The Economic Rise of Early America

activities Acts addition advance agriculture American colonies annual areas Atlantic average balance became Britain British British West Indies capital Chapter colonial period colonists commerce commodity Company compared costs customs decline deficits demand direct distribution early earnings Economic History effects eighteenth century encomienda England English especially estimates Europe European evidence exchange exports fact Figure forces foreign French given greater growth higher important included income increase Indian industries interest investments islands Italy Journal labor land late later less levels lower major manufactures ment mercantile merchants middle colonies noted output overseas Pennsylvania percent population ports Press probably production regions relative resulted rise routes servants settlement seventeenth slaves Source South southern Spain Spanish sugar supply Table throughout tion tobacco trade United University vessels wages wealth West Indies World York