124

Agricultural.

FROM THE AMERICAN MUSEUM.

DIRECTIONS FOR THE CULTURE OF THE CUR-
RANT BUSH.

THE

HE currant-bush, though a fhrub that grows almoft fpontaneously, requires nevertheless fome dreffing; in regard to which the following directions may be of fervice.

Plant them round the quarters in your garden, that they may have the benefit of the dung and culture annually bestowed thereon, which will confequently make the berries large and the juice rich. The red currant is preferable to the white, as yielding richer juice, and in much greater quantity.

Take the most luxuriant flips or shoots of a year's growth, fet them in the ground about eight inches deep, and not less than twenty-four diftant from each other; thefe never fail of taking root, and generally begin to bear in two years. For the refl, let them, from time, be treated as efpaliers (but not against a wall) obferving to keep the roots, efpecially in the fpring of the year, free from fuckers and grafs.

This treatment is the more neceffary, as the goodnefs of the wine in a great degree depends on their having the full benefit of the fun and air, to maturate and give the berries a proper balfamic quality, by exhaling a due proportion of their acid watry particles.

Monitorial Department.

To aid the cause of virtue and religion.

An excellent address from the late general meeting, at New-York, of the people called Quakers, having been handed us by a friend, we shall republish it in continuation as an important system of advice and admonition to individuals and to the public. Edit. Bal.

ous truth involving many important confid-
erations, that are deeply interefting to man
kind, and very nearly connected with their
prefent welfare, and future happiness. Un-
der thefe impreffions, and feeling much
folicitude for the real good of our fellow-
citizens, we are engaged thus to addrefs.
them.

In contemplating the multiplied bleffings
with which our country has been, and con-
tinues to be favoured, we are led to confid-
er, that great are the obligations we are un-
der to the bountiful Difpenfer of all good,
and loud the call to gratitude and thank ful-
nefs of heart;-a difpofition incumbent on
every rational being, as an acknowledg-
ment for the goodnels of GOD;-a difpofi-
tion on which may be founded the reafon-
able hope of his continued favour; as hif-
tory and our own obfervation furnish am-
ple proof, that in every age of the world
thofe individuals, or that people have been
the favourites of heaven, and the peculiar
heirs of its bleffings, who have not followed
cunningly devifed fables, but fubftantial
truth; whofe concern it has been to glorify
the Divine Being, by walking before him
in truth, choofing the good, and turning
from evil and while we view this as the
medium through which we may with con-
fidence look for the continued bleflings of
heaven, we are forrowfully affected in ob.
ferving the abundant evils that are, (and it
prevalent in our country; all having a di-
is to be teared fome of them increafingly)
rect tendency, more or lefs, to impair the
morals of the peop'e, and lead from the
paths of piety and virtue: and although
we do not apprehend it our present business
to enumerate many of thofe that are as the
bane of fociety, and very injurious in their
nature and effects to fuch as give way
to, and alfo extremely debafing to man;
there-
yet, there are some of them so seriously im-
preflive on our minds as to claim a place in
this addrefs.

The common, but very pernicious prac-
tice of Horferacing, we confider to be an
evil that embraces many other vices, and is
certainly a great nuance in a well-ordered
civil fociety, it having a natural tendency,
by corrupting the mind, gradually to open
the way to many other vicious habits. We
may alfo fubjoin the cruel diverfion of
Cockfighting, with other amufements of a
fimilar nature, that are repugnant to every
humane and tender feeling. What pleafure
can refult to a rational mind from torturing
and afflicting thofe poor animals which
were intended for the ule and comfort of
man ?

[TO BE CONTINUED.]

complith revenge is great, like the prince
APHORISM. Who hides hatred to ac-
of hell.-LAVATER.

Political.

VOL. II.

