FROM THE PORT FOLIO. ADDRESSED TO A YOUNG GENTLEMAN WHO HAD DEVIATED FROM MORAL PROPRIETY. WHEN virtue beaming from the star of truth, Hail'd the fair dawn, and bless'd approving heav'n ; And dissipation op'd its thorny wild. Diversity. WHEN the Earl of Effex, one of the moft polite and accomplished nobleman in England, who was too a chief favorite. of queen Elizabeth, had happened to speak a little impertinent and faucily to her, the in her anger, befides fcourging him with her tongue, gave him a violent box on the ear. HABEAS CORPUS. 66 IT was not till the year 1679, that the important act of Habeas Corpus was paffed in England. By this act it was prohibited to fend any one to a prifon beyond fea. No Judge, under fevere penalties, muft refufe to any prifoner a writ of habeas corpus, by which the gaoler was directed to produce in court the body of the prifoner (whence the writ has its name,) and to certify the caufe of his detainer and imprisonment. If the gaol lie within 201 miles of the judge, the writ must be obeyed in three days; and fo proportionably for greater diftances: every prifoner muft be indicted the firft term after his commitment, and brought to trial in the fubAnd no man after being enlarged by order of court, can be recommitted for the fame offence." When the dark storm was low'ring 'round thy fequent term. head, Thy reason veil'd-thy manly graces fled; Alas! how sad the gloomy prospect seem'd, How faint the star that on life's morning gleam'd; How dim the lustre which adorn'd thy youth, When science lur'd thee by the voice of truthWhen Heav'ns pure law thy liberal spirit sway'd, And peace, with ample recompence repaid. Could'st thou (my friend) in wisdom's mirror Where false enjoyment differs from the true; The contrast plac'd-alas! how dark and drear, Reverse the scene-diffuse thy light afar, a Calvinist, and that none were buried in his church yard but Lutherans. Dr. Thomas reasoned with him in vain: at length he told him the following ftory, which had the defired effect. "When I was a curate in London, faid the Doctor, as I was burying a corpíe, a woman pulled me by the fleeve and faid to me with much concern and earnestnefs, "Pray ftop the fervice; why, dear fir, this man, you know, died of the fmall pox, and they are burying him close by the fide of my poor hufband, who never had it." A CITY of Germany once had recourse to arms, and was thrown into the utmoft confufion, upon the trifling dif "Whether the Lord's prayer, in pute, Latin, begun with pater nofter or nofter pater." Literary Motice. PROPOSALS have been iffued by Meffrs. GILBERT & DEAN, Bofton, for POEMS, by Sufanna Rowfon, Precep publishing a collection of ORIGINAL trefs of the Young Ladies Academy, Newtown, Mafs. Price of the volume, neatly bound and lettered, One Dollar. Previous to the period aforefaid, peo- TERMS OF THE BALANCE. To City Subscribers, Two Dollars and fifty cents, To Country Subscribers, who receive their papers A handsome title-page, with an Index or Table of Contents, will be given with the last number of each volume. Advertisements inserted in a conspicuous and handsome manner, in the Advertiser which accom. panies the Balance. Complete files of the first volume, which bare been reserved in good order for binding, are for sale -Price of the volume, bound, Two Dollars and fif ty cents-unbound, Two Dollars. The whole may be sent, stitched or in bundles, to any post-office in the state, for 52 cents postage; or to any post-of fice in the union for 78 cents. PUBLISHED BY Warren-Street, Hudson. of the factory happening to die at a neigh- SAMPSON, CHITTENDEN & CROSWELL, WHERE PRINTING IN GENERAL IS EXECUTED WITH ELEGANCE AND ACCURACY. Driginal Ellays. HUDSON, (New-York) TUESDAY, JULY 19, 1803. Hither the products of your closet-labors bring, Eurich our columns, and instruct mankind. FOR THE BALANCE. POLITICAL SKETCHES. No. V. THE political current, in Eng depreffed by the memory of paft misfortunes, by the profpe&t of future difafters,' were glad, in a very fhort time, to exchange the iron yoke of their own reprefentations for that of a military defpot, the daring Cromwell. political difquifitions. The treasures of || intrigue, equally flattered and befooled, political current, in England, that had long run with violence toward liberty, having at laft fwept away every oppofing mound, an unchecked, uncontrouled democracy was established on the