108

Agricultural.

ON THE PRESERVATION OF PEACH TREES.

The following communication was republifhed in the 1st Vol. of the Balance, from the Tranfactions of the American Philofophical Society; but, as it is a Jubject of fome importance to farmers, and as the feafon is approaching in which it ought to be attended to, we can fee no impropriety in again laying it before our readers.

Account of a method of preventing the premature decay of Peach Trees. By J. ELLIS, of N. Jersey.

66

T

HE decay of Peach Trees is owing to a worm which originates from a large fly, that refembles the common wafp. This fly perforates the bark, and deposits an egg in the most fappy part of it; the most common place of perforation is the furface of the earth, probably from an inftinctive effort to avoid the winter froft. This may be ascertained by obfervation, the track of the worm from the feat of the egg being visible at its beginning, and gradually increasing, in correfpondence with the increafing fize of the worm, its courfe is always downwards. The progrefs of the young worm is extremely flow, and it the egg is depofited at any confiderable diftance above the furface of the earth, it is long before the worm reaches the ground. The worms are unable to bear the cold of winter, unless covered by the earth, and all that are above the ground after the frost are killed.

"By the hiftory of the origin, progrefs and nature of the infect, we can explain the effects of my method, wich is as follows:-In the fpring, when the bloffoms are out, clear away the dirt, fo as to expose the root of the tree to the depth of three inches; furround the trees with straw about

3 feet long, applied lengthwife, fo that it may have a covering one inch thick, which extends to the bottom of the hole, the but

"By this procefs the fly is prevented from depofiting its egg within three feet of the root, and although it may place the egg above that distance, the worm travels fo flow that it cannot reach the ground before froft, and therefore is killed before it is able to injure the tree.

"The truth of the principle is proved by the following fact :-I practifed this method with a large number of Peach Trees, and they flourished remarkably, without any appearance of injury from the worm for feveral years, when I was induced to difcontinue the straw with about twenty of them all those which are without the ftraw have declined, while the others which have

had the ftraw continue as vigorous as ev

er.'

It may be proper to mention, that Mr. Ellis tranfmitted to the Society a certificate, figned by thirteen perfons, in confirmation of the above fact.

Monitorial Department.

To aid the cause of virtue and religion.

SHORT LESSONS

Selected from the advice of Isocrates to his young friend and pupil Demonicus; and communicated for the Balance.

66

S to your behaviour, be affable and ealy of accefs, and let your language be courteous and civil.

Let not your vifits be too frequent to the fame perfons, nor your difcourfe too long on the fame fubjects, for there's a fatiety in all things.

Enure yourself to voluntary labour, that you may be the better able to undergo what neceffity fhall lay upon you.

entruffed to you, than you would be faithBe no less exact in keeping the secrets ful in reference to depofits of the greateft

value.

Never reveal your fecrets to any, except it is as much their intereft to keep them as it is yours, that they fhould be kept.

at the bottom-bind this ftraw round the tree with three bands, one near the top, one at the middle, and one at the furface of the earth; then fill up the hole at the root with earth, and preís it clofe round the straw. When the white froft appears, the ftraw fhould be removed, and the tree should remain uncovered until the bloffoms put out in the fpring.

VOL. I.

You may make a trial of friends in the misfortunes which attend life, and by their fharing in your dangers; for as we try gold by the fire, fo we diftinguish our friends by adverfity.

You will discharge yourself beft of duty to your friends, if you do not wait your till they apply to you; but freely, and of your own accord relieve and affift them when occafion requires.

Think it as difhonourable to be outdone by your friends in good offices, as to be overcome and worsted by the malice and evil practices of your enemies.

Speak kindly of your abfent friends, to thofe who are prefent, that they may not think you are unmindful of themselves, when they are abfent.'

Amongst other fingular properties of charcoal, it has lately been difcovered at Peterburgh, that all forts of glafs veffels, and other utenfils, may be purified from long-retained fmells and taints of every kind, in the easiest and most perfect manner, by rinfing them out well with charcoal reduced to a fine powder, after their groffer impurities have been fcoured off with fand and pot-afh.-That perfons, whose breath fmells ftrong from a fcorbuttime get perfectly rid of this bad fmell, by ic difpofition of the gums, may at any rubbing them and washing out the mouth thoroughly with finely-powdered charcoal. This, at the fame time, renders the teeth beautifully white." (Thefe ufes Mr. P. has not mentioned.)

ored) putrid ftinking water may be de"And that brown (or otherwife-coltranfparent, by means of the fame fub prived of its offenfive fmell, and rendered ftance. Hence Mr. CRELL thinks it would be of ufe for preferving water fweet during fea voyages, to mix about five pounds of coarfely-powdered charcoal in every cafk of water; it being only neceffary afterwards to train the water off, when wanted, thro' a linen bag."

publicly deny them. To their charges, || we plead not guilty, in behalf of injured innocence.-We declare pofitively, that Major Ten Broeck is not a delinquent; and that he is not indebted to the public a fingle cent. As to Dayton, we fhall merely point at him the finger of fcorn and conWe fpeak the language of ninetempt. teen twentieths of the citizens of Hudlon, when we declare, that he is undeferving of, and unfit for, any office whatever.

