should be shaped with a long-term perspective and a permanence planned for drug abuse services. Looking back and looking ahead, any long-term analysis and plan cannot deny the need for services in ethnic populations in our communities. In this context, the Asian Pacific community in Los Angeles, in California, and in the country are woefully underserved. This is the fastest growing population in Los Angeles, and our experience has been that drug abuse problems exist as much in this community as any other. Moreover, our projections are that these problems will dramatically increase in very short order. The Asian Pacific community is as complex as it is large. The differences among the various ethnic groups are dramatic. In my written testimony, I go into some detail about some of the cultural parameters of the drug abuse problems, and the population in general. Language, customs, degree of acculturation, et cetera, add to these differences. Bilingual and bicultural services are absolutely required in order to adequately serve this population. Current services have struggled through over a decade of public policy neglect. This is an opportunity to make a change in that. In other parts of the State and country, Asian Pacific services have not even begun. My recommendations, then, are that the committee look very hard at what has occurred over the past 10 years, and use its authority to influence policies and practices in two general areas, how the service delivery system overall is faring, and how the Asian Pacific communities are and are not being served. Here in L.A., Asian Pacific drug abuse programs is synonymous with the Asian American Drug Abuse Program I work for. For many years, we were the only program in the country that was funded to specifically target the Asian Pacific community. The words "drug crisis," mean when people start dying on the street, and that indeed was occurring in 1970, 1971. AADAP was formed in 1972 and funded in 1973 through a Federal initiative. The organizing of the local communities that occurred then was the first time in L.A. that Asian Pacific community members were able to talk with each other and work together on a common issue. We receive funding for out-patient services, a residential program and in 1975, for prevention. Through the 1970's, things were looking very good for us, very good for the Asian Pacific community. We felt that we had a model program. We felt that a comprehensive, well-coordinated program was a very effective way to reach any community. With the existence of AADAP in L.A., we felt we had the Asian Pacific community drug problems in fairly good hands. As the decade went on, we continued on that course. There was organizing on a national level where ethnic minorities from throughout the country organized to shape national policy. There were national training projects that were ethnic-specific. By the end of the 1970's the picture changed. Here in L.A. and the State of California, Prop 13 eventually impacted AADAP. In 1981, block grant legislation was a real kick in the teeth, and AADAP in 1981, lost about 8 percent of its funding. In 1975, AADAP had 5 outpatient counselors and seven outreach workers. Today we have three outpatient counselors. Three counselors is totally inadequate to provide out-patient services in this county. Over that same period, there have been a number of trends that have had an impact on programs in the community. There has been virtually no cost-of-living increases, and inflation has increased perhaps 150 percent. As the drug contracts were channeled down to the local level, there has been an institutionalization of contract processes, and we have had to spend more time on administrative activities. Looking back 10 years, considering what we had in the seventies, what the trends have been, and what is occurring now, and if you look at that in the context of the 94 percent increase in the Asian Pacific population here in Los Angeles, of the trend and shifts in the nature of that population, where some 90 percent, 95 percent now of the Asian Pacific population are foreign-born, services are not sufficient to adequately serve this community. I would recommend that the committee look hard at what has occurred in the system and take this opportunity to make some corrections in the area of Asian Pacific drug abuse services. I would make four specific recommendations: First, I recommend that the committee immediately inquire into the various Asian Pacific communities throughout the country and ask community leaders where the drug problems are in their communities, and encourage, if not require, that local government address that problem. I would recommend that the committee seek to fund a national research project. My comments are based on our experiences in the program here in Los Angeles. Fund a national research project that would look into and verify some of our speculation about drug problems in the Asian Pacific community. A third specific