ruins of the throne. All power|gether formed fuch a bright conftellation was lodged in the houfe of commons, who were the immediate representatives of the people. There was no royal veto to arreft their patriotic exertions: there were no Lords temporal or fpiritual to inhibit or controul their meafures. The baubles of literary characters as can feldom be found in the annals of English literature. Hume, fpeaking of the English at the commencement of the commonwealth, remarks, Never was there a people lefs corrupted by vice, and more actuated by of ariftocracy, Jars, garters, mitres, lie principle. Never were there individuals fcattered beneath their feet. who poffeffed more public fpirit, more capacity, more difinterefted zeal." The leaders of the commonwealth, who compofed the parliament, had as much capac general view, nearly as much integrity and patriotifm as any body of legiflators either before or fince. Nothing could bend their fortitude: nothing was infuperable to their industry. The English made the experiment of a Zemocratic republic, under fingular advantages;--by their infular fituation, they were disjoined from the rest of the world;ity and political experience—perhaps, in a the luxury and debauchery of modern days had not infected them they were a plain fober people, no wife corrupted generally in their morals and habits. An enthufiaftic love of liberty was rooted in their breafts, and interwoven with every fibre of their hearts; in her facred caufe they had manifefted a noble contempt of dangers and of death :-nor were they unilluminated with the rays of fcience.-A long fruggle between prerogatives and privileges had familiarifed their minds to The commonwealth commencing under fuch favourable circumftances, feemed to promife a long duration to the existence of the equal rights of the people :-yet it proved to be an ill-jointed fabric-a fyftem of confufion and horrible tyranny; and the people, the sport of laction and When there is a confolidation of the legiflative, executive and judicial powers, this mighty engine is even more terrible in the hands of many, than it is in the hands of an individual; becaufe the infamy of iniquitous meafures being divided among numbers, the individual fhare that attaches to each, feems thereby to be fo diminifhed that he can easily furmount all fenfe of fhame; and befides, the greater the numbers concerned jointly in the abuse of power, the more fecure are they, from refponfibility, and with the more facility each one may parry any criminations against himself, and fix them upon others. A popular affembly holding the reins of government with powers unlimited and uncontrouled, muft be better than commonly frail men, if they fhould refrain, for a long time, from playing into one an others' hands, and from fwindling and cheating the public, with all the cunning and dexterity of gamblers. Some might ftand aloof at firft;-a few might preferve their integrity throughout: but the illufions of a felfifh fpirit would not fail to blind, and the profits of the game to allure and engage a very refpectable majority. Inftances there have been not a few of men, who, as politicians, and who kept in countenance by a multitude of accomplices and coadjutors, have unblufhingly concurred in knavish projects and meafures relating to the public, fuch as they would have difdained to have been guilty of in their private concerns. judged to be heart-malignants their doom tegrity, who in vain oppofed their voices Independence. COMMUNICATED FOR THE BALANCE. Livingston-Ville, Schoharie courty, 28th June, 1803. The commonwealth-parliament did not Thus the people who aforetime had merely grafp, in their utmoft extent, thofe been chaftifed with whips, were now dangerous powers and prerogatives, the chaftiled with fcorpions. In exchange claims and attempted exercife whereof, by for the oppreffions of royalty they were Charles, was the occafion of his precipita-preyed upon by fwarms of cunning fharption from a flippery throne to the bloody ers and hungry fpeculators; most of fcaffold; but they alfo affumed and exerwhom had emerged from obfcurity-and cifed other powers and prerogatives en- fome from the lowest condition of life. tirely new. They fhackled the prefs, and It is a fact very little honourable to hurepreffed all free enquiry: they exercifed man nature, that there never was in Engthe flar-chamber authority of licencing land