EDWARD TIFFEN, is elected governor of the new ftate of Ohio.

A brig of 150, and a fchooner of 100 tons burthen, were launched at Marietta (Ohio) on the 15th ult. Two other brigs were nearly ready for launching at that time, and the Marietta paper flates that 8 or 10 fail of veffels will probably be built at that place during the coming feafon.

By the Experiment, from Naples and Gibraltar, we learn, that the U. States frigate Chesapeake, Commodore Morris, was at Malaga, on the 26th of January. The frigate Adams was a Gibraltar. The New-York and John Adams had both gone up the Streights in purfuit of the Commodore. The Enterprize, Sterrett, was alfo at Malta. The cruize of the John Adams would be out in April, when fhe was to return to America.

[N. Y. Gaz.]

A very important, and no lefs fingular than important occurrence took place at the Cape of Good Hope, previous to the failing of the fhip Portsmouth, which arrived on the 15th inftant, and it is not a little furprising that it fhould not have tranfpired fooner to the public. We have it upon the very beft authority, that altho' the Dutch government was by capitulation to have had poffeffion of the Cape on the 1ft of January, the British troops had, not withftanding, poffeffion of the place at the time of the Portfmouth's failing.

however, on the night of 3ft December, a veffel arrived with difpatches from England, enjoining it upon general Dundas, if he had not furrendered the place to the Dutch, to retain poffeffion of it. A great buffle immediately took place in the fleet, and early on the morning of the 1ft January, the day when the Dutch troops were to have entered the works, the British forces were feen debarking with all the expedition in their power, and marching with fixed bayonets back again to the fortifications, of which they took poffeffion, and kept out the Dutch. This manovre occafioned, it may be fuppofed, no fmall confternation to the Dutch governor, whofe imprudent procraftination may be attended with the final lofs of the colony to his country.

The circumftances were thefe: The commander of the British forces had propofed that the Dutch governor fhould take poffeffion of the forts and works on the 20th December. As, however, the first day of the New-Year was at hand, the latter prefered poftponing it to that day, expecting probably, that the feftivity of the moment would give an eclat to his new governme it among the people. In the mean time the British troops to the number of 1600 had all embarked, except one company left on fhore as a rear guard and to take care of the works till the Dutch, who were then landing to the number of 2500, fhould march into them. As fate would have it,

receipt there of letters from Algiers, dated January 5, ftating, that that Regency has declared war againft Denmark. It had given orders to the Danish Conful to embark in three days and even threatened to treat him with the utmoft feverity. Citizen Dubois Thanville, Charge d'Affairs of the Republic, having received fpecial orders from the First Conful, to protect all friendly powers against the injuftice and violence of pirates, made known to the Dey, that the Fi: ft Conful had with pain heard of this irregular conduct against a power which had given him no caufe of complaint, and which on the contrary, had lately paid to him a very confiderable fubfidy. This mediation of France feemed to give great difpleafure to the Dey, who even threatened to fend off the French Agent with that of Denmark. Matters, however, feem to have been accommodated. The Danifh Agent has remained; and it is believed the regency will not declare war againft Denmark.

We copy the following foreign articles from the New-York Gazette. Col. Defpard, and accomplices, were tried by a fpecial commiflion at Weftmisfter, found guilty, and fentenced. On Wednesday the 9th of February, Mr. Def. pard was ordered into court, and was fpeedily brought to the bar. The court then announced to the prifoners their conviction, and put the ufual queftion, if they had any cause to fhew why fentence fhould not pafs. Mr. Delpard addreffed a tew words to the court, but in fo low a tone of voice as to be fcarcely audible. Lord Ellenborough then proceeded to addrefs first Mr. Defpard, and afterwards the other prifoners, in a moft folemn, awful, and impreffive manner, on the enormity of their offence, which filled every eye in the Court with tears. His lordship then proceeded to pafs the awful fentence of the law, in cafes of high treafon-which is, hanging, embowelling, quartering, and beheading. The prifoners were then ordered from the bar, and the court broke up. Those bro't in guilty along with Col. Defpard, are John Wood, Thomas Broughton, James Sedgwick Wrattan, Daniel Tyndal, Arthur Graham, and John M'Namara-John Francis, Thomas Newman, and William Lander, guilty, but recommended to mercy.-Thomas Philips and Samuel Smith, not guilty. The jury alfo recommended Col. Defpard to mercy, on account of his former good character, and the fervices he had rendered his country. Lord Ellenborough's charge lafted from three till fix o'clock.

The Wreath.

SELECTED.

LINE S,

On The Birth Day of JAMES THOMSON, Author of the Seasons, &c.

By ROBERT BURNS.