recommendation that I would make is that the committee recommend and seek to fund a national training project, help to provide sensitivity about the history, the culture and service methodologies for Asian Pacifics. Finally, a specific recommendation is that the committee use its influence to encourage that services here in Los Angeles in two specific methodologies be increased three-fold: In prevention services and in out-patient services. Thank you. [The statement of Mr. Watanabe appears on p. 106.] Mr. HAWKINS [presiding]. The next witness is Mr. Guiness. TESTIMONY OF V. G. GUINESS, SEY YES, INC., ACCOMPANIED BY ROSEMARY SLEET Mr. GUINESS. My name is Mr. V.G. Guiness, and I am very longwinded, so I will let my assistant director speak to you briefly. Ms. SLEET. We want to thank you for letting a grassroots program come before you and talk to you about what we see in our city. We have a program called Alternative Approach to the Reduction of Gang Violence, and are now in 200 schools, and last year, we affected probably about 100,000 youth, but what we see among our young people, we feel that the drug problem has to do with the unemployment rate. We know our unemployment rate among blacks is something around 30 percent and when we see young people not old enough to have driver's licenses, drive new trucks, Cadillacs, MercedesBenzes, wear a lot of gold and have beepers, that tells us something about how they are making their money. We have rock corners, houses in all our neighborhoods, and young people that will approach you walking down the street, driving your car, stop at a stop light, and to sell you rock or heroine. When we look at our school statistics, we find that over last year, weapons in lockers went up over 400 percent. There was a 440-percent increase of weapons displayed on campuses, and a 33-percent increase in hard drug use, and we have 5,000 young people suspected or arrested for crime on campus. So it is very, very frightening. We get calls at SEY YES every day from parents that ask for our help, because their kids are refusing to go to schools. Some have nightmares. Many of them, their grades are suffering. These parents are scared and angry because of what they feel is happening to our children today. As a matter of fact, they have asked us to help them get a petition started for all parents to sign that want to see this problem resolved for emphasis. Gang-related crime in general is up, gang-related homicides are way up, by 25 to 30 percent, and all of it ties into the fact that some gang members are now becoming drug pushers and users. The innocent victims killed because of this growing problem has risen from 34 percent to 45 percent so far over last year. SEY YES feels that the hard line that the President is advocating be taken on drugs is necessary, but as an agency that is operating right down on the ground, side by side with these youth, seeing them get shot at, wounded, get killed, see gang members retaliate for the home boy that got killed and in turn see more killing. For the social and athletic events, the gang-related crisis and funerals, the protection of witnesses and assistance in rehabilitation the SEY YES crisis team and staff have been involved in, we say to all of you, as an agency, we would like to appeal to you to give your attention and money immediately to help young people with employment, with a prevention program, and we know a lot of this is going on, we would ask for more because if we don't, we are going to lose a whole generation of young people to criminal activities, wasted minds and death. Thank you. [The statement of Mr. Guiness and Ms. Sleet appears on p. 124.] Mr. RANGEL [presiding]. How is your program funded? What agency funds you? Ms. SLEET. Through the Office of Criminal Justice Planning, State agency, and we receive a small amount of funding from AB90 and the CDD Department of the city. Mr. RANGEL. Asian-American group, how are you funded? Mr. WATANABE. Through contracts with the country, some are Federal, some are State sources. Mr. RANGEL. Are there any members that wish to inquire? Ms. SLEET. SEY YES. Mr. DYMALLY. Say yes to what? Mr. GUINESS. We wanted to enroll kids in jobs. Once they were trained, we warned the employers, say yes, not no. Since we didn't have a name like Muhammad Ali or Sugar Ray Robinson, we wanted people to take a second look. Once we had our name, we changed it to S-E-Y instead of S-A-Y. Mr. RANGEL. We recognize the bill is not adequately funded, the bill just passed, but we are convinced with the work you are doing, and the fact that we are going to see a positive impact as a result of this initiative, that we will be able to get adequate funding for these programs. Mr. GUINESS. If we can add some more community-based programs who know the intelligence on the streets, we can get a better impact and help your committee. Mr. RANGEL. The next panel, City Councilman? Is Danny Tabor here? L.A. Assistant Chief of Police Barry Wade and