a government more hateful and more books; and impofed heavy fines and other hated than that of the firft parliament of penalties on the authors and venders of fuch the commonwealth a parliament that had publications as cenfured their own meaf-affected to trample down all tyranny, and ures. Vaft fums of public money they to spread abroad the bleffings of equal lib. divided among themfelves. A violent erty a parliament too, in which there noify zeal was made the principal qualifi- was a number of members of inflexible incation for advancement to office: confequently public offices, in moft inftances, were filled with artful knaves, who watched for opportunities to prey upon the public. The fequeftered eftates of the king, the nobility and the royalifts, which were nearly one half of the lands and rents of the kingdom, were embezzled, and went to enrich unprincipled individuals of the prevailing party. Party fpirit beftrided even the venerable feat of judgment. The judges were dependant ;-they were the creatures and tools of parliament; and their verdicts and decifions were so warped and fhaped as to accord with the will. of their masters. Hence the very fountain of juflice was fo poifoned, that the political characters of the parties, in a judicial trial, had more weight with the bench than the merits of their refpective caufes. Parliament committees were velted with unlimited judicial and executive powers; and they impofed heavy fines, committed people to prifon, and inflicted corporal punishments, without any remedy, according to their pleasure, or as caprice, prejudice or revenge happened to dictate. Party names were craftily ufed as means of fixing odium on the fairest characters, and were made an engine of judicial op. preffion, The predominant party called themfelves the well-affected; and they gave to their opponents the opprobrious name of malignants. And fuch was the venom as well as blindness of party-prejuJONATHAN MEEKER, Chairman. dice, that merely the name malignant was WILLIAM THOMAS, Clerk. enough to baft the faireft fame, and to damn the best caufe. This odious name, Accordingly, on the 4th inft. a com-. to anfwer political purpofes, was often pany of between four and five hundred, bestowed on those who leaft deferved it met at Livingfton-Ville, and walked in -on republicans as well as royalifts. In In proceffion from the turnpike freet, to a vain did fufpectel perfons bar the door of bower prepared for the occafion, headed their lips and paflively submit to all the by a company of volunteers, commanded meafures of their republican rulers: the by Gen. Daniel Shays. After an introparliament gave their committees inquif-duction by prayer, an oration was delivitorial powers to examine into heart ma lignancy; and however innocent or laudable were their overt acts, if they were The following toafis were then drank, under the difcharge of Gen. Shays' muft quetry. longer 1. The People.-May they no be employed as tools for babbling elec tioneerers. 2. The conftitution of the United States.--May the murderous wounds it has received from theoretical diffecters, obtain a timely cure by experienced fur geons. 3. The memory of GEORGE WASHING TON. 4. The Prefident of the United States. Reverence and refpe&t for the office, tho it be holden even by-Thomas Jef ferfon. 5. Aaron Burr, vice-prefident of the United States. Democracy can now do without him; therefore let him be narra tived and fuppreffed. 6. George Clinton, governor of the ftate of New-York. An old ftatefman never dies more honorably than after his firft retirement. 7. Jeremiah Van Renffelaer-as pref dent of the bank of Albany. 8. American Farmers. 9. Thofe worthy ftatefmen and real pat riots, who are laid afide to make room for the felf ftyled. 10. Alexander Hamilton, and the Con AT a meeting of a number of the in- Refolved, That the 4th of July next, be prefident, and Peter Rechtmeyer, Elq. Refolved, That Thomas Fitch, Charles ments. Refolved, That the Chairman of this meeting requeft Amos Eaton, Efq. to deliver an oration fuited to the occafion. ered by Amos Eaton, Efq. giving a con 11. John Jay, Efq. May the bickerings of a malignant party never alienate our esteem from diftinguifhed merit. 12. American Fair, and the judicial de partment. May they ever remain pure and uncorrupted; that the one may tem other check our political extravagancies. per our rafhnefs in common life, and the 13. The Agricultural fociety. May it till fucceed in every kind of improve ment, but in raifing L'Homedieu calves. 