Harangue of a Taylor turn'd Teacher.

fince tunes are furely far more naturally adapted to the ftructure of their throats and tongues, than the pronounciation of articulate founds. Moreover this bird is poffefs'd of fuch a variety of modulations of voice, that he is of all others the best qualified for learning and performing different forts of tunes. And tho' I muft allow his natural fong to out do any thing that can be added to it by art, yet if you wou'd out of curiofity teach him a tune or two, this must be your way."

A

B

C

When you perceive by the chirping of a young one, that he is a cock, put him into a cage covered with green ferge; and let him hang in a chamber quite out of the hearing of nightingales, as well as of all other birds. For the firft week let him be kept near the win dow, or the lighteft part of the room, then remove him by degrees backward to the darkest part, where he must reinain all the time of his learning, nor must he be annoyed or diverted by any kind of noife whatfoever, nor difturbed by peoples coming near him. His tune fhou'd not be whittled or piped to D him too often; half a dozen feffons agy, there being confeiledly fuch connection

370

Treatife on Compliments.-Letter, &c;

creep out at, and I defpife the railling of my adverfaries as filthy rags. I doubt not but that I fhall be able to fashion the lives of my hearers fo as to gain their approbation, and to fuit my doctrines fo well to their fancies that they fhall own they were never better fitted. And be- A loved, I cut out without a pattern, for what have I to do with thofe of the profeffion who wrought 1700 years ago! they might give fatisfaction in their days, but if I should follow them I fhould certainly spoil my work. Old things my beloved, are paft away and all things are become new. I fhall not therefore attempt further to ftretch your patience, but conclude my prefent work by preffing you to B let the paints, which I have handled, prick your hearts, and fick in your minds, Pig your faith, my dear brethren, upon my fleeve, and be affured that I wail approve myfelf a good workman and make reasonable bills.

For the Benefit of rural Squires, academical Smarts, military Petits Maitres, Jemmy Cits, C obfequious Courtiers, coquettish old Ladies, and gallanting old Beaux.

Will fhortly be publifb`d,

BODILY COMPLIMENTS; or A Treatise on all Kinds of Congees, Courtfies, Bows, Scrapes, Cringes, Claps, Careffes, &c.

CONTAINING,

1. Obfervations and criticifms on all the forms of corporal obeyfance now in vogue, at every affembly, from an imperial congrefs, to a rural goffipping.

2. Reflections on hugs, &c,

3. A differtation on fmiles, fimpers, ogles, and glances.

4. Animadverfions on the modern ufe of the fan, fword, and fnuff-box.

5. Remarks on the talents of fome of the
moft debonnair beaux,and belles of the age.
6. A diffuafive against all obfequicus formali-
ties at church, between gentlemen and la-
dies of whatever denomination, fhewing
them to be egregiously abfurd) and imper-
tinent.

7. Propofals for the better regulation of that
ever fashionable ceremony the xISS.
8. Rules whereby a person of a tolerable ge-
nius may, in fix weeks time, without the
help of a master, make himself a perfect
adept in thefe genteel accomplishments.
g. General directions for the graceful adjust-
ment of the limbs upon all occafions.
With feveral other curious particulars,

By the Chevalier RIGADOON.

N. B. The whole is to be illuftrated with variety of copper-plates, reprefenting the va rious pofitions, postures, and attitudes, be coming a proficient in this polite faculty.

in

Monfieur URBAN,

If you'll pleafe to give the above netice your firft Magazine, it shall be dedicated to yourself, your friend the bookfeller foall have the publication, and both of you the tbanks of your most obedient bumble fervant,

LOUVRE RIGADOON,'

Some Account of a Pamphlet, intitled, 4
Letter to the Mayor and Corporation of
Deal in Kent, in relation to their Opi-
nion upon the Trinity.

BY

Y this pamphlet it appears that there having been a difpute between Dr Carter, minister of the chapel at Deal, and the mayor and corporation, about the power of making a parish clerk, in which Dr Carter abfolutely refused to give up his right, the mayor and corpor ration, to gratify their relentment, prefented him in the fpiritual court for not reading the creed of St Athanafius: for they knew that as the Dr's integrity was not to be fhaken by intereft, they should be thus able to injure him in his fortune, by obliging him to keep a curate. How ment of his punishment, for mere diffar the making a man's virtue the inftruference of opinion, will contribute to the honour, either of the mayor and corporation as agents, or the law, which upon this occafion, they have used as an inftrument, the public must deter mine.