The following CIRCULAR LETTER from the Hon. John Stanley, Member of Congress from the State of North-Carolina, to his Constituents, exhibits a candid, just, and concise statement of the proceedings of our National Legislature during the last session. A review of the transactions of this body should be frequently had, for their acts of folly and weakness have been so multifarions, and have proceeded in such rapid succession, that those which are passed are obliterated in the consideration of those constantly arising. Mr. Stan ley has presented this subject in a manner which will deservedly command the attention of every one, solicitous for the concerns of the country. [Gazette U. States]

AT the clofe of a feffion of congrefs, I ty until I have informed thofe whofe intercannot feel that I have difcharged my du. may concern them to know. This duty I efs I reprefent, of fuch proceedings as now meet with pleafure. In difcharging tained, with the fame candor and freedom, it, I fhall avow the opinions I have enter fuaded that next to an honeft exertion of with which I have given them here: perthe mind to decide right, an independent acceptable offering from a reprefentative communication of fentiment is the moft to his conftituents.

The attention of congrefs was early called to a "violation on the part the treaty between the United States and of Spain, of the king of Spain." To understand this holding the territory on the Weft of the bufinefs, you will recollect, that Spain Milliffippi, extending to the Gulph of Mexico, and on the east of the Miffiffippi fouth of the fouthern boundary of the United States, in the 31 deg. of N. latitude, is confequently proprietor of both fides the mouth of the river. The great difficulty, of afcending the river Mifliflippi in fea vel. and in fact the impoffibility at fome seasons produce of our Western States, had confels to a height convenient to receive the vinced the United States of the neceffity of obtaining from Spain the right to depofit it was conveniently acceffible by our fhips; our produce on their territory, from whence and alfo of fecuring to them, the free ufe of this highway to market. Thefe objects were obtained by the treaty concluded with Spain the 27th day of October, 1795. by the 22d article of which it ftipulated, “That his Catholic Majefty will permit the citiand effects in the port of New-Orleans, zens of the United States for the space of three years to deposit their merchandize and to export them from thence without

report will, in the opinion of the Prefi-
report will, in the opinion of the Prefi- ||
dent, divulge to the Houfe particular
tranfactions not proper at this time to be
communicated."

grefs, why was it mentioned in the meffage? And if this confideration was rendered improper by the intention to negociate, why was that intention never communicated? The belief that there were yet other objections to this refolution not advanced by its opponents forces itself on the mind, and is strengthened by the cir cumftance, that in the refolution of 17th December the tranfactions at New-Orleans were, without fear to irritate, openly and properly called " a violation of our treaty on the part of Spain." Surely too, the Prefident would not have hazarded the public fafety by preffing on our notice in a public communication, a transaction deeply interefting to our rights and interefts; but which was covered with a veil not to be raised but with danger or indelicacy. The prefident knew it to be his duty to acquire information on the fubject to prefume that he has not done. fo, would be to reproach him with reprehenfible indifference to, and neglect of our interefts. Yet, improbable as the fuggeftion might otherwife be, the circumstances go far towards compelling a belief, that the Prefident had neither fought or obtained any official information on the fubject, or that his enquiries had not been treated with that refpect, which is due to the American. nation and that a rejection of the refolution was re'orted to as the only mode of