14. Our Miffiffippi brethren. May they remember, that good may fometimes come out of folly; and poffibly out of a cowardly negociation. 15. Foreign emigrants. May we ac cept, with the higheft fenfe of gratitude | the favors they are conftantly conferring on us, in fuffering us ftill to fhare with them in many public offices. 16. Livington-Ville. May it be Living-flone," which the "builders of good order and good government, ma not "refule." 17. John Livingflon, Efq. May b toftering care be feconded by the farme of the Ville, in changing a wilderness fruitful fields. VOLUNTEER. By the prefident of the day.-The O ator of the day. Shining talents fhould I prehenfive that he would "appeal to the be tempered with moderation. The business was conducted with perfea harmony-not a fingle inftance of irregularity or intemperance occured during the exercifes. July 5th, 1803. Selected. FROM THE EVENING POST. What a charming thing it is to be consistent ! WHEN the news was first announced, that Louisiana had been ceded to the United States, Duane in the plenitude of his vain importance, undertook to treat it as an idle ftory, and, without any difficulty, declared that the intelligence had arifen from ignorance, or a defign to mifreprefent the conduct of the government on this fubject. He then proceeds to affign his reafons for this opinion "The United States (lays he) fland in no prefat need of the immenfe countries of Louthana "It would be injurious to our profperity to poffefs Louifiana in full fovereignty at this time, it would diminith the price of our lands in the confederacy, it would diminifh and difperfe our population. Thefe confiderations could not have efcaped, an adminiltration fo careful of the Union, and well acquainted with the interes of the Western countries." people" it his opinion fhould be rejected, Balance Closet. The Bee undertakes to prove that we do not pub lish "near seventeen hundred papers," as we formerly stated; and how do you think the dronich insect makes it out? Why, truly, by declaring that our whole impression is but 1680 ! The Bee further says, that we "save two hun dred copies of the Balance weekly." This is false. Further that "one hundred and fifty, or not far from that number, we send to printers, for which we receive no other pay than their papers in e change." This is false. Again" about fifty to Post-Masters and agents, for which we expect no compensation." This is false. Well done, Holt! Three plump falshoods, in six short lines! Who will wonder, after this, that the democrats are opposed to giving the truth in euidence. Mitchell & Buel have set up a new paper at Kingston, Ulster county, which they very signifi cantly call the Plebeian." A queer writer in the Ulster Gazette, says he has been searching Bailey's "The moment Great Britain involves Spain in the European war, is the moment for us to close the bargain; we fhall obtain the Floridas without difficulty on that occurrence, and at a reafonable price. much arife from a want of land, as from The policy of our poffeffion does not fo a prudential and early precaution to guard against dangerous or perfidious neigh-and Sheridan's Dictionaries to find out the meanbours. The fame policy has governed the enlarged views of adminiftration in relation to Louifiana." ing of the word, and that the first defines it-" One of the commonalty, a mean person”—and the other ~" mean persons, belonging to the lower ranks, vule gar, low, common."Mitchell has certainly been more fortunate in the selection of this title than he was when he commenced his "Barometer," alias Mitchell imagines that we did not "relish the word Proem, which entitled his poetic address in the first number of the Barometer." He has therefore" given a different name to a similar production in the first number of the Plebeian."