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Assyrian Deity. On a Rock Tablet at Malthaiyah.

Assyrian chairs.

Tel Afer.

In page 164

In page 165

In page 199

[blocks in formation]

Palace, Nimroud.)

A Table. (N.W. Palace, Nimroud.) Tables, or Stands for Jars. (N.W.

Eunuch Warrior in Battle. (N.W. Palace, Nimroud.)

Horsemen one drawing the Bow, the other holding the

Horses. (N.W. Palace, Nimroud.)

In page 216

A Boat carrying a Chariot, and Men swimming on inflated Skins. (N.W. Palace, Nimroud.)

In page 213

In page 214

Reins of both

In page 220

Flying Warrior turning back to discharge an Arrow. (N.W. Palace, Nim

roud.)

In page 221

The Obelisk.

In page 225

Elephant and Monkeys. (Obelisk, Nimroud.) Bactrian or Two-humped

Camels. (Obelisk, Nimroud.)

In page 226

The Bull, the Rhinoceros, and an Antelope. (Obelisk, Nimroud.) Large

[blocks in formation]

Plan 4.-Upper Chambers on the West Side of the Mound. (Nimroud.)

In page 249

Pottery found in the Tombs above the Ruins at Nimroud.

In page 253

Assyrian Horsemen pursuing & Man, probably an Arab,

on a Camel.

(Center Palace, Nimroud.)

In page 254

Helmets. (Center Palace, Nimroud.)

In page 255

Warriors before a besieged City. A Battering Ram drawn up to the Walls, and Captives impaled. (Center Palace, Nimroud.) In page 257 Assyrian Warriors fighting with the Enemy. An Eagle is carrying away the Entrails of the Slain. (Center Palace, Nimroud.) In page 258 Captive Women in a Cart drawn by Oxen. (Center Palace, Nimroud.) Walled City standing on a River or on the Sea. (Center Palace, Nimroud.) In page 259 Enemy asking quarter of Assyrian Horsemen. (S. W. Palace, Nimroud.)

In page 261

Part of a Bas-relief, showing a Pulley, and a Warrior cutting a Bucket from a Rope.

In page 262

Idols carried in Procession by Assyrian Warriors. (S.W. Ruins, Nimroud.)

Sitting figure in Basalt, from Kalah Sherghat.

Facing page 263

Assyrian Warriors hunting a Lion. (N.W. Palace, Nimroud.)
Procession of the Bull beneath the Mound of Nimroud.
Emblem of the Deity. (N.W. Palace, Nimroud.)

In page 272
In page 288

Facing page 297

In page 310

A House. (Kouyunjik.) The interior of a Tent. (Kouyunjik.) In page 317 Head of Winged Bull. (Khorsabad and Kouyunjik.) Head of Winged Monster. (Persepolis.)

Excavated Ruins at Kouyunjik.

Warrior with Shield. (Kouyunjik.)

In page 322 Facing page 323

In page 324

Head-Dress of the King. (Kouyunjik.) Manacles for the Feet. (Khorsabad and Kouyunjik.) Manacles for the Hands. (Khorsabad and Kouyunjik.)

A Galley. (Kouyunjik.)

A Galley. (Kouyunjik.) A Galley. (Khorsabad.)

In page 325

In page 327

In page 328

Coin probably of a City on the Syrian Coast during the Persian Occupation.

In page 329

Castle of a Maritime People, probably the Tyrians. (Kouyunjik.)

In page 330

An Archer. (Kouyunjik.) A Spearman. (Kouyunjik.) A Slinger. (Kouyunjik.)

Scribes writing down the Number of the Slain.
The King in his Chariot returning from Battle.

In page 332

(Kouyunjik.) In page 333 (Kouyunjik.)

Facing page 334

In page 335

A City taken by Assault, and the Inhabitants led away Captive. (Kouyunjik.) Warriors forming a Phalanx before the Walls of a besieged City. (Kouyunjik.)

In page 336

A Horseman pursued by Assyrian Warriors. (Kouyunjik.) In page 338
Enemies of the Assyrians discharging their Arrows behind them. (Kou-
yunjik.) Head-Dress of a riding Horse. (Kouyunjik) Groom leading
Horses. (Khorsabad.)
In page 339

NINEVEH

AND ITS REMAINS.

CHAPTER I.

FIRST JOURNEY IN ASSYRIA. ITS RUINS.-KOUYUNJIK, NIMKOUD, AND KALAH SHERGHAT.-M. BOTTA'S DISCOVERIES.-KHORSABAD.-RETURN TO MOSUL.

DURING the autumn of 1839 and winter of 1840, I had been wandering through Asia Minor and Syria, scarcely leaving untrod one spot hallowed by tradition, or unvisited one ruin consecrated by history. I was accompanied by one no less curious and enthusiastic than myself.* We were both equally careless of comfort and unmindful of danger. We rode alone; our arms were our only protection; a valise behind our saddles was our wardrobe, and we tended our own horses, except when relieved from the duty by the hospitable inhabitants of a Turcoman village or an Arab tent. Thus unembarrassed by needless luxuries, and uninfluenced by the opinions and prejudices of others, we mixed among the people, acquired without effort their manners, and enjoyed without alloy those emotions which

* My traveling companion, during a long journey from England to Hamadan, was Edward Ledwich Mitford, Esq., now of her Majesty's civil service in the island of Ceylon.

A

scenes so novel, and spots so rich in varied association, can not fail to produce.

I look back with feelings of grateful delight to those happy days when, free and unheeded, we left at dawn the humble cottage or cheerful tent, and lingering as we listed, unconscious of distance and of the hour, found ourselves, as the sun went down, under some hoary ruin tenanted by the wandering Arab, or in some crumbling village still bearing a well-known name. No experienced dragoman measured our distances, and appointed our stations. We were honored with no conversations by pashaws, nor did we seek any civilities from governors. We neither drew tears nor curses from villagers by seizing their horses, or searching their houses for provisions: their welcome was sincere; their scanty fare was placed before us; we ate, and came, and went in peace.

I had traversed Asia Minor and Syria, visiting the ancient seats of civilization, and the spots which religion has made holy. I now felt an irresistible desire to penetrate to the regions beyond the Euphrates, to which history and tradition point as the birth-place of the wisdom of the West. Most travelers, after a journey through the usually frequented parts of the East, have the same longing to cross the great river, and to explore those lands which are separated on the map from the confines of Syria by a vast blank stretching from Aleppo to the banks of the Tigris. A deep mystery hangs over Assyria, Babylonia, and Chaldea. With these names are linked great nations and great cities dimly shadowed forth in history; mighty ruins, in the midst of deserts, defying, by their very desolation and lack of definite form, the description of the traveler; the remnants of mighty races still roving over the land; the fulfilling and fulfillment of prophecies; the plains to which the Jew and the Gentile alike look as the cradle of their race. After a journey in Syria, the thoughts naturally turn eastward; and without treading on the remains of Nineveh and Babylon our pilgrimage is incomplete.

I left Aleppo, with my companion, on the 18th of March.

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