different parts of the United States. An Auxiliary is a society, whose object is to coöperate with the Parent Institution, by disseminating information, interesting the community in favor of the cause, and raising funds for its object. County auxiliaries of this nature were established in Norfolk, Middlesex, Essex, and Berkshire, in 1816 and 1817. The Auxiliary Education Society of the Young Men of Boston was formed in 1818; and the Female Education Society for Boston and Vicinity about the same time. As early as this, Auxiliary Education Societies had been formed in Georgia and South Carolina, both by ladies and gentlemen. A society styled the Maine Branch of the American Education Society was formed in that State before April, 1819. Previously to September, 1819, an Education Society was formed for the State of Connecticut, and it early voted to become a Branch of the American Education Society, but the connection was not fully consummated till 1826. June 29, 1819, a Branch Society was formed in Vermont, directly connected with the Parent Institution. A Branch Society was established in New Hampshire, September, 1826. July 11, 1827, the Branch Societies of Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont, were, by vote, formally recognized as Branches.

"For the sake of greater facility, as well as safety, in managing the concerns of the Institution, Branch Societies are forined in different States and sections of the country. Each Branch has, by the Constitution, a Board of Directors, whose business it is to superintend that part of the general interest which is intrusted to its care by the Parent Society;-it has a special treasury; examines and receives, in concert with the Parent Society, beneficiaries; and appropriates the funds in its treasury to their support. If there is a deficiency of resources, application is made to the General Treasury; or if there is a surplus, it is remitted to the General Treasury. Thus, every Branch cooperates with the General Society, is governed by its Constitution and Rules, and acts in subserviency to the same great object. The influence of the General Society becomes co-extensive with that of its Branches. Its funds include all which flows directly into its own treasury, and all which passes into the subordinate treasuries; while the number of its beneficiaries comprehends all those who are placed under the special care of the different Branch Societies, as well as those who are under its own immediate supervision.

It

"The advantages of this system of organization are many. gives the General Society all the energy of concentrated effort, and enables it to watch over the interests of separate portions of the community with the facility of a local society. It produces a division of labor, which is not only favorable to economy, but considering the nature and extent of the operations of the Society, is indispensable. It is calculated to increase public confidence, and to ensure public patronage by introducing numerous checks, and rendering a perversion of the funds difficult. It gives to each portion of the community the security of the whole against final embarrassment and failure in the important matter of obtaining funds to carry forward the general object within its limits. In short, every Board of Directors of a Branch Society is a committee for carrying into execution the purposes and objects of the General Society. The most remote friends of the Institution are brought into contact with its interests and objects, and may have a personal share in the measures which are taken to promote them."

October 23, 1818, a Society was formed, called the Education Society of the Presbyterian Church in the United States, embracing the States of New York, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania. In 1820 it took the name of the Presbyterian Education Society; but it never became a branch of the American Education Society till May 28, 1827. A proposition for a union, not exactly in the form of a branch, was made by that Society, August 1, 1826, but was not acceded to by the Parent Institution. January 23, 1827, the following vote was passed:

"A communication having been received from the Directors of the Presbyterian Education Society at New York, proposing terms of union between that Society and the American Education Society, which communication is on file, the same was reaa, and upon motion, it was

"Voted, That this Board do accede to the terms proposed in the above mentioned communication, and that the Presbyterian Education Society be received and recognized as a constituent part or as a Branch of the American Education Society, whenever these terms shall have been formally ratified by the former Society."

These terms having been ratified by the Presbyterian Education Society, the Directors of the American Education Society, at their meeting, May 31, 1827,

"Voted, That the Presbyterian Education Society be now recognized according to the proposal of that Society as a branch of the American Education Society, under the name of the Presbyterian Branch of the American Education Society."

The Western Education Society, in the State of New York, though formed in 1817, did not become connected with the American Education Society till after the Presbyterian Education Society became a branch of the Parent Society in 1827, and then through that Branch, as being auxiliary to it. The Western Reserve Branch, including the northern part of the State of Ohio, and the Territory which is now the State of Michigan, was recognized as such in 1830, January 13.

An Agency was established at Cincinnati, January 13, 1830, and at that time the officers were appointed by the Parent Society. An Agency is a Society formed for the purpose of transacting the business of the American Education Society within a certain defined territory, operating very much as a branch, excepting that it has no concurrent powers with the Parent Institution.

In 1830, an auxiliary society was established in Rhode Island. The Indiana Branch, April 14, 1830, and the Illinois Branch, January 19, 1831, were recognized as such. In 1831, agencies were established in East and West Tennessee, and in the south part of Alabama. July 13, 1831, the Presbyterian Education Society was re-organized, so as greatly to extend its operations. The following is the arrangement as amended and finally accepted by the Board of Directors of the Presbyterian Branch, and concurred in by the Directors of the Parent Society.