-Mitchell It was not the title of his first-born poetry that we disliked, for that same proem by any other name, would be as bad” Of this we are convinced by observing, that "the Poet's Congee" (the name given to the Plebeian production) is in no respect better than the Proem. We give the first couplet as a specimen, and leave the reader to judge. Now what are thefe" enlarged views ?" Why, according to Duane hinfelf in the paffage firft quoted, they confift in the pur-fog-mill or weather-glass. paffage firft quoted, they confift in the purchafe of a territory for which we have no prefent need; a purchafe injurious to our one that will diminish the profperity; and difperfe our population; one prohibi. acquain-price of our lands; one that will diminish ted by confiderations that could not escape an adminiftration careful of the union, As foon as we caft our eyes on this parand well acquainted with the interests of the certainly quite mistakes the matter. agraph, we perceived that Duane had western countries. If this be the manner teen fpeculating beyond his knowledge, in which Duane means to represent the and would fpestily repent of his folly. "enlarged views of administration," he The truth is that this man has to long con. would do them a more acceptable service fidered himfelt the "organ of the public by entire filence. That, however, on the will" that he holds himfelt entitled to a prefent occafion, was impoffible; for it is Fall acquaintance with all cabinet fecrets, on all hands conceded to be an important and of courfe prefumes that no measures event to our country, and the other trumcan be taken by the Government to which peters of Mr. Jefferson's fame, uniformly he is not privy. In the prefent inftance, concur in afcribing its accompithment to however, it feems that his friends have not his prudence and wifdom. Duane's miffeen fit to trust him, and that contrary take was therefore cruelly unfortunate, both to his expectations and judgment though it must be confeffed that his prethey have actually purchafed Louisiana. fent effort to do it away has not been very To what cause this want of confidence fuccefsiul. He is a perfevering fellow, may be attributed it is not eafy, nor per- however, and is as little troubled with rihaps material, to afcertain. Whether the gid notions of right and wrong as any man administration neglected to confult with living. There can be no doubt, therehim, because they fufpected what his fen- fore, now, fince it is determined to make timents were upon this point, and feared the coffion of Louisiana a means of increafto encounter the cogency of his reafoning;ing the popularity of our prefent rulers, or whether they thought it would be lefs offenfive to refrain from afking his council, than to take it, and then act in open defiance of it; or whether they were ap that Deane will become the most clamo- "The world had long in darkness groan'd, Alas! poor Tench Coxe! This war-worn veteran-this revolutionary whig and modern patriot, it appears, has lately met with another small reward for his services. A Philadelphia paper says, "Ifrael Whelan, Efq. has refigned the "office of purveyor of public fupplies; "and Tench Cove, Elq, has been ap"pointed by the prefident of the United "States, his fucceffor." Now reigns the moon of Democracy, when Whom erst the fed'ral sun had aw'd, Agricultural. A USEFUL EXTRACT. CHARACTER OF A GOOD HUSBANDMAN. Mx Y friend Providus is a prospeHis crops of grain rous hulbandman. and hay are plentiful: his cattle are in heart, and his cows afford him butter and cheese in abundance. Some who live near him, on farms as large and of nearly the fame quality, buy half their bread corn, are deftitute of hay every fpring, and, from the fame number of cows, have fcarcely milk for their families. They wonder what is the matter. They say to Providus, "there is a peculiar bleffing on your husbandry." "No, fays he, there is no greater bleffing fent to me, than to you. The only difference is, I am always ready to receive and improve it.The fun thines as warmly and the rain falls as liberally on your farms, a on mine; but they will do you no good, if you fow no feed in feafon, or make no fence till the crop be deftroyed, I prepare my fields well-fow them feasonably fence them effectually-gather my grain when it is ripe-house it before the rains have ruined it-threfh it before the rats have eaten half of it-and what I mean to fpare, I fell, when I have a good market. I never fo confume my old ftores, as to reap my grain before it is ripe, or run fo much in debt for rum or any thing else, as to thresh for my creditors, when I should be preparing for another crop. I cut my grafs when it is in its proper ftate, and proportion my flock to my fodder. I never deftroy my grain or mowing grafs by feeding them down in the fpring. I keep my cat'e well-and my oxen are ftrong, and my