WHILE Virgin SPRING by Eden's food,

Unfolds her tender mantle green,
Or pranks the sod in frolick mood,
Or tunes Eolian strains between :

While SUMMER, with a matron grace,
Retreats to Dryburgh's cooling shade,
Yet oft delighted stops to trace,
The progress of the spiky blade :
While AUTUMN, benefactor kind,
By Tweed, erects his aged head,
And sees with self-approving mind,
Each creature on his bounty fed :

While Maniac WINTER rages o'er

The hills whence classic Yarrow flows, Rousing the torbid torrents roar,

Or sweeping wild a waste of snows ;

So long, sweet Poet of the Year,

Shall bloom that Wreath thou well hast won; While Scotia, with exulting tear, Proclaims that THOMSON was her son.

THE MISER AND HIS SONS.

As a miser of late was approaching his end,
He begg'd his three sons to his will wou'd attend?
First, to Parcus, he said, " My dear son! I per-
ceive,

"That my date is near out, I've a short time to live;

"Two thirds of my wealth then be thine to inherit, "For pleas'd I observe thee possess all my spirit."

Then to Moestus, "Come near me, and mark my bequest;

"As I know you'll not spend it, I leave you the rest."

Here Parcus and Moestus, with counterfeit tears, Wish'd to heaven he still might enjoy it for years, "Worthy sons!" says the Sire, but, Charles, as

"Ungracious' assur'd that thou never wilt alter, "I've left thee a shilling to purchase a halter.”— "Thank you, father," says Charles, “ for my share of your wealth,

"Heaven grant you may live―TO ENJOY IT YOURSELF."

Diversity.

THE CRUELTIES OF BONAPARTE IN SYRIA.

SIR Robert Wilfon in his history of the British expedition in Egypt, relates that Bonaparte, having carried the tour of Jaffa by affault, many of the garrifon were put to the fword; but the greater part flying into the mofques, and imploring mercy from their purfuers, had their lives granted them :-that, three days af terward, Bonaparte, who had expreffed much refentment at the compaffion manitefted by his troops, and was determined to relieve himfelt from the maintenance and care of three thoufand eight hundred prifoners, ordered them to be marched to a rifing ground near Jaffa ; when a divifion of the French infantry formed against them that when the Turks had arrived at the fatal fpot, and the mournful preparations were completed, a fignal gun was fired that vollies of mufquetry and grape inftantly played againt them; and that Bonaparte, who had been beholding the fcene through a telescope, when he faw the fmoke afcending, manifefted his joy and exultation. The hiftorian obferves that the bones of thefe wretched people fill lie in heaps, about a mile from the town of Jaffa, and are fhown to every traveller that arrives. He further affirms

that Bonaparte finding his hofpitals at Jaffa crowded with fick foldiers of his own army, and fearing a peftilence, contrived and caufed to be executed the diabolical project of poisoning them.

For the truth of thefe horrid facts, Sir Robert appeals to the French officers of Bon's divifion, and to the members of the French inftitute at Cairo.

DURING the late war, when draughts were made from the militia, to recruit the continental army, a certain captain gave liberty to the men who were draughted from his company, to make their objections if they had any, against going into

the service. Accordingly one of them who had an impediment in his fpeech, came up to the captain and made his bow. "What is your objection ?" faid the captain." I ca-nt go," anfwers the man, "because I ft-ft-ftutter." "Stutter," fays the Captain," you don't go there to talk, but to fight." "Ay, but they'll p-p-put me upon g-g-guard, and a man may go ha-ha-half a mile, before I can fay wh-wh who there?" goes Oh, that is no ob. jection, for they will place fome other sentry with you, and he can challenge, if you can fire." Well, b-b-but I may be tata-taken and run through the g-g-guts, before I can cry qu-qu-qu-qu-qu-quarter." -His laft plea prevailed, and the captain, out of humanity, (laughing heartily) dif. miffed him.

66

66

Certain coquettes, gaily dreffed, well powdered, and well rouged, being lately at a ball, asked a foreigner prefent, how he liked French beauties. "Ladies, (anfwered he, with great naivete,) I am no judge of painting.'

TERMS OF THE BALANCE.

To City Subscribers, Two Dollars and fifty cents, payable in quarterly advances.

To Country Subscribers, who receive their papers at the office, Two Dollars, payable as above.

To those who receive them by the mail, Two Dollars, exclusive of postage, payable in advance.

A handsome title-page, with an Index or Table of Contents, will be given with the last number

of each volume.

Advertisements inserted in a conspicuous and handsome manner, in the Advertiser which accom.

panies, and circulates as extensively as the Balance.

Complete files of the first volume, which have been reserved in good order for binding, are for sale -Price of the volume, bound, Two Dollars and fif ̧ ty cents-unbound, Two Dollars. The whole may be sent, stitched or in bundles, to any post-office in the state, for 52 cents postage; or to any post-office in the union for 78 cents.

AGENTS FOR THE BALANCE.

IN ADDITION TO THOSE HITHERTO MENTIONED.

J. Simonds, Post Master, Clinton, N. Y.

I. Thomas, jun. Printer, Worcester.
Samuel Colt, Geneva, N. Y.
Mr. Dodd, Printer, Salem, N. Y.

PUBLISHED BY

SAMPSON, CHITTENDEN & CROSWELL, Warren-Street, Hudson.

WHERE PRINTING IN GENERAL IS EXECUTED WITH ELEGANCE AND ACCURACY.