paying any other duty than a fair price for the hire of the ftores, and his majefty promifes either to continue this permiffion if he finds during that time that it is not prejudicial to the interefts of Spain, or if he should This refolution was oppofed-That the not agree to continue it there, he will affign province of Louifiana had been ceded by to them on another part of the banks of the Spain to France-that this ceffion, if carri Miffiffippi, an equivalent establishment." ed into effect, would change the afpect of It was now fuggefted that our hips had our foreign relations, and therefore entitled been excluded from New Orleans, and the to weight in legiflative deliberations, were right of depofit prohibited. No informa- facts too deeply interefting to the United tion on this fubject being given in the mef- States to have efcaped notice, even though fage of the Prefident, the Houfe of Repre- they had not been preffed into the view of fentatives on the 17th December, 1802, by the legislature and recommended to their refolution requested the Prefident "to caufe attention by the high authority and folemn to be laid before the Houfe fuch informa- fanction of the Prefident. An oppofition tion in the poffeffion of the department of therefore to a call for information-a call ftate, as relates to a violation on the part of refpectful in its terms, fubmitting the exSpain, of the 22d article of the treaty of tent of the communication to the judgment friendship, navigation and limits between of the Prefident, was not to have been exthe United States and the king of Spain." pected. The majority of the Houfe difcovFrom the communication of the Prefident ered ftrong jealoufy of this refolution, and in confequence of this refolution, it was after various unfuccefsful attempts to have afcertained that the Intendant of New. Or- it confidered, it was at length taken up and leans, the officer intrufted with the com- rejected. In difcuffing this refolution. mercial concerns of the province, had by much extraneous matter was introduced; proclamation on the October, 1802, -the only arguments which I could dif. interdicted the American right of depofit at cover against the adoption of the refolution. New Orleans, without affigning any other were that fuch an inquiry, implying a fuf"equivalent eftablishment." It was alfo It was alfo picion of unfriendly or improper conduct known that the Governor General of Louon the part of Spain towards us might irifiana at New-Orleans did not condemn, ritate that nation; and that negociations but explicitly vindicated the measure. This were about commencing between our gov. act, directly violating a folemn treaty, pro- ernment and Spain and France. The doc-fhielding him from the mortifying difcloducing an immediate immenfe lofs to a trine advanced on this occafion, that algreat portion of our citizens, and viewed though the tranfactions of a foreign nation by many as the commencement of meas fhall be folemnly mentioned by the prefiures intended to deprive us of a place of dent in an official communication as changdepofit, and to obftruct the free navigationing the afpect of our foreign relations and of the river rights effential to the prof. perity of the Weftern ftates; affected too deeply the honor and intereft of the United States, not to merit the earliest and most ferious confideration. The claim of this fubject to attention was rendered peculiarly trong as connected with the ceffion of Louifiana by Spain to France, placed within the notice of Congrefs by the Prefident's mention of it in his meilage" as making a change in the afpect of our foreign relations, & entitled to juft weight in deliberations of the legislature connected with that fubject." To enable Congrefs to act with understanding on this fubject, and to judge what meafures, if any, were neceffary to be taken, Mr. Griswold, on the 5th January, moved the following ref. olution:

fure. Mr. Grifwold alfo moved the follewing refolutions :

66

Refolved, That the people of the United States are entitled to the free navi. gation of the river Mifliflippi.

Refolved, That the navigation of the river Miffiffippi has been obftructed by the regulations recently carried into effect at New-Orleans.

66

Refolved, That the right of freely navigating the river Mifliffippi ought never to be abandoned by the United States.

66

entitled to weight in our deliberations ;
and although meafures highly injurious to
our rights and intereft, and probably a con.
fequence of this tranfaction, have been a-
dopted, yet that a fear to irritate thall oblige
us to forbear from enquiry; to fhut our
ears to any information on the fubject, left
we difcover a fufpicion of unfriendly de-i Refolved, That a committee be ap-
figns, that in fact (far it amounts to this) pointed to enquire whether any, and if a-
we fhall never prepare to meet an hoftile ny, what legislative mea fures are neceffa-
defign, until it is "known to us by its ex-ry to fecure to the people of the United
ecution," as a doctrine not only novel, but States the free navigation of the river Mif-
too palpably dangerous to be admitted as fiflippi."
the real objection to this refolution-As
to the objection on the ground that negoci-
ation was about commencing, let it be con-
ceded that the direction of negociation be-
longs folely to the Executive, does it re-
fult or can it be ferioufly contended that
under our government the determination
of the Executive to negociate, takes from
the legislature their conftitutional power of
confidering what measures are neceffary
for the public welfare? Such a doctrine can
confift only with a fupremacy in the Exec-
utive-a doctrine at variance with the fun-
damental principles of our government.
If the ceflion of Louisiana was a subject
not proper for the confideration of Con-

These were not acted upon, the majori ty refufing to take the motion into confid eration. The following refolutions on the fame fubject were afterwards agreed to with clofed doors

66

Refolved, That this Houfe receive with great fenfibility the information of a difpofition in certain officers of the Spanifh government at New-Orleans, to obstruct the navigation of the river Mifliffippi, as fecured to the United States by the moft folemn ftipulations :