"Whereas, it has been represented to this Board, that the interests of the American Education Society would be promoted by a reorganization of the Presbyterian Branch, so as to extend its operations within the territorial limits of the Presbyterian church, and the Board being anxious to afford every facility for accomplishing the object which the Society has in view, it is agreed on the part of this Board, that hereafter, the administration of the affairs of the American Education Society, within the territorial limits of the Presbyterian church out of New England, be committed to the Presbyterian Branch, if agreeable to said Branch, in conformity with the following arrangement or plan of union:

"1. The Branch Society to modify its Constitution suitably to the extension of its operations within the proposed limits.

"2. The principles and rules of the American Education Society, as existing at the time of this arrangement, or as they may be hereafter determined, with the concurrence of the Presbyterian Society, to be received, and observed in all cases where they are capable of being applied.

"3. The Presbyterian Society to assume all the engagements of the American, within the limits mentioned; and the two Societies shall, as they may be able, render pecuniary aid each to the other, whenever the immediate wants of either shall require.

“4. Branch Societies or Agencies, within the above limits, to hold the same relation to the Presbyterian which they have heretofore held to the American Society, and to make all their returns to the former, unless such Branch Societies or Agencies shall dissent from this arrangement.

"5. The vote of the executive authority of the Presbyterian Society upon all applications for patronage, for dismission, or for cancelling of obligations of beneficiaries within its limits, and upon all matters relating to the standing of young men under its patronage, shall be final; but a report of the same, fully and accurately made out, with the schedules, original or copied, upon which the votes are founded, to be forwarded quarterly to the Parent Society, and deposited in its archives.

"6. Notes of beneficiaries under the care of the Presbyterian Society to belong to said Society, and to be held and collected by its Treasurer in the same manner as heretofore by the Treasurer of the Parent Society; but a list of all moneys received by the Presbyterian Society, to be forwarded quarterly by the Treasurer of the same to the Treasurer of the American Society, for publication in its journal. "7. Beneficiaries of either Society to be admitted to equal privileges without reëxamination, on transferring their relation from one Society to the other.

"8. The Secretary of the Parent Society to have the liberty of residing in New York and superintending the affairs of the Presbyterian Society, if in his judgment he can better promote by such an arrangement the general interest confided to him-in which case his support to be provided for by the two Societies, in such manner and proportion as may be agreed upon by their respective Boards or Committees.

"9. The Assistant Secretary of the Parent Society to reside in Boston, and to be Editor of the Quarterly Register and Journal.

"10. The Executive Committee of this Board to confer with the Executive Authority of the Presbyterian branch in relation to the foregoing plan of union, and to take such further steps as may be

necessary to carry the same into effect, whenever it shall have been approved by said Branch."

Thus by this new arrangement, the Presbyterian Branch, having received enlarged powers and privileges, assumed the name of Presbyterian Education Society. While it now possesses greater privileges and powers than a Branch, as the term is used in the organization of the Parent Society, it is nevertheless not a co-ordinate Society, but a constituent part of the American Education Society; and as such it acts in all its proceedings in administering the affairs of the Society within certain prescribed limits. The Western Reserve, Illinois, and Michigan Branches have never acceded to this new arrangement so as to become connected with the Presbyterian Education Society, but still hold a direct connection with the Parent Society.

The Utica Agency was established in 1833, and also the Central Agency at Philadelphia, which in 1835 assumed the name of the Philadelphia Education Society, with an enlargement of its field of operations, embracing New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, Maryland and Virginia. The New York City Young Men's Education Society was formed in the autumn of 1834.

"At a meeting of the Western Agency of the Presbyterian Education Society, at Cincinnati, October 30, 1834, 'after a brief statement of what had been done to educate young men for the ministry in the West, and some remarks relative to the magnitude of the work, and, the importance of united effort,' it was thought best that the Society should be re-organized for the purpose of increasing it in extent of territory, and in powers and privileges. Accordingly it was done, with the consent of the Presbyterian Education Society, and also of the Parent Society. The following articles are a part of the Constitution of the new Society."

"Article 1. This Society shall be known by the name of the Western Education Society.

"Art. 2. The object of the Society shall be to educate young men of piety and talents for the gospel ministry within the Valley of the Mississippi, upon the principles, and in conformity with the rules of the Presbyterian and American Education Societies, as existing at the time of adopting this constitution, or as they may hereafter be determined, with the concurrence of the Executive authority of this Society. "Art. 6. The votes of the Board of Directors of this Society, upon