Defcribed by that famous Tufcane penne:
For that had might to change the hearts of men
Fro love to hate,-] Rinaldo in purfuit after the
fair Angelica came to the foreft of Ardenne,
where he found the inchanted fountain made.
by the magical art of Merlin for Sir Triftam
de Leonois, who was in love with Ifotta: had
Sir Triftam (fays the poet) drank of this foun-
tain, he had been cured of his love: but the
fates ordained it otherwise. The fountain how-
ever ftill preserved its virtues; for whoever
drank of it his love was turned to averfion.
See Boyardo, or Berni, Orl. Innam. L. i. C. 3.
St. 36. and Orl. Innam. L. ii. C. 15. St. 28.
Soon after another fountain is mentioned of
different effect, La riviera dell' amore, L. i. C. 3.
St. 42. Hence Ariofto, who writes the fecond
part of this Romance, mentions thefe two
fountains of Ardenne, with their different ef-
fects, Orl. Fur. i. St. 78.

E quefto hanno caufato due fontane
Che di diverfo effetto hanno liquore,
Ambe in Ardenna; e non fono lontane.
D'amorofo difio l' una empie il core;
Chi bee de l' altra, fenza amor rimane,
E volge tutto in ghiaccio il primo ardore.

The knight of Difdain carries Rinaldo to the fountain of averfion, to drink away his love, Canto xlii. St. 60.

IV.

This fententious reflection our poet introduces in other places.

Sir Guyon grudging not so much his might,
As thofe unknightly raylinges which he spoke,

B. ii. C. 6. St. 30,

7.

St. 49.

Words Sharpely wound, but greatest griefe of fcorning
growes.
B. vi. C.
Ξίφος τιτρώσκει σῶμα, τὸν δὲ νῦν ὕβρις.
Enfis vulnerat corpus, animum verò contumelia.
Patior facile injuriam, fi eft vacua à contumelia.

And for the teflimony' of truth haft borne
Univerfal reproach; far worfe to bear
Than violence.

VIII.

Pacuvius.

Milton, vi. 34.

IX,

On whom remounting fiercely forth he rode,
Like fparke of fire that from the andvile glode,
There where he faw the valiant Triamond
Chafing, and laying on them heavy lode,
That none his force were able to withstond;] Glode is
the Anglo-S. præterit from glidan, to glide,
or pafs fwiftly. Spenfer feems to have Chaucer
in view, in the rhime of Sir Thopas, 3410.
where the fame image occurs.

His gode courfer he hath beftrode,
And forth upon his waie he rode,
As fparke out of the bronde.

Chaucer uses this word in the Squire's Tale. 413.

The vapor, which that fro the earthe GLODE,
Makith the funne to feme ruddy and brode.
Glade, i. e. did glide.

XXX,

Whether through foundring-] i. e. through fkittishness tripping and falling. See Junius in Foundred horfe. He had Chaucer plainly in view, in the Knightes Tale, 2689. For which his horfe for fere began to turn And lepe afide, and foundrid as he lepe. Hence I explain Shakefp. King Henry VIII. fpeaking of Wolfey, All his tricks founder. The metaphor being taken from a skittish horse falling or foundring.

XXXII.

But all in vaine; for what might one do more? They have him taken captive, though it grieve him fore.] This is imitated from Chaucer in the Knightes Tale, 2650.

But all for nought; he was brought to the flake; His hardy herte might him ne helpin nought. Compare B. v. C. 3. St. 9.

XXXVIII.

By fhivered fpeares, and fwordes all under ftrowen, By fcattered fhields, was eafie to be showen.] Two words feem here to have gotten out of their proper places. But none of the books authorize my alteration,

By fhivered fpeares, by fwordes all under firowen,
And fcattered fields, was eafte to be fshowen.
Ibid.

There might ye fee looft fleedes at random ronne.] This figure of making the reader a spectator of the action of the poem, is frequent amongst our best poets.

There fee men who can just and who can ride.
Ch. Knightes Tale, 2606.
Then might ye fee

Cowls, hoods, and habits, with their wearers toft--
Milt. iii. 489.

