and children had resigned themselves, with the sachem of the place; but night coming on, the men would not come out, and declared they would fight; accordingly a constant firing was kept up all night. Towards morning, it being very dark, the Pequots crept silently out of the swamp and fled. So terminated the Pequot war, and Pequot nation. Sassacus, with twenty or thirty attendants, had fled to the Mohawks, who, treacherously violating all the laws of hospitality, slew them, being hired, as it was supposed, by the Narragansets. A part of the skin and hair of Sassacus they sent to Massachusetts. So vanish the tribes of men in sad succession. In the course of a few months one of the most formidable nations, then in New England, was swept away; eight or nine hundred of them had been killed; many were fugitives in the forests, and a remnant, to save themselves from cruel deaths by their own countrymen, submitted to the English. Captain Stoughton, on his way home, landed once more at Block Island, had an interview with the natives, who submitted themselves tributaries to the English. In August, the troops returned to Boston, having lost but two of their number, both of whom died with sickness. A thanksgiving was observed through the colonies on account of their complete victory over their enemies.

The day previous to the dreadful storming of the fort at Mistick, had been kept as a day of fasting and prayer. This, or some other circumstances attending that bloody scene, wonderfully impressed the mind of Wequash, the guide of the English, with the power of the Englishman's God. He went about the colony of Connecticut with bitter lamentations, that he did not know Jesus Christ, the Englishman's God. The good people faithfully instructed him concerning the religion of the gospel; after which he made a most serious profession; he forsook his savage vices; went up and down the country preaching Christ to his benighted countrymen; he bore a thousand abuses from them, and finally submitted to death for his religion.

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CHAP. XV.

Earthquake-Uncas visits Governor Winthorp-Hampton settled -Harvard College founded-Indian Plot at Kennebec-Settlement of Rowley-Character of Rev. Ezekiel Rogers.

THE year 1638 was remarkable for a great earthquake throughout New England. This earthquake, as did that also of 1627, which was equally violent and extensive, constituted a remarkable era, that was long remembered and referred to by the pious inhabitants of these infant colonies.

This year, Uncas, from Mohegan, made a visit to Governor Winthorp at Boston; in his polite address, after delivering his present, laying his hand on his heart, he said, "This heart is not mine, but yours; I have no men, they are all yours; command me any difficult service, and I will perform it; I will not believe any Indian's words against the English; if any man kill an Englishman, I will put him to death, if he be ever so dear to me." The governor gave him " a fair red coat, provision for his journey, and a letter of protection, when he departed highly gratified."

In 1638, Hampton, in New Hampshire, was settled; its Indian name was Winnecumet; a church was gathered, and a minister chosen the same year. Mr. Batchelor was their first minister, but in three years he removed from them. In 1631, he had been settled at Lynn; he was dismissed thence, after he" was gray and aged," being discharged from his arrest by the magistrates on his promise to leave the town in three months. The following lines were addressed to him by a cotemporary.

"Through ocean large, Christ brought thee for to feed

"His wandering flock, with's word thou hast often taught; "Then teach thyself, with others thou hast need,

"Thy flowing fame unto low ebb is brought.”

While the poet thus tenderly hints at his disgrace for his contentious and obstinate spirit, the impartial historian declares, that after his sedition at Lynn, he, in New Hampshire, assaulted the chastity of his neighbour's wife, when he was eighty years of age, and had a comely wife of his own, that he obstinately denied it to the church, as he had told the woman he would; that he proceeded to accuse the injured family to the magistrates as slanderers; but soon after, while administering the Lord's Supper, his horror of conscience extorted a

voluntary confession from him, upon which they proceeded to excommunicate him, his repentance appearing very wavering.

Continuing in the town, he put himself at the head of a faction, and quarrelled with the Rev. Mr. Dalton, the teacher of the church. Repeatedly ministers and magistrates met to quiet their minds, but all was vain. They then advised Mr. Batchelor to leave the place. A party at Exeter invited him to settle there, but the government of Massachusetts, to which they then belonged, sent word to prevent the measure, because Mr. Batchelor had been in three places before, where the churches fell into such divisions as could not be healed till he was dismissed.

The Rev. Mr. Dalton died in 1661, leaving a donation to the people for the support of public worship. During a part of his ministry he had the assistance of the Rev. John Wheelwright, a brother and disciple of the famous Mrs. Hutchinson. He was literally a wandering star. At Boston, at Quincy, at Exeter, at Salisbury, and at Wells, difficulties pursued him, From this last place he wrote to the government of Massachusetts, whence he had been banished for heresy, a very humble confession, which was accepted, and he had liberty to return. In his confession he says, it is the grief of my soul, that I used such vehement and censorious speeches. I repent me that I did adhere to persons of corrupt judgments, to the countenancing and encouraging them in any of their errors or evil practices.' His difficulties taught him wisdom, After his confession and restoration he lived nearly forty years " à valued servant of the church." The Rev. Seaborn Cotton succeeded Mr. Dalton. Ten years after his decease, his son, John Cotton, was ordained pastor of the church. His suc cessor was the Rev. Daniel Gookin, who was ordained in 1710. Their next minister was the Rev. Ward Cotton. He was removed in 1765, and the Rev. Ebenezer Thayer succeeded him within a year, who died in September, 1792. His successor, their present pastor, is the Rev. Jesse Appleton,