"That adhering to that humane and wife policy which ought ever to characterize a free people, and by which the United States have always profeffed to be

governed; willing, at the fame time to afcribe this breach of compact to the unauthorised mifconduct of certain individuals, rather than to a want of good faith on the part of his Catholic Majefty; and relying with perfect confidence, on the vigilance and wifdem of the Executive, they will wait the iffue of fuch meafures as that department of the government fhall have purfued for afferting the rights, and vindicating the injuries of the United States; holding it to be their duty, at the fame time, to exprefs their unalterable determination to maintain the boundaries and the rights of navigation and commerce through the river Miffippi, às eftablifhed by exifting treaties."

compliment or fervility fhould not be
heard, is only due to the exertion of those
qualities in meafures known and approved:
Whereas, in the prefent cafe, fo far from
measures being known, and found to mer-
it approbation, we were left to conjecture
whether any had been taken. Indeed the
rejection of the call for information regard.
ing Louifiana, afcribing only to the neg-
lect of the executive to procure any; the
want of official information what measures
had been adopted, and the appointment of
a minifter extraordinary to negociate on
this fubje&t not until after thefe proceed-
ings in the Houfe, warrant the opinion that
at the time of this vote of confidence, the
executive had not even taken those meas
ures which his own judgment fuggefted to
be neceffary. In fupport of this blind-fold
vote of confidence it was argued, that it
was the theory of our conftitution to af-
cribe" wifdom and vigilance" to the Ex-
ecutive in the exercife of powers confided
to that department. Permit me here to re-
mark, that it is the theory of the British
government to attribute fuch "perfect wif-
dom and vigilance" to their King that it
has become a maxim of their conflitution
"that the King can do no wrong." If the
theory of our conftitution be as advanced

To thefe refolutions it was objected, that the foft language of " fenfibility" was inadequate to the expreffion, by the reprefentatives of a free people, of the national fenfe of a great national wrong. That the refolution difcovered a timid difpofition in calling that a "difpofition to violate" our treaty, which was proved to us to be an actual and avowed, not a contemplated or fufpected, infraction of the treaty. That it contained a declaration of " perfect confidence in the wifdom and vigilance" of the Executive, and a determination to wait the iffue of meafures purfued by that depart-on this occafion, it differs but in found from ment, at a time that we had no knowledge whether any measures had been taken, and that it pledged the United States to wait the refult of negociation (the only measure the Executive can purfue without the autherity of congrefs) when the intereft and fafety of the United States may render fuch delay dangerous, and demand meafures, if not of action, at leaft of preparation.

the deformity of the British; and under
ours, as under that the theory and prac-
tice will frequently be at variance. I prize
our conftitution, as the rock of our fafety.
The obligation of an oath adds not to my
difpofition to fupport it; but neither my
attachment or duty can induce me to af-
cribe" perfect wifdom and vigilance" to a
branch of the government in particular,
where the evidence rather militates againft,
than fupports the claim.

Nothing urged in anfwer to thefe objections had the effect of obviating them in my mind. A feparate queftion was taken on The motion to reject this part was loft. the different members of this refolution. Upon the queftion to agree to the whole reAlthough many thought them liable to the folution, thofe whole objections had not objections I have ftated, and would have been obviated: who thought the vote of preferred the adoption of thofe moved by perfect cofidence improper; having recorMr. Grifwold, yet they united in the vote ded their votes in favour of fuch parts of in favour of fuch principles as accorded the refolution as were neceffary or proper; with their own. The declaration of a and believing that the refolutions fubmitfenfe of the wrong; the difpofition to ad-ted by Mr. Grifwold, were preferable, and here to that humane and wife policy which fhould always characterize a free people, and by which the United States had always profeffed to be governed; and the determination to maintain the rights of boundary and the free navigation of the river Miffiffippi, were unanimoufly agreed 10. It was moved to ftrike out the declaration of perfect confidence in the wisdom and vigilance of the Executive, and the determination to wait the iffue of fuch measures as that department fhall have purfued. On this queftion I voted in the affirmative; because the folemn vote of perfect confidence on an occafion where no fuch expreffion was neceflary, and on a fubject where the language of