Lieutenant Roger Coomes; Rita Walters; Dr. Jane Godfrey; Dr. Irma Strantz, Director, Drug Abuse Program Office, Los Angeles Department of Health Services; and Mimi Silbert, Ph.D., Delancey Street Foundation, Inc. Chief Wade? TESTIMONY OF L.A. ASSISTANT CHIEF OF POLICE BARRY WADE, I am Barry Wade, assistant police chief of Los Angeles. I very much appreciate the opportunity to participate in this panel today. I understand your staff is now passing out our statement. It is very complete, and I would hope you would take the time to have your staffs review it. Mr. RANGEL. Thank you. It will be part of the record. Mr. WADE. The city of Los Angeles has made a massive effort to control the flow of narcotics into the City. This year, our budget exceeds $10 million in the City of Los Angeles, and we are continuing to lose the battle on narcotics. This year alone, the first 9 months of 1986, the L.A. Police Department has seized over 10,000 pounds of cocaine in the greater L.A. area. We have seized over $21 million in cash from narcotics dealers, and arrested over 30,000 individuals, and the total street value of the seizures of narcotics by L.A. police officers so far this year exceeds $2.2 billion. We are scratching the surface and losing the battle. The street sales of narcotics is rampant, and drug-related homicides and other crimes continue to rise, and the loss of productivity in our society is increasing, and the pain and suffering and the decline of our society is occurring at a rapid pace. My written material covers our full spectrum approach to narcotics enforcement in the city of Los Angeles, and I assure you that we do attack the problem from every single level that we possibly can. We have a strong commitment on the part of all law enforcement agencies at the local, Federal and State levels to work on this problem together. DEA, FBI, L.A. county sheriff's department, FAA, Coast Guard, we all work together on joint task forces to do something regarding this horrendous problem, but more is needed, and I have three recommendations that the Federal Government strongly consider. Some are included in the most recent bill that you have passed. However, I urge you to keep this commitment for the next 10 to 15 years if we are going to have any real sustained success whatsoever. It is my opinion that because of the international aspects of narcotics trafficking, it is essential every single agreement and treaty that we make should contain provisions where the receiving country is required to demonstrate evidence of an ongoing eradication program within its own boundaries, and an effective program to prevent the exportation of narcotics to the United States. Secondly, it is very clear that Mexico is becoming the narcotics gateway to the United States. The Federal Government must protect the borders of this country, to prevent the influx of narcotics that is so widespread and coming into our city. The border of the State of California is beyond the control of local law enforcement agencies, beyond the control of the State agencies, and the Federal Government must make that long-standing commitment to make our border secure. The number one reason that I am here today is to talk to you about a program that we believe will be the final, ultimate solution to the demand problem. We believe that the Federal Government should take a leadership role and encourage and partially fund on a nationwide basis the DARE program, Drug Abuse Resistance Education, and this is the only hope that there is in the future to get at the young people before they get involved in the use of narcotics. DARE is a prevention program jointly sponsored at the current time by the L.A. Police Department and the L.A. Unified School District, a prevention program aimed at youth before they are subjected to peer pressure and the possibility of drug abuse on their own part. It is a 17-week curricula designed by Dr. Ruth Rich from the Los Angeles Unified School District, and she is here. It is presented to fifth and sixth grade students by uniformed and unarmed police officers, and those police officers are taken out of the hide of our annual budget without any additional funding from anyone, and the program started in 1983 and at the present time, it is included in all of the elementary schools within the City of L.A. and all of the junior high schools within our City, and over 60 other agencies throughout the United States have been trained in the DARE program, and are beginning those programs in their own communities. The entire State of Virginia has adopted DARE as a statewide program. DARE is a program designed to teach young people specifically how to say no to drugs. We teach people the consequences of drug use, how to resist the pressures of drugs, and teach them how to say no, give them specific techniques, show them how to build self-esteem and develop self-assertiveness and manage stress, nd at the end of the 17-week program, our research has indicated |