Migrantes cernas, Virg. iv. 401. See Homer, II. . 539.-Several paffages in this tilt and tournament are imitated from the Knighte's tale in Chaucer; where Palamon and Arcite engage in different parties for the fair Emily.

St. 44.

CAN T O

TO V.

IV.

For Chian folke to pourtrait beauties queene,

On Acidalian mount

i. e. on a mount near the brook Acidalus, where the Graces ufed to refort. See Servius and the Commentators on Virgil, i. 724. Matris Acidaliae.

Qualis Acidaliis Cytherea vagatur in hortis. Pontanus. pag. 387. Vofne in Acidaliis aluit Venus aurea campis ? Politian. de Violis. Vofne ab Acidalio mifit Amor nemore?

Scaliger. Epigr. pag. 134. Compare B. vi. C. 10. St. 8.-My old quarto edition reads Acidalian, and another of the fame date Aridalian, which blunder runs through the folio editions. So likewife in St. 6. That goodly belt was Ceftus; the old quarto which I print from has this reading; another of the fame date, and printed at the fame time, Ceftas. I suppose these alterations were made while the fheets were working off.I have no occafion to dwell on a fubject fo well known from Homer, as the Ceftus of Venus. The reader at his leifure may compare Taflo's defcription of the inchanted girdle of Armida.

VI.

Into the Martian field adowne defcended.--] Should it not be Martial field? 4. e. into the field where this joufting was, properly called Martial or warlike: or does he keep the word Martian, and allude to the Martius Campus, a field fituate between Rome and Tiber, and confecrated to Mars?

XI. As diverfe wits affected diverfe beene.] Chaucer in the Squier's Tale, 223. tranflates, Quot capita, tot fententiae, as follows,

As many hedes, as many wittes ther bene.
XII.

ne be that thought

Si Venerem Cois nunquam pofuiffet Apelles,
Merfa fub aquoreis illa lateret aquis.
Ov. Amat. L. iii. 401,

Spenfer alludes to this story in his Sonnet which he fent to the Ladies of the Court with his Fairy Queen.

The Chian painter, when he was requird,
To pourtrait Venus in her perfect hew,
To make his work more abfolute, defird

Of all the fairest maides to have the view. The Chian painter, or rather Coan, was Apelles. Chios and Coos are both Islands in the Archipelago, and frequently used one for the other, perhaps through mistake. I could give many inftances where Chios and Coos are thus confounded: but as this is foreign to our purpose, let us hear rather what the learned traveller

Sandys fays in his defcription of Coos, pag. 90. In this temple [of Hippocrates] ftood that rare picture of Venus, naked, as if newly rifing from the fea, made by Apelles, who 6 was also this countryman: after removed unto Rome by Octavius Cæfar, and dedicated 6 unto Julius; he being reputed the mother of their family. It is faid, that at his drawing thereof, he affembled together the most beautiful women of the ifland, comprehending in that his one worke their divided perfecti⚫ons.' Concerning this famous ftatue of Venus Avadvouén, See Burman on Ovid. Amat. L. iii. ver. 224. And Pliny Nat. Hift. L. xxxv. C. 10. pag. 696. edit. Hard.

XIV.

Among the leer flarres---] Inter minora fidera. Hor. Epod. xv.

XV.

Unto the vulgar for good gold infted.] For good gold, had been fufficient; infled is a pleonafm: but fuch redundancies both of adverbs and prepofitions are no unusual thing among all writers of all ages. See B. iii. C. 5. St. 22. Hence appears Dr. Bentley's unneceffary alteration of Milton, iii. 20. up to reafcend: because, fays he, up is fuperfluous. But he feems to have forgotten

gotten thofe Latin expreffions, rurfus redire: rurfus revocare: prius ante, in Virgil, iv. 24. And in Greek πάλιν αὖθις. with many more of like nature. XVII.

But it would not on none of them abide, BUT when they thought it fast, eftfoones it was untide.] Here feems the ufual errour: perhaps he gave it

FOR when they thought it faft, eftfoones it was untide. XVIII.

