DOE's Civilian Radioactive Waste R&D program efforts are to

utilize all means directed or available through the Act or other authority to encourage and expedite the availability of licensed new at-reactor storage technologies.

Spent Fuel Storage R&D

DOE's spent fuel storage development program is intended to encourage and expedite the most efficient use of existing storage facilities and the addition of new, licensed capacity in a timely fashion. In FY 1986, as a result of cooperative agreements between DOE and utilities, two independent spent fuel storage installations were licensed by NRC. These demonstrations will be completed in FY 1988. In addition, another rod consolidation demonstration of spent fuel as part of a cooperative agreement with Northeast Utilities Services Company will be completed. We plan to continue cooperative activities in information exchange regarding spent fuel storage and disposal with non-nuclear weapon states and to continue to participate in international activities with the International Atomic Energy Agency, the Nuclear Energy Agency and the Federal Republic of Germany.

Program Direction

The FY 1988 budget request for program direction is $.2 million. At this level, three full-time equivalents would be funded to manage the Civilian Radioactive Waste R&D programs. Included are administrative and technical personnel who manage a broad range of activities such as: research, development, demonstration, industrial involvement and international programs.

Conclusion

In summary, the FY 1988 programs described in this

statement are designed in an efficient and effective manner to

achieve the national mandate of the NWPA to develop a

comprehensive and functional waste disposal system for spent fuel and high-level waste.

This concludes my remarks in support of the FY 1988 Nuclear Waste Fund and R&D programs. I shall be pleased to answer your questions at this time.

Ben C. Rusche is Director of the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management, U. S. Department of Energy (DOE). This is a new position, and carries with it the responsibility for dealing with the nation's nuclear waste problems as mandated by the Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982.

Before coming to DOE, Mr. Rusche was serving as President of
Management and Technical Resources, Inc., and also served as a
consultant to Secretary of Energy Donald Paul Hodel. He was Vice
President of Management Analysis Company from 1982 to 1984; a
member of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Task Group of the
President's Private Sector Survey on Cost Control in 1982; and
Special Assistant for Policy and Programs for Energy Secretary
James B. Edwards, 1981-82.

He was Director of the South Carolina Energy Research Institute from 1978 until joining DOE in 1981, and while on leave of absence from that post served as Director of Waste Management, Three Mile Island Recovery Operations, for General Public Utilities Corporation, overseeing a major portion of that recovery effort.

From 1977 to 1978, Mr. Rusche was Director of Health and Safety
for E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co. From 1975 to 1977, he served
as Director, Office of Nuclear Reactor Regulation, U. S. Nuclear
Regulatory Commission (NRC). He held various management positions
at the Savannah River Laboratory from 1960 to 1975, was Senior
Nuclear Engineer at Lockheed Aircraft Corporation from 1958 to
1960, and served as Nuclear Physicist at the Savannah River Plant
from 1953 to 1958.

In 1953, Mr. Rusche received a B.S. degree in physics from the Tennessee Polytechnic University and did graduate work in reactor engineering at the Georgia Institute of Technology.

Mr. Rusche received the NRC Award of the Year for Outstanding Management Ability in 1976. His current and past organizational memberships include the American Association for the Advancement of Science, Kappa Mu Epsilon, Board of Trustees and the Executive Committee of Furman University, and Vice President of the Association of Governors' Board of Universities and Colleges. A prolific writer, Mr. Rusche has authored and co-authored numerous articles on nuclear energy.

Born in Yazoo City, Mississippi, Mr. Rusche is married and has
three children.

June 1984

MONDAY, MARCH 2, 1987.

SOLAR AND RENEWABLE ENERGY, FUSION, AND
ENVIRONMENT, SAFETY AND HEALTH

WITNESSES

DONNA R. FITZPATRICK, ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR CONSERVATION AND RENEWABLE ENERGY

ALVIN W. TRIVELPIECE, DIRECTOR, OFFICE OF ENERGY RESEARCH MARY L. WALKER, ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR ENVIRONMENT, SAFETY AND HEALTH

ROBERT L. SAN MARTIN, DEPUTY ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY

Mr. BEVILL. The Committee will come to order. We are delighted to have three fine, distinguished people here. Madam Fitzpatrick, we will hear from you first, and then Dr. Trivelpiece, and finally Secretary Walker. We will hear your testimony and then ask questions after all three of you testify. You may proceed as you wish.