cows yield me plenty of milk. My wife in her department ufes the fame economy. What cannot be immediately applied to human ufe, the applies to fome other ufe, which ultimately turns to the benefit of the family. She cuts her pork in the barrel with attention, fo that one third of it is not reduced to morfels and feraps, and thrown by for foap greafe. Her dairy fhe attends with care, and her cheese is not half deftroyed by maggots. When the makes her bread, fhe does not let it fland until it is too four to be eaten or leave it in the oven till it is reduced to a coal, and then throw it to the hogs. She mends her children's clothes, before they are tattered to rags. She makes every thing go as far as it can. "Thus we manage our affairs. We act in concert, often advifing, but never oppofing each other. If there comes a bleffing we have the benefit of it. "Ufe the fame economy and induftry within doors and without, and you will have your share of the common tiffing, and find that Providence is more impartial than you seem to imagine." gentlemen of Hudíon, public notice is O the young ladies and young hereby given, by one who wishes to blend utility with amufement, that 23d inftant precifely at 42 minutes after 4 o'clock, (fhould the weather prove fair and favourable,) there will be exhibited on the high grounds adjacent to this city, a moft fublime and fplendid Show. It The grand object that will then appear was feen each morning with raptures of delight, and with fentiments of pureft devotion, by the happy pair in Paradise. was of old, and fill is, worshipped every morning by the children of the Eift. It has been the theme of poets ever fince poetry began; and all true philofophers, both pagan and chriftian, have made it a fubject of their profound and pleafing contemplation: yet half its grandeur and beauty has never been either Jung or faid. The exhibition, it is expected, will be attended with a variety of peculiarly pleal. ing circumftances. It will be preceded by a charming concert of vocal mufic, from a large number of excellent chorifters in the neighbourhood. An unfeen hand will diffufe a fragrance through the air, exhilerating the fenfes and gladening the heart. The fky will be diverfified with the most pleafing tints" one boundlefs blufh" will diffufe the geous" chambers" of the Eaft; while the tops of the furrounding mountains and geor. hills and the roofs of houfes will appear fo beautifully gilded, as would be far beyond the art of the finest painter to imitate. In a speedy fucceffion to these grateful preparatory fcenes, the magnificent Show will appear emerging gradually from be. low the Eaftern horizon. At first will fee a rim, as it were, of Curnished you gold, which enlarges till a vaft golden orb difplays itself in fearless majefty. No tongue, no pen, no pencil, can do juftice profeffes a fingle particle of genuine fen. to its beauty and grandeur: no one that timent, can behold it without emotions of pleasure and admiration. This fuperb Show is to be feen gratis. Nothing will be demanded for the fight, but fentiments of due respect toward the Great Architect and Exhibitor. PROPOSAL to the American literati, and to all the citizens of the United States, to employ the following names and epithets for the country and nation to which they belong; which, at the distance of 27 years from the declaration, and of 20 years from the acknowledgement of their independ ence, are to this day deftitute of proper geographical and political denominations, whereby they may be aptly diftinguished from the other regions and people of the earth: FREDON, the aggregate noun for the whole territory of the United States. FREDONIA, a noun of the fame import, for rhetorical and poetical use. FREDONIAN, a fonorous name for "a citizen of the United States." FREDE, a fhort and colloquial name for 66 a citizen of the United States." FREDISH, an adjective to denote the rela tions and concerns of the United States. Example. "FREDON is probably better fupplied with the materials of her own hil tory than Britain, France, or any country of the whole world: and the reafon is obvious; for the attention of the FREDONIANS was much fooner dire&ted, after their fettlement, to the collection and preferva tion of their facts and records, than that of the Dutch and Irifh. Hence it will hap pen that the events of FREDISH hiftory wil be more minutely known and better unde |