current laser guided weapons kits. The Air Force JTACMS, which has completed system definition, will provide the versatility to accomplish many of the strike missions with different warheads.

To help our tactical aircraft deliver these new weapons more effectively, we are developing advanced sensors to enhance navigation, target acquisition, weapon delivery, and overall survivability. The two pod LANTIRN system is programmed for Air Force F15E and F-16C aircraft. The navigation pod entered production this past year and will permit highly survivable, low level, high speed penetration at night. The targeting pod is completing testing and will enter production with a decision scheduled for May 1986.

The Navy is upgrading the A-6 aircraft with a more reliable avionics digital system with many components standardized across the AV-8B, F/A-18, F-14, and A-6 fleets. To enhance survivability, the new precision attack radar of the A-6 will permit robust operation in an ECM environment as well

as provide resolution and identification of ship targets for first pass attack with standoff weapons. The Navy will also extend the night capability of the AV-8B, A-6, and F/A-18 by developing a combination of night

vision goggles and wide-field-of-view infrared imaging sensors.

The Navy has hardened the WALLEYE data link for effective operation in the high threat environment, as well as deployed the extended range WALLEYE I. The Navy's laser guided SKIPPER has been outfitted to all deployed carrier air wings. Its low cost, moderate standoff capability makes it effective against the smaller, less defended ships and provides a good compliment to the radar guided HARPOON, our long range antiship weapon.

The Navy is also investigating a new strike weapon, as part of its Conventional Strike Weapons Plan, which will have precision guidance, good standoff range and be widely deployed in the fleet. These strike systems are expected to result in much increased launch platform survivability and enable us to operate effectively in the high threat environment.

CONVENTIONAL MUNITIONS

The preceding discussions on the Tactical Warfare mission areas have made numerous references to our initiatives in conventional munitions. This section summarizes our recent increased emphasis on acquiring modern, conventional munitions. Our

During the first half of this decade, we have made considerable progress in increasing the quality and quantity of conventional munitions (Figure IV-11). Each bar shows the sum of gun-launched munitions and missiles expressed in constant FY86 dollars. During the period following the Vietnam drawdown, the munitions accounts were fairly constant. Starting in FY83 there is a significant upward trend in the munitions accounts. Both types of munitions show significant increases in the four year period between FY83 and FY86. The largest percentage increase occurs with missiles.

Current emphasis on conventional munitions is centered on applying the technology of recent advances in electronic components and computer processing into advanced seekers,

1974 1976 1978 1980 1982 1984 1986 Year

Figure IV-11. Munitions Procurement, 1974-1986

sensors, and fuzes. These, coupled with new warhead technologies, form the basis for the DoD thrust in smart munitions. As the DoD Budget demonstrates, we have made a considerable R&D commitment to development of smart munitions such as the Air Force's Sensor Fuzed Weapon (SFW) and the Army's SADARM and Smart Target Activated Fire and Forget (STAFF). These munitions utilize advanced directional fuze concepts and Explosively Formed Penetrator (EFP) warheads. They are not guided munitions and, therefore, are expected to be much less costly than terminally guided munitions. By effectively managing the assignment of the smart munitions to be employed against the

standpoint, it would be highly desirable to replace the existing stockpile of conventional munitions with new modern munitions. This is not affordable since our current investment in the stockpile is in excess of $30B. The affordable solution is to utilize our new modern munitions in such a way as to allow an early transition to the standard stockpile. This solution envisions massive applications of modern munitions during the early days of a conventional conflict. These munitions would be targeted against those enemy targets that pose the greatest threat to the survivability of our delivery systems and maneuver units. By effectively drawing down on these enemy assets, we should be able to transition to employment of the standard stockpile. Figure IV-12 graphically depicts this concept.

The Deputy Secretary directed the formation of the Munitions Council chaired by the USDRE, and we have established the Office of Munitions. The objective in both cases is to focus the munitions efforts of the Military

Figure IV-12. Effective Utilization of Munitions Stockpile

Departments with the near term goal of improving the mix of conventional munitions available to our operational commands. A noteworthy accomplishment of the Munitions Council included a significant increase in the Services' procurement accounts. The majority of these funds were directed toward increased inventories of precision guided munitions such as the HELLFIRE, TOW 2, and Chaparral. In this regard, the Defense Guidance has been amended to better focus on U.S. warfighting capability. The thrust is now one of "Win Early" rather than sustainment alone with our stockpiles.

A recent DSB Task Force, charged with examining the acquisition process for conventional munitions, concluded that the munitions acquisition process can be materially improved and that larger inventories of modern munitions can greatly improve our warfighting

assess

munition producibility throughout development. Also, the fullscale development process should be tailored to the special needs of hightechnology, high-quantity require ments, and better feasibility demonstrations, long-life evolutionary programs with regularized product improvement plans, and more emphasis on competition and producibility. Our technical base, financial and personnel organization, and strengthening. Conventional munitions technical base funding must improved--with particular attention to 6.3A feasibilty demonstration programs.

resources, need

be

As a result of congressional guidance, a coordinated Anti-Armor Munitions Master Plan has been prepared. This plan is updated annually to help us better manage this important class of munitions. It is our intention to develop a number of target oriented master plans under the umbrella of an

overall Conventional Munitions Master Plan. These plans will be used as a means to guide our conventional munitions thrust. The plans will also assist us in articulating this thrust to the Congress.

MOBILITY

Department of Defense mobility capabilities continue to improve to meet our worldwide commitments. The primary mobility mission is to deliver combat and support forces in a timely manner as close as praticable to intended areas of operation and then sustain these forces with resupply. Timely deployments can deter and defend against Soviet bloc aggression in critical theaters such as Southwest Asia, NATO, and Korea. For most potential areas of conflict, the U.S. has the disadvantage, vis-a-vis the bloc, of much greater distances to deliver and resupply forces; this constitutes the driving factor in designing our mobility assets (airlift, sealift, prepositioning, and supporting elements). Soviet airlift and sealift continue to expand for potential operations in more remote theaters. A prime example is the new Condor AN124 transport (sometimes called a "C-5 ski" due to its resemblance) and the continued expansion of Soviet sealift. Table IV-8 compares some current U.S. and Soviet mobility modernization

efforts. Progress continues to be made in quantifying our mobility needs--e.g., the completed Ready Reserve Force / Container-Mod Ship Sizing and DoD Sealift Tanker studies and the ongoing Worldwide Intratheater Mobility, Operational Support Airlift Wartime Requirements, and Material Handling Equipment studies.

In airlift, we are in final phases of procuring additional C-5Bs, KC-10As (which also provide air refueling capability), and Civil Reserve Air Fleet enhancement. The cornerstone of our airlift modernization effort is the C-17A.

Full-Scale engineering development was approved in 1985, extensive wind tunnel testing of scale models, full-scale ground tests of the turbofan engine, and comprehensive loading and compatiblity demonstrations with Army equipment/personnel have been conducted. First flight is scheduled in FY 1990 with initial operational capability planned for FY 1992. The C17A, while while providing the final increment in achieving our long-term intertheater airlift goal, will also have the flexibility to augment the C-130 tactical airlift fleet, providing a firstever intratheater outsize capability.