Vienna was besieged by the TurksTM in 1683, and was relieved by Johns Sobieski, King of Poland. Austerlitz, a small town, is famous for the victory which the French, commanded by Napoleon, gained there, in 1809, over the Russians and Austrians z NAPOLEON I. b 12. Napoleon the* First was born at Ajaccio, in the Island of Corsica, on the 15th of August, 1769. His father, Charles Bonaparte, brought him toc France when he was ten years old,d and he was sent to the military college of Brienne, where he soon distinguished himselfe among his school-fellows forf his talents and application. He was afterwards sent to the military school of Paris, which he left to join a regiment of artillery. It was then that his military career began, and his success at the siege of Toulon was the beginning of a series of military achievements such as we have never yet seenk in the history of warfare. His wonderful victories will ever be1 the admiration of the world. He was certainly the most extraordinary genius that has ever existed. He was great as a warrior, and great as a* legislator. He experienced the greatest favours of fortune, and the roughest strokes of adversity. After having been the ruler of Europe, and having made all the world tremble, he died on a barren rock in the middle of the ocean, abandoned by all his friends, except a fews who shared his captivity. His remains are now at the Hôtel des Invalides, int Paris, under a magnificent monument raised" to his memory by the nation. Turcs. Jean.. Pologne." célèbre par.- que. *y remportèrent. Les Russes.- les Autrichiens.- naquit. bCorse.- - l'amena en.- dà l'âge de dix ans.- Lese distingua.par.b - quitta pour. Ce fut alors.ploits.- on n'en a encore jamais vus.— m éprouva. -coups les plus cruels. d'ex feront toujours. avoir.- domi - au.- de. à l'exception de quelques-uns, ——" élevé. PRUSSIA. 13. Prussia is a country of great extent, reaching from the shores of the Baltic to the banks of the Rhine, or, in other words,h from the frontiers of Russia to thosek of France. It is1 generally a levelm and fertile country, producing large quantities of " corn, tallow, linseed, amber, and zinc. The principal river of Prussia is the Vistula, a* nobleP river, which falls into the Baltic atr Dantzic. Prussia has an immense military force, but no navy.3 Its population is aboutt thirteen millions. * X Berlin, the capital of Prussia, is one of the most beautiful" towns in Europe. The most remarkable objects are, the King's Palace, the winter gardens, the Egyptian Museum, and a great number of literary establishments. The chinaa and carriages are famous.b Frederic II., born in 1712, surnamed the Great, raiseda Prussia to the rank of a first-rate power. DOVER CASTLE. 14. At the south-east of England,f upon the summit of a chalk cliffs from 350 to 400 feet in height, and at a distance of about twenty-one miles from the opposite coast of France, stands1 Dover Castle.m The town of Dover has been built ton the west of,* and immediately below it.* The antiquity of the castle very far exceeds that of the town; and all that the latter contains worthy of remark is of modern date. It is, however, generally known ast La Prusse. -6 aux. 0 d d'une grande.— s'étendant des.- - Mer hen d'autres termes. iRussie.. Baltique. t - la. -" une grande quantité de.-P grand.- - se jette. à.- pas de marine.- t d'environ. jolies. de l'Europe.- les jardins d'hiver.- le Musée Égyptien.2 d'institutions. u brenommées.- né en.- d éleva. La porcelaine. au. Au sud-est de l'Angleterre. rocher de craie.- _hà.· de hauteur.d'environ.- s'élève.- le château de Douvres.-" bâtie surpasse de beaucoup.- -P celle de.tout ce que celle-ci. de digne.- - cependant.t regardée comme. à. 0 the key to the Continent, and as possessing a very complete artificial harbour. The coasts of Sussex andy Kent, as well as the opposite coast of France, are without natural harbours; but as a proof how fara art has supplied this want, the harbours of Dover and Ramsgate, among others, may be referred tod with just pride. 15. The fortifications of the castle are of different epochs, Roman, Saxon, Norman, and of latere date. The watch-tower,f (an octagonal buildings), the parapet, the peculiar form of the ditch, all exhibith the hand of the Roman architect; and there is noi doubt that the Romansk had here one of their stationary posts, or walled encampments. The watchtower and the ancient church are the only remaining buildings within the Roman fortress. What the precise origin of this church was is not known," but it was consecrated to Christian worship by St. Augustine? when he was in England in the sixth century.r Ꮓ 16. The north turret of the keeps ist 95 feet above the ground," which is 373 feet above the level of the sea. The view from it, on a clear day, comprises the North Foreland, Ramsgate pier, the Isle of Thanet, the valley of Dover, and the towns of Calais and Boulogne, with the intermediate French coast. There is an armouryb in the keep, and many ancient curiosities are to be seen here, among which is Queen Elizabeth's pocket-pistol, a* beautiful piece of brass ordnance presented to Elizabeth by the States of Holland, as a* tokens of respect for the assistance she с u du.