OPENING STATEMENT-SOLAR AND RENEWABLES

Miss FITZPATRICK. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.

I have a full statement I would like to have inserted in the record, if I may.

Mr. BEVILL. Without objection, so ordered.

Miss FITZPATRICK. I will make very brief summary remarks. Mr. Chairman, I appreciate the opportunity to appear today before the subcommittee to discuss the Department's renewable energy, energy systems, and energy storage programs. I am accompanied today by the new Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Conservation and Renewable Energy, Dr. John Berg, sitting behind me, and Dr. Robert San Martin who I know is well known to you as Deputy Assistant Secretary for Renewable Energy.

Renewable energy continues to play an important role in the nation's energy economy through a wide range of resource and technology options. These provide the private sector with a technology base on which technical choices can be made. These technologies can provide electricity, low, medium and high Btu gas, thermal energy, solid, liquid and gaseous fuels. They can complement conventional resources and contribute to the security of the nation's energy supply system. These resources are currently providing almost six quads or 8.7 percent of U.S. domestic production.

Their growth in the future will depend upon the cost and availability of other energy supplies and the cost of capital, energy supplier and user decision criteria, and a number of marketplace factors. We are optimistic that these domestic resources will supply production in the area of 11 to 12 percent of the nation's needs by (1155)

the year 2000 and as much as 12.5 quads or 14 to 15 percent by the year 2010.

The renewable energy budget request includes production, storage, and distribution technologies at various stages of maturity and economic viability. Our proposed fiscal year 1988 budget under this subcommittee's jurisdiction is $107.5 million. It reflects a sound and stable commitment to continuing progress in development of renewable energy technologies given the appropriate Federal role and the need to reduce Federal budget deficits. This proposal will increase our understanding and the realization of the potential for virtually all the most promising renewable energy options and substantially contribute to the base of technical information required for informed decisionmaking by both the public and private sectors. Mr. Chairman, this concludes my remarks, and I would be pleased to answer the questions the committee may have. [The statement of Donna R. Fitzpatrick appears at the end of this hearing.]

OPENING STATEMENT-MAGNETIC FUSION

Mr. BEVILL. Dr. Trivelpiece.

Dr. TRIVELPIECE. Thank you. Members of the Committee, it is a pleasure to be here. I would like my prepared statement inserted for the record also.

Mr. BEVILL. Without objection, it is so ordered.

Dr. TRIVELPIECE. I would like to introduce Dr. John Clarke, Director of the Fusion Program, and Jim Decker, my Deputy, who is behind me here.

As you may be aware, I am going to leave the Department of Energy fairly soon to take up the responsibilities as the Executive Officer of the American Association for the Advancement of Science and become the publisher of Science Magazine. This is not the last time I will appear before this committee, but it is probably the last time on this subject in this job.

I would like to use this occasion to make kind of a brief review of where we have been as part of my opening statement. The Fusion Engineering Act of 1980 is where things got started from my perspective. That was an imaginative piece of legislation, it had universal support, and was immediately passed into law. It seemed to come into law about the time the energy crisis seemed to diminish just a little bit, and for us working in the Executive Branch the ability to sell energy research was somewhat diminished.

The problem of resources became quite a serious issue. Although there was universal support for authorization, there was also difficulty in the appropriations process of trying to get funding that went along with the profile suggested in that legislation. For about a period of five years the fusion program had its ups and downs. Without going into any of the details about the Administration's and the Congress' differences, I don't want to dwell on those differences, but point out the progress has been rather outstanding when you think about it. At the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor at Princeton, construction has been completed. It has met all its design goals; it has operated. The temperature of the plasma originally designed for it has been achieved, as has the density, and the total