D But the author of this pamphlet not willing to think fo meanly of a worhipful mayor and aldermen, as that they have no opinion, properly their own, on the point in question, nor any knowledge upon which fuch opinion can be founded, has afforded them an their conduct, but of removing the er opportunity, not only of juftifying rors, which a want of knowledge has produced in the judgment of others, by publickly requesting that they will explain what they are fuppofed perfectly to understand, and, in particular, answer. the following queries;

E

F

1.Upon what grounds does the church of England adhere fo inviolably to a form of faith, compofed nobody knows by whom, and introduced into the church in the darkest ages of popery?

2. Do not the damning claules, ac cording to the most obvious fenfe and meaning of the words, relate to the G explanatory paffages? Are they not fe understood by nine in ten of those who repeat them? Were not they evidently fo intended, if doctrines are explained, that they may be received and af. fented to according to that explanation? and if they are not explained for this, they explained? purpofe, for what other purpose are

H

3. Our faviour in Mark xiii. 32, fays, But of that day and hour knoweth no man, nor the angels which are in heaven, nor the fon, but the father. In this paffage

concerning the Athanafian Creed.

A

is there not a regular climax, in which
the fpeaker begins with the loweft order
of intelligent beings, and afcends gra-
dually to the higheft? in which the
knowledge of the day of judgment is
denied, firft to men, then to angels,
then to the fon of God? And does not
the order of the climax require that we
take what is denied of the fon, as denied
of him in that nature in which he is fu-
perior to angels? Can it be fuppofed
that our faviour fhould firft exclude the
whole race of mankind in the aggregate, B
then rife to the angels, after this go
backward and exclude fuch a particular

man?

4. If it be faid, that the analogy of fcripture makes it neceffary the paffages in fcripture which appear to confute the doctrine of Athanafius, should be accomodated to thofe which confirm it, would it not be as reasonable to fay that the analogy of fcripture makes it neceffary that the paffages which confirm thefe doctrines, fhould be accommodated to those that confute them, if the fenfe

371 in the Nicene creed rejected, and that of Athanafius received?

9. What is the difference between a perfon and a being?

10. Was the generation of the fon an act of the father? If fo, did the father act neceffarily or by choice? If neceffarily, he must be confidered as an inftrument only in the hand of fome fuperior power; if by choice he might have chofen not to have acted!

11. Upon what grounds do writers infift fo much upon the neceffity of the belief of the Athanafian doctrine to a good life? If they would be undertood to fay, that a belief of the doctrine is neceffary in a chriftian's fyftem of faith, is not this begging the question? Can the faith of a chriftian be defective which includes every truth that he beClieves God has diftinctly proposed to it? Or can it be his duty to embrace any doctrine merely of revelation further than it is proved to be clearly revealed? Is not preffing the importance of a doctrine as revealed, before the certain re

of both was equally clear and determin-yelation of it has been proved, begin

ed? And is there not wanting in the texts produced for the Athenafians that clear and determined fenfe which is found in thofe that are produced a gainst them?

5. If thefe and other arguments be not admitted as a decifive proof against the Athanafians, may they not be confidered as a reafonable foundation of doubt ?

6. If the reasonableness of doubt be admitted, is not the use of the Athanafan creed precluded? For can any thing be worse than dooming a man to certain damnation, when that very gofpel, which we all profess to make the rule of our judgment, fupplies reafons F to doubt whether he fhall be damned or not?

7. Can there be a ftronger proof of any doctrine's being disputable than its being difputed by great and good men, with equal zeal and tenacity? And do not Dr Waterland and Dr Clark, among

many others, deserve this character?

8. Did not the council of Nice underftand the words ἐσία and υπόςασις 28 fynonimous? Did not they fubjoin a claufe at the end of their creed, anathematizing all who fhould fay, That the fon exilted out of any other hypoftafis or ufia than the father, and doth not the Athanafian creed affert on the contrary, That there is one hypoftafis of the father, amother of the fon,&c? Why was the clause See Ellay on Spirite

G

ing at the wrong end of the fyllogifm, and deducing the premises from the conclufion?

The writer of this pamphlet after thefe and fome other queries of lefs weight, declares his own opinion in the following terms:

Whoever fincerely believes that Jefur is, in a fenfe in which no other being ever was, the son of God; that he came into the world to lay down his life for the fins of men; and that acceptance is only to be obtained through bis merits and interceffion; and who, in confequence of this faith, conforms his life to the law of Chrift-fuch an one seems to do all that is of Importance towards his falvation; he fulfills the conditions, and thereby anfwers the end, of the covenant."