- comme. des plus beaux.- et de. ainsi que.- pour montrer jusqu'à quel point. supplée à.entre autres. -d peuvent être cités.- -plus récente. La tour d'observation. -s édifice. tout révèle.-'il n'y a pas Romains. camps retranchés.- édifices qui restent. Quelle fut l'origine précise de cette église, on l'ignore.-P St. Augustin.-en Angleterre. siècle.donjon.ta.— -" au-dessus du sol. ce qui fait. niveau.- y du haut de cette tour. de. n o culte. 8 du x du Cap Nord.- Il y a. entre autres. d barsenal. e d'artillerie en cuivre. 8 témoignage. afforded them against Spain. It isk twenty-four feet long, and bears a Dutchm inscription, of which the following is a translation": "O'er hill and dale, I throw my ball, MOZART. 17. The great composer Mozart was the son of Leopold Mozart, one of the musicians belonging toa the chapel of the Prince Archbishop of Salzburg, in which towns he was bornt the 27th of January, 1756. He was," almost from the cradle, a prodigy of musical genius. He was only three years old when his attention was excited in the most extraordinary mannery by the lessons which his father then began to give his sister on the harpsichord; and in the course of the following year, he rapidly learned to play minuets and other pieces of music. At the age of five, he composed numerous pieces, which his father wrote down. Music nowm became the child's only passion; he abandoned the society of his little playmates; and he would have willingly remained P at his harpsichord almost from morning till night. Soon after this,* his father determined to exhibit him at the different German" courts. 18. In the autumn of 1762, the whole family proceeded to Vienna. Here the boys played before the Emperor Francisz I., when his performances excited l'Espagne. 1 qu'elle leur accorda.Ila.- -de longueur. - Hollandaise. - dont voici la traduction.--o lance. --- mon nom est briseur. - attachés à.- Saltsbourg.naquit.- . " fut. dès. C dans le courant. sville où.- t Il n'avait que trois ans. de la manière la plus extraordinaire.——” que.— commença alors à. apprit rapidement. a .dil - à jouer.— d'autres.- - de cinq ans. que.- écrivit. k un grand nombre de morceaux.compagnons de jeux. m alors. a du. u ת. rau soir. $ se décida. d'Allemagne.. toute la famille. -il serait.P resté. t tà le produire. se rendit à Vienne. - François.a où son exécution. - l'enfant. 2 the utmost astonishment among some of the first proficients in the art. It was with reluctance that he consented to play, except to those whom he believed to be judges of music. When he sat down to his instrument with the Emperor byh his side, " Is not Mr. Wagenseil here ?"i said he, addressing himself k to his Majesty; "we must send for him; he understands the thing." Accordingly, that composer took the place of the Emperor, and turned over n the leaves of one of his own concertos, while the piece was executed by the young artist. Soon after this,* Mozart learned, nearly without instruction, tor play on the violin. Next yeart he visited in succession▾ Munich, Augsburgh, Mannheim, Frankfort, Coblentz, Brussels, and lastly, Paris; in all of which cities" his performances were listened to b with universal delight and wonder. Nor did he produce less effect when, in April, 1764, he made his appearance in England. He composed several celebrated operas, and his "Requiem," the last of his works. He died on* the 5th of December, 1792, at the age of thirty-seven.s CHRISTIANIA 19. Christiania, although the smallest of the capitals of Europe, is certainly one of the most interesting toi a stranger; and, in situation, far exceeds them allk in the romantic beauties by which1 it is surrounded.TM Then Fiord, upon which it stands,° is so dotted with P con quelques-uns des premiers maîtres.- C'était. sentait à. devant ceux qu'il.- f en musique.- - s'assit à. _hà.- Mr. Wagenseil, n'est-il pas ici ?k en s'adressant. il faut l'envoyer chercher.- - En conséquence.— - tourna. ses propres.- p -Ppendant que le morceau.a apprit. - L'année suivante.- successivement.- -- AugsBruxelles.- — enfin. - dans toutes ces villes. 'écoutée. Il ne produisit pas moins d'effet.- - d entrée. e Angleterre.- mourut. trente-sept ans. i pour.- les surpasse toutes de beaucoup. des plus. dont. m environnée." Le.- — elle est située.--P tellement parsemé. |