that no injury could arife, it thofe under
confideration were rejected, voted against
them. I concurred in this vote. To fhew
that thofe who differed from the majority
in the preference of the refolutions adopt-
ed, to thofe moved by Mr. Grifwold, were
not, as malice or ignorance may fuggeft,
neceffarily advocates for immediate mea-
fures of hoftility; and that on an occafion
fimilar to the prefent, under an adminiftra-
tion meriting and poffeffing the perfect
confidence of the people, a line of conduct
was purfued correfponding to that which
it was the object of Mr. Grifwold's refolu-
tions to obtain, I beg leave to recall to
your recollection the proceedings of Con-
grefs in confequence of the unjustifiable

1793.

order of the King of England to his naval commanders to capture our fhips in the year At the opening of the feffion of Congrefs the Prefident (Washington) communicated the fubject to congrefs, accompanying his communication with a copy of his inftructions given by him to our Minil. ter at the British Court for demanding redrefs. The language of Wallington on this occafion was "There is a rank due to the United States among nations which will be withheld, if not abfolutely loft by the reputation of weaknefs. If we defire to avoid infult, we must be prepared to repel it. If we defire to preferve peace, one of the most powerful inflruments of our rifing profperity, it must be known that we are at all times ready for war." Had a fear to irritate those who had done us wrong, enfeebled the mind of that great man, he would have withheld until called for the information of the injury done us. But with the firmnefs which marked his character and which elevated the American character under his administration, he communicated uncalled for the informa tion: Not afraid to truft the national coun. cil with a conftitutional participation in devising measures for the prefervation of our rights, he communicated allo the inftructions he had given for demanding redrefs. Juft as was the claim of the Pref. dent to approbation, the legislature forbore fro from adulation. But with the independ ence of freemen and a promptnefs becom ing the guardians of the rights of their fel low-citizens, they truffed not the fafety and honor of their county to foft expreffions of "fenfibility"-they a&ted. They author ifed the Prefident to embody and call out 80,000 militia, if circumflances fhould ren der it neceffary-they fufpended, for a time by embargo, all commercial intercourfethey adopted and acted upon the opinion of their wife and vigilant Prefident, "That to avoid infult we must be prepared to repel it."

On the

January, the Prefident nom

inated to the Senate James Monroe as Minifter Extraordinanry to the Courts of the King of Spain and Firft Conful of France, to act in conjunction with our Minifler at thefe Courts, to negociate, it is prefumed, refpecting the fhutting the port of NewOrleans, and the ceffion of Louisiana.This gentleman was formerly our Minifter to France and was recalled by Washington for misconduct.

[TO BE CONTINUED.]

PARAGRAPH-After the manner of the Aurora. Some have fuppofed that all the learned paragraphs in the Aurora were not written by myself. This is true and there is a very good reason for it-they were written by-another perfon. [Gaz U. S.]

Down with the gag law: Away with all oppreflion and reftrain'. Stop a moment, I juft want to choke a few of thefe Ariftocrats, and then you may cry out as much as you please-Oh, if you only want to gag an Ariftocrat, its all well enough. It is your duty to proceed; it is the part of patriotifm to check these fellows. But to fqueeze the wind pipe, or ftop the tonge of a good Republican, even if he is republi-iel Staats, Oliver Beaumont, Andries Wiltcan-too much as Mr. Smilie fays, it's downright tyranny.-ib.

ENOUGH of tributrary praise is paid,
To virtue living, or to merit dead,

To happier themes, the rural Muse invites,
To calmest pleasures, and serene delights;
To us, glad fancy, brightest prospects shows,
Rejoicing nature, all around you glows;
Here late the Savage hid in ambush Jay,
Or roam'd the uncultur'd vallies for his prey;
Here frown'd the forest with terrific shade,
No cultur'd fields expos'd the opening glade ;
How chang'd the scene! See nature cloth'd in
smiles

With joy repays the lab'ror for his toils.
Her hardy gifts, rough industry extends,
The groves bow down, the lofty forest bends;
On every side, the cleaving axes sound,
The oak, and tall beach thunder to the ground.