Mr URBAN,

Very attempt to increase our knowof natural phænomena, is laudable, tho ledge, and to inveftigate the caufes

not attended with fuccefs. For this reafon I approved Mr W.W.'s attempt to account for the Aurora Borealis Uce p. 275) and was well pleafed to fee him endeavour to maintain his opinion in fo plaufible and ingenious a manner, Haltho I could by no means concur with him in it: the caules he aligns for that phænomenon are certainly inadequate and infufficient, as your correfpenden Senex (p. 336) has fully and clearly

Mewn

372
Hewn I wish the laft mentioned
judicious gentlemen had not topp'd
there, but gone a little farther, and given
us his own conjectures concerning the
caules of this meteor, but as he has
contented himself with fubverting his A
antagoniit's hypothefis, without at
tempting to form and establish one of
his own, I will venture to hazard a con-
jecture on the fubject. I may not,
perhaps, have confidered the inatter fo
maturely as it deferves, but as loote hints
are often perfected by abler hands, and B
fréquently lead to full difcoveries and
compleat yitems, i fhall, with your
permiflion, embrace this opportunity
of laying my thoughts, however imper-
fect, before the publick.

Caufe of the Aurora Borealis.

D

My conjecture then is this, 1. That the matter of the Aurora Borealis is the faine as that of lightning, which expe- C riments have fhewn to be no other than electric fire.-2. That the diurnal rotation of the earth caufes a continual flux of this matter towards the poles, and that for this reafon the meteor is moft confpicuous near the polar regions.3. That a particular denfity, and conftitution of the air,is neceffary to bring the igneous particles to fuch a vicinity to each other as may be requifite for their coalefcing and running together, and forming the freams and columns wherein the meteor confifts.-4. That all the lufory motions, lateral fhiftings, and corufcations of the streams, or co- E lumns, are owing to their mutual and alternate attractions and repulfions, which is a natural property of the electric fire, as appears by the alternate attraction and repulfion of leaf gold, and other light bodies by electrical tubes.5. That the proper conftitution of the air not happening frequently, is the reafor why the meteor is only perceptible at particular times.

F

of condenied fire powerfully and continually mov'd and agitated) upon this fubftance produces genial heat and funfhine. The friction of a glass globe collects a certain quantity which being properly preferv'd and directedproduces the various phænomena of electricity. The violent and fudden collifion of hard: bodies extracts evanefcent (parks.-The vehement and long continued friction: of any two bodies collects fuch a quantity of elementary fire as feizes and confumes any proper pabulum that comes nigh it-When great-numbers! of the particles of this fire are inclofed : im thick condensed clouds, and are brought near together, they evalefce, kindle, and burst their, prifon with great noife and violence, and produce chunder and lightning-When the clouds are not fo denfe, and yield easily, and i only fmall quantities of this fire are brought together, they coalefce, kindle, and efcape without noife, and hence the harmless filent lightnings frequently obfervable in clofe, calm, cloudy evenings in fummer.And when the air is not overcharged with clouds, and just dense enough to bring the igneous particles within their mutual fpheres of attraction, without accumulating and inclofing them, then instead of explofions, they run together and form ftreams and columns, and we have the remark able phænomenon, called the Aurora Borealis.

The lately difcovered identity of the matter of lightning, and the matter of electricity, the effects and operations of which are fo totally and widely dif ferent, greatly countenances this hy. pothefis, and renders it more than probable that funfhine, lightning, the elec tric phænomena, the operations of common fire, and the Aurora Borealis, 1 are all only fo many different effects of the fame fubftance differently moved, difpofed, modified and circumstanced.

Aug. 18. SUNDERLANDENSIS. Further Remarks upon long Mea and ber DAUGHTERS. (jee p. 31L).

there flones has breasts, and THE vulgaroncs HE vulgar notion that the largeft"

It has long been the opinion of the moft eminent philofophers, that the ele ment of fire is diffufed throughout all the creation,and that all bodies, as well fluid as folid, are copioully impregnated G with igneous particles. And, indeed, I take the ether of Sir Isaac Newton, the pure elementrary fire at Barbave, and the electric fire, to be one and the resembles the remainder of a female fame fubftance, the effects whereof are ftatue, is caufed by the whimsical irvarious, according to the motion and regularity of the figure, in which a direction given it, the nature and degree fervid imagination may difcover a reof the force, power, or impulse, by femblance of almost any thing; as which it is moved and directed, and ac various figures are difcovered in burncording to the quantity of matter col-ing coals, veins of marble, and floatleted. ing clouds, which amor poffibly be

H

Thus the impulfe of the fun (a mass pointed out to another; tho to another

wich

Remarks on a Remain of British Antiquity."

without being pointed out, they would neceffarily be visible if they had any exiftence in the fire, marble, or cloud, and were not merely creatures of the imagination.

