general interest of mankind: they will learn with pleasure that his character was as pure as his talents were great and excellent.

"There are others who would fain keep mankind in a state of pupilage, who, carrying their favourite doctrine of passive obedience into all our spiritual as well as temporal concerns, would willingly deliver us over, in absolute subjection, for the one to the Rulers of the Church, for the others to the Rulers of the State.

"These men cannot be expected to exhibit any admiration for the champion of reason and truth; nor from them can I hope for any approbation or favour in the present undertaking."

For the comments which I shall offer on the preceding sentiments I shall make no apology. Here are evidently two classes of men distinctly pointed out one class, the "friends of freedom," the other, those who would "keep mankind in a state of pupilage," &c. and "would willingly DELIVER US, (that is, his Lordship and those of kindred feelings,) in ABSOLUTE SUBJECTION, for the one to the Rulers of THE CHURCH, for the other to the Rulers of the State."

Now I must observe, respecting the opinions of the noble relative of a man in the highest sense noble, that when a descendant, be he who he may, thus speaks of the men who would deliver " us," that is, Locke, his relative Lord King, and the friends of freedom, "bound and captive," and identi

fies himself (as "us!") with a man whom every good and wise man admires, venerates, and loves, and none more than he who now comments on his Lordship's sentiments-it behoves "us" to enquire why HE imagines the Clergy of the Church of England may not and do not admire Locke as much as himself? and why he, standing behind this illustrious relative, (“York, you're wanted!") thinks his own opinions, or language, or conduct (as far as these are public, and no further do I venture to say a word), to be exclusively in accordance with that mild, modest, wise, and venerated character? As to "those others" who would "willingly DELIVER UŠ in absolute subjection," his Lordship has not been pleased to specify who those "others" are, but, from the tone of patrician sarcasm, so worthy a person of his Lordship's station, and of the descendant of the great but unpresuming Locke, it is obvious that this descendant of this most illustrious character alludes to a body of men of whom I have the honour to be one, the Clergy of the National Church. I must first remark, that I think I know their general character better than his Lordship; and I am confident that, so far from their feeling any offence that his Lordship has published memorials of that great man, Locke, they will be among the first to admit that he has rendered a service to their country and mankind; for, whatever may be their religious or political sentiments, they do not differ in the highest possible respect and veneration

for a person so illustrious for learning, integrity, and moderation, as John Locke.

But, besides the affinity of natural relationship between his Lordship and the illustrious subject of his memoirs, his Lordship complacently assumes a closer affinity, from kindred views, principles, and manners, whilst we (the Clergy), opposed to "us," (to wit, his Lordship and Mr. Locke,) are held out, as a body, as possessing the same sentiments which actuated him who so basely complied with the commands of a Royal Visitor to deprive Locke of his studentship!

Some writers have not hesitated to say that this great and excellent character, the subject of Lord King's memoir, expressed his regret that he "lost so much of his time at Oxford!" Lost so much of his time! On what authority is any thing so preposterous to be believed? Locke was deeply attached, as he might well be, to the University where he was educated-he showed this attachment through life his intimate friends from school-days were there there was the cultivated society, and the literary leisure he loved. It is indeed true that at one time he might have well said he found not the advantage of this estimable society and when was that? When the immortal Francis Cheynell was among her leading members, of whose toleration, and peculiar religious feelings and principles, much will appear in these pages. Locke was entered at the University of Oxford Student of Christ-Church in 1651, when the

persecuting Puritans bore sway; and yet at that time there were scholars not unworthy to be his associates. Here he found such men as were not often met in other societies Dr. Petty, Dr. Wilkins, Robert Boyle, who settled in Oxford solely for the advantage of such society, &c. As the fanatic yoke, towards the end of Cromwell's days, grew lighter, such scholars mused in the "shady of our "ACADEME for none of these

spaces

were of the race of Cheynell and the Puritans. And let me here inform Lord King, what he does not seem to suspect, that it was from the expelled members of that Church he affects to think would "deliver HIM" and his friends "bound," that Locke learned the principles of toleration which he afterwards so powerfully advocated. He studied, and revered, and succeeded Chillingworth, as the philosopher of truth and acutest reason. Locke's principles, as his Lordship might learn from better authority than mine, (Mr. Hallam,)—were only those which had been advocated by the illustrious but defamed members of the Church of England — by Jeremy Taylor,* Hales of Eton, and Chillingworth of Trinity! No historian, except Mr. Hallam, has done these names noble and generous

* A most unfounded charge brought against Taylor, that in his prosperity he forgot the lesson he taught in adversity, has been completely answered by Bishop Heber. In his adversity he found refuge at Golden Grove, near Carmarthen.

+ This intolerant Prelate, who was hunted to death by the tolerant Covenanters, was the Patron of Hales and Chillingworth.

justice. Had not the Puritanic frenzy interrupted their progress, their principles would, probably, have been established before the Revolution, if they had not prevented the abuses which caused that Revolution; for persecution grows out of secution. The King-killing Republicans produced the Non-Jurors and Jacobites.

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As to the base compliance of those who obeyed the King's mandate, if the bench of national justice has exhibited some unworthy characters, shall we forget how many, on the seat of "British Themis," have sat as dignified and uncorrupt as my Oxford contemporary, Lord Chief Justice Tenterden ? * And, if there has been a Fell, shall we forget the names of those whom Christianity and humanity equally revere ?

Lord King seems to think (I ought to ask pardon for the involuntary association)-" Can any good come out of the Church of England and Oxford?" But let me inform him that, in the very same college which nursed the high intellect and tolerant principles of Chillingworth-in the same college,† and by Church of England preceptors, were educated a SOMMERS and a CHATHAM! Lord King will determine whether Chillingworth, Sommers, and Chatham, all of the same college, might not be

* When Lord Tenterden and the Author were "pauperes scholares," they were competitors for the prize given by the Chancellor for Latin verse. Was he the worse lawyer, for his youthful and classical laurels?

† Trinity College.