And see the spires of Marietta rise,
And domes, and temples swell into the skies :
Here Justice reign, and foul dissention cease,
Her walks be pleasant-and her paths be peace.

Here swift Muskingum rolls his rapid waves;
There furmenous vallies, fair Ohio laves,
On its smooth surface, gentle zephyrs play,
The sun beams tremble with a placid ray;
What future harvests on his bosom glide,
And loads of Commerce swell the "downward
tide,"

Where Mississippi joins in length'ning sweep,
And rolls majestic to the atlantic deep.

Along our banks, see distant villas spreadHere waves the corn-and there extends the mead

Here sound the murmurs of the gurgling rills;
There bleat the flocks upon a thousand hills.
Fair opes the lawn-the fertile fields extend,
The kindly shower from smiling Heaven de-
scends,

The skies drop fatness, on the blooming vale,
From spicy shrubs ambrosial sweet exhale,
Fresh fragrance rises from the flowrets bloom,
And ripening vineyards breathe a
glad per-
fume."
Here swells the music of the warbling grove,
And all around is melody and love.

Here may religion fix her blest abodeBright emanation of creative GOD;

Here Charity extend her liberal hand,
And mild benevolence o'er-spread the land,
In harmony the social virtues blend-
Joy, without measure-rapture, without end.

WRITTEN IN THE BLANK LEAF OF A LADY'S
COMMONPLACE BOOK.

HERE is one leaf, reserv'd for me,
From all thy dear memorials free;
And here my simple song might tell
The feelings thou must guess so well :
But could I thus, within thy mind,
One little vacant corner find,
Where no impression yet is seen,
Where no memorial yet has been,
Oh it should be my sweetest care,
To write my name forever there.

Diversity.

GEOGRAPHICAL.

IN the country of the Indians in EaftFlorida, about 75 miles weft of St. Auguftine, there is a green, level plain, above 15 miles over, and 50 in circumference; on which there is fcarcely a tree or a bufh of any kind to be feen. It is encir. cled with high floping hills, covered with waving forefts, and fragrant orange-groves, rifing from an exuberantly fertile foil.

Morfe's Gazetteer.

A HORRIBLE crime was lately com-
mitted in the environs of Vienna. A girl
who had been in fervice in that city, and
had faved 400 florins, fet out from thence
for the purpofe of taking the money home
to her family. In her way fhe stopped at
a public house in a village in order to pass
the night, the mafter and miftrefs of which
were her relations. Having related to her
hoftefs the object of her journey, the lat-
ter formed the diabolical project of mur-
dering her for the purpofe of getting pof-
feffion of the money. In order to execute
this horrid crime with greater facility, fhe
propofed that the girl fhould fleep in her
own chamber in her daughter's bed, and
that the latter fhould remove into a clof-
et, which was affented to.-Before they
retired to refl, however, and in the ab-
fence of the mother, the two coufins had
fome converfation, and at length agreed
that the daughter fhould fleep in her own
bed, and that the other girl fhould fleep
in the clofet, after which they both retired
to their respective beds as agreed upon
between themselves. Soon after midnight
the mother repaired to the bed where the

THERE lived in New-Jerfey, at the period of our revolutionary war, a remarkable dwarf, who, though from twenty to thirty years old, and poffeffing a commen degree of understanding, was only three feet high, and proportionably fmall in oth. er refpects. This manikin was introduced to General Washington, who afked him whether he was a whig or a tory: to which the little gentleman (ftrutting himfelf up) replied, that he had not hitherto taken a very active part on either fide.

A LATE Chinefe Edit, which prohibits the importation of opium into any part of that Empire, goes on to fpecify, "and all other drugs or articles whatJoever, that fhall have been found to pofJefs the fame or fimilar effects; as Ale, Beef, Pudding, Methodist Sermons, Modern Epic Poems, &c."

TERMS OF THE BALANCE.

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