To fhame us all with this ungirt, unbleft.] Dr. Hyde thinks that this English faw, ungirt, unbleft, alluded to the facred zone of the Perfian priefts; and to the zone and girdle which in their religious ceremonies they gave their youth of both fexes: this facred zone if they ever laid afide, they forfeited the benefits of the benediction: difcineli non benedicti.

XXI.

Triamond his one.] his only. So the quarto and folios; but in Hughes his own. XXVI.

And to the queene of beauty clofe did call.] i. e. fecretly. Prayed in fecret to Venus.

XXIX.

To feek her lov'd.] Her beloved Arthegal. So all the editions excepting that of Hughes; where 'tis printed, her love.

XXX.

That Stryfeful bag.] See B. iv. C. 1. St. 47.

XXXIII.

That feemed fome blacksmith dwelt in that defert ground] Black Smith, See note on B. iii. C. 1. St. 14. This whole defcription is happily circumftanced with many picturefque images. XXXVII.

He like a monstrous gyant feemd in fight, Farre paffing Bronteus or Pyracmon great---] He like a monstrous gyant, Tinwp ator, as Vulcan is called in Homer Il. d. 410. and methinks. his fervants should rather be compared to the Cyclopes,

He like a monstrous gyant feem'd in fight: They paffing Bronteus or Pyracmon great→ He and his fix fervants point out the feven days of the week, revolving round in perpetual labour and trouble: they have no ears to hear, St. 38. and reft not night nor day. There are many paffages in this epifode imi

tated from Homer, Iliad. xviii. where Thetis vifits Vulcan. and from Virg. Æn. viii. 415, &c.

XXXVIII.

Thefe Penfifeneffe did move; and Sighes the bellows were.] i. e. the name of that old Blacksmith's bellows were named Sighes. So the paffage is to be interpreted left the continued allegory be loft in the reality. So above in Stanza

XXXV.

But to Small purpose yron wedges made,

Toje be unquiet thoughts that careful minds invade. i. e. the name of thofe yron wedges, which old Care made, were called unquiet thoughts.

XL.

oft chaunging fides and oft new place electing.] This feems taken from that well-known defcription of the restlefs Achilles, in Homer II. . 5, and 10. To which Juvenal alludes, Et patitur noctem Pelidae flentis amicum. XLIII.

The things that day most minds at night doe most appeare.] That day most minds, i. e. that day causes us moft to mind.

Rex, quae in vitâ ufurpant homines, cogitant, curant, vident,

Quaeque aiunt vigilantes, agitantque, ea fi cui in
Somno accidunt,
Minus mirum fit.

Ennius apud Cic. Divin. i. 22. Fit enim ferè at cogitationes fermonefque noftri pariant aliquid in fomno tale, quale de Homero fcribit Ennius, de quo videlicet faepiffime vigilans folebat cogitare et loqui. Cic. Somn. Scip.

XLVI.

Unto his lofty fleede he clombe anone.] This is Chaucers expreffion in the rhime of Sir Thopas, 33°5.

Into his faddle he clombe anone.

He ufes it likewife above, in B. iii. C. 4. St. 61. He up arofe,-and clombe unto his fleed.

Ibid.

But here my wearie teeme-] Metaphors of this fort are frequent. So Virg. G. ii. 542.

Et jam tempus equum fumantia folvere colla. Drayton's Polyolb. pag. 13.

Here I'll unyoke awhile, and turne my fleedes to meat; The land growes large and wide; my team begins to fweat.

C AN TO

But Scudamore now woxen inly glad

HER thus befpake-] The folio reads He; which

So forely be her frooke, that thence IT glaunft
Adowne her backe, the which it fairely bleft
From foule mifchance—] See note on B. i.
C. 2. St. 19. IT agrees with the fubftantive
included in the verb. Homer has the very
fame conftruction, fairely bleft from foule mifchance,
See explained in a note on B. i. Č. 2. St. 18.
XVI.

Ah! cruell hand-] The fame kind of apoftrophe Ariