the Editio Princeps of Livy.

'Brienne-Laire's copy, which is in his index described as being a very large one, and illuminated, sold for 31l. 5s. 4d. "Mr. Ed"wards, of Pall Mall, has a magnificent copy of this edition upon ❝ vellum, the history of which is very curious.-Mr. Dibdin, vol. ii. p. 33, says, it came from the Imperial Library at Vienna, but he is "mistaken: the following is its history. The French were in pos"session of a certain part of Italy, where this book was; they had

66

"information concerning it, and ordered it to be seized. It was, "however, secreted by a friend of Mr. Edwards, who had obtained it "for him. He was obliged, however, to conceal it for a considerable "time, till he had the opportunity of taking it with him to Bologna. "Here it remained for another interval, till the same person found "means of conveying it to Venice. From Venice it was removed to "Vienna, and there delivered to the British minister. By the arms, "it probably belonged to Pope Alexander VI. or his brother. Lord "Spencer and the Bishop of Ely also have copies."

To the preceding account, from Beloe's "Anecdotes," Mr. Moss should have added, that the splendid specimen of the press of Sweynheim and Pannartz, described as belonging to the late Mr. Edwards, is the only copy known to exist on vellum, and that, at the sale of his books, it was purchased by Mr. Arch for 9031.

Mr. Moss has noticed the editions of Livy recently printed in this country, most of which combine Drakenborch's text with Crevier's notes; an arrangement which cannot be applauded as judicious. The 8vo. edition of 1813' is a reprint of Crevier's text accompanied with his notes. The Dublin edition, 7 vols. 8vo. 1797-1813, is omitted in Mr. M.'s list.

Busby's Version of Lucretius has escaped Mr. Moss's notice in the account which he has given of English translations of that poet. In the account of commentaries and illustrations of Plato's writings, the valuable analyses and critical and explanatory remarks of Gray, comprised in the splendid edition of his works by Mr. Matthias, should not have been overlooked.

The following article should have found a place in the Manual:' Strabonis Geographia, Latine, fol. Roma, per Sweynheim et Pannartz MCCCCLXIX. A copy of this work, which is one of the very rare productions (only 275 copies were printed) of the above printers, was included in Mr. Edwards's collection, and sold for 427. It is described as one of the finest specimens of their press,- typus ita integer ac nitidus apparet, • ut non sine jucunditate a Bibliophilis spectari possit.' Audiffredi. Nor is this the only work which we are able to add to Mr. Moss's list the following publication preceded by several years the editio princeps, Grace,-Strabo de Situ Orbis, Latine. Joh. Vercellensis, 1494.

:

The editions of Terence are not all enumerated by the Author of this Manual.' Among the omissions may be included, Terentii Comadia, cum Comment. Var. Paris. Roigny, 1552. Terentii Comadia, cum Præfatione Benedicti Philologi Florentini. -Florent. P. de Giunta, 1596. Terentii Comadia, Lug. Bat. Hack, 1643.