The next year (1639) the college of Cambridge was founded. As soon as our pious and enlightened ancestors, the first settlers of New England, had erected for themselves comfortable dwellings, provided necessaries for their support, reared convenient places for the worship of God, and settled the civil government, their next object was to establish an institution of science for the benefit of their "posterity, dreading an illiterate ministry," when the learned ministers they then

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enjoyed should sleep in the dust. Two years before, in 1636, the general court had voted £400 for the establishment of a public school; but this year the Rev. John Harvard, a worthy minister of Charlestown, died, and bequeathed one half, of his estate, amounting to aboye 1800 dollars, to this infant seminary. Thus endowed, the school was erected into a college, and assumed the name of its principal benefactor, Harvard and Newtown, in compliment to the college, and in memory of the place where many of our fathers received their education, was called Cambridge. In 1640, the legislature granted the income of Charlestown ferry as a perpetual revenue to the college, and the same year the Rev. Henry Dunster was appointed the first president, a preceptor or professor having previously had the instruction of the youth.

The first commencement was attended two years after, when nine students took the degree of bachelor of arts. Most of the legislature were present, dined in the college with the scholars, for their encouragement, which gave content to all. The next year, the general court, which had previously committed the government of the college to all the magistrates, and the ministers of the three nearest churches, with the presi dent, passed an act by which all the magistrates and the teaching elders of the six nearest towns, with the president, were appointed forever the governors of that seminary. They met, for the first time, in December, and chose a treasurer,

In 1650, the college received its first charter from the general court, appointing a corporation consisting of seven persons, a president, five fellows, and a treasurer, to have a perpetual succession by election to their offices. Their stile is, The President and Fellows of Harvard College. To this body was coinmitted all the estate of the college; they have the care of all donations; the board of overseers continue a distinct branch; united they form the legislature of the college. In 1665, when the hearts of good men were roused to seek the spiritual wel. fare of their pagan neighbours, a brick edifice, thirty feet long, and twenty wide, was erected at Cambridge for an Indian college. Numbers began to prepare for college in the school, several entered, but death and other events interposed, so that only one ever attained academical honours. The design was prudent and noble, but Providence frowned on the execution. The executive government consists of the president, three professors, four tutors, a librarian, and regent. The divinity professorship was founded in 1722, and the mathematical profes

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sorship four years after, both by the noble generosity of Mr. Thomas Hollis, of London, merchant. The professorship of Hebrew, and other oriential languages, was founded in 1765, by the Honourable Thomas Hancock, Esq. These professors deliver public lectures to all the students assembled, beside giving more private instructions to each class separately. Happy would it be for all the colleges had they such professorships. Foundations are laid in part for three other professorships in this university, not yet in operation, one of rhetoric and oratory, by the late Nicholas Boylston, Esq. of Boston; one of natural religion, moral philosophy, and civil polity, from the estate of the late Hon. John Alford, Esq. of Charlestown; and one of natural history, by subscription of public spirited individuals, not yet completed. The late Governor Bowdoin gave £400 to the university, the interest of which is to be applied in premiums, for the advancement of useful and polite literature among the residents and graduates of the college.

In the year 1782, three medical professorships were established, viz. a professorship of anatomy and surgery; a professorship of the theory and practice of physic; a professorship of chemistry and materia medica. The funds of the two first were left by the late Dr. Ezekiel Hersey, of Hingham, his brother, the late Dr. Abner Hersey, of Barnstable, and the late Mrs. Sarah Derby, widow of Dr. Hersey, of Hingham, afterward the wife and widow of the late Richard Derby, Esq. of Salem. The late Dr. John Cumings, of Concord, added to the fund for the professor of the theory and practice of physic. The fund for the professor of chemistry and materia medica was left by the late William Erving, Esq. All these professorships take the names of their founders.

For a number of years before the revolution, there were, generally, in the university from one hundred and eighty to one hundred and ninety undergraduates in the college. During the war, the numbers were much less, since the war, they have been gradually increasing, and in 1804, there were two hundred and twenty undergraduates. Indigent students are much assisted in their education.

In 1639, a printing office was set up at Cambridge by Mr. Daye, at the charge of Mr. Glover, who died on his passage to America. The first thing here printed was the freeman's oath; the next an almanack made for New England by Mr. Peirce, mariner; the next the Psalms, newly turned into metre, now obsolete, though once used in all the churches, and called, the