It can fearce be conceived that the A pofition of thefe ftones, is the effect of the flood, or any other mere natural caufe because they are placed in a regular figure, and the regularity of the figure is at least a probable proof of delign.

The tubftance of thofe ftones, except B the talleft, which is not however the largeft, is a compound of fmall pebbles fufficiently indured run together with coarfe fand, and fuch other ingredients, as rendered the whole mafs fufible at different times, before the laft ftratum grew too hard to admit a coalition of the next, and the ebulitions of this matter, as it was not confined by any mould, probably produced the excrefcences on the outfide of the mafs; a conjecture, which appears the more probable, as the largeft are leaft reducible to regular folids.

373

fub dio, and not in any building; he oppofed all facrifice as being the effect of error and fuperftition, fuppofing it to be impoffible that the blood of an innocent creature could atone for the crimes

of one that was guilty; and he taught that the foul in the future ftate, was to be reunited to the fame body from which it had been difmified by death, and rewarded or punished as its moral conduct, had been good or ill.

This doctrine before it had been cor-
rupted, fome of the immediate difciples
of Pythagoras brought into Britain."
Et vos bai baricos ritus, moremque finiftrum
Sacrorum Druidae pofitis repetitis ab armis,
Solis poffe Deos et cæli fidera vobis

Aut folis nefcire datum: nemora alta remotis
Incolitis lucis vobis auctoribus umbræ
Non tacitas Erebi fedes, ditifque profundi
Pallida regna petunt: regit idem fpiritus artus
Orbe alio: longa canimus fi cognita vitæ
Morsmedia eft. certe populi,quas defpicit Arc-
Felices errore fuo, quos ille timorum [tos
Maximus haud urget metus. Pbarfal.L.i.

The temples of thefe Druids were in dark woods, and it is remarkable that here as well as Stone-Henge, and in Ox

dug up, the grove having long fince disappeared, tho' the temple which it inclofed, has furvived even tradition itself.

They appear to have fuffered but lit-pfordshire, trees, have been frequently tle change by the weather, though their fituation is remarkably bleak; for they are almost as impenetrable as the porphyry of the ancients, of which they bear fome refemblance, but are not near To fine. The mill stone grit is the moft like them of any natural fubftance now known, but this tho' the moft fimilar, is greatly different.

What was the opinion of the Romans concerning them is not to be known from any of their writings, which time has delivered down to us that part of Tacitus which relates to Britain, and which wou'd therefore have been moft

valued by us, being in all probability irrecoverably loft.

. I am inclind to believe that thefe ftones, thote on Salisbury plain, and thole in Oxfordfire, are the remains of three temples of the Druids, certain priests who taught the Pythagorean doctrine in Gaul and Britain.

But by the Pytingerea doctrine, i do not mean the Metempsychofis, which was falfely attributed to Pytha goras by the ancients, who were led into an erroneous opinion of his doctrine by its obfcurity.

The Metempsychofis was an opinion known only in the East, when Puba goras fled from Greece into Italy." He taught the unity of the divine nature, and that God, as he was equally prefent in all places, was to be worshiped only 【Gent. Mag. Auc, 1752.}

E

It will appear yet more probable that this circle of ftones was a temple, if it be confidered that among the Egyptians a circle was an emblem of deity, that Pythagoras receiv'd his education in Egypt and might probably communicate this fymbol to his difciples who might teach it the druids. The tallet might be intended for the flation of the chief pontiff, and might be placed out of the circle, that he might view the whole affembly. The four other principal Fftones, at the four cardinal points, poffibly were intended for four of the inferior pricfts who looking each toward the congregation, might repeat the moral precepts of their chief, one after the other, that they might be the better heard by the whole circle,

G

Upon this view of the Druidal Doc. trines and worship, they appear to approach fo near to christianity, that it is lefs difficult to account for the readinefs with which the goipel was received in Britain. Nor will either the zeal or the fuccefs of the first converts, be any longer deemed miraculous or incredi Hble, if it be confidered that they were only reviving in greater puriy, dectrines which were already egarded with veneration as the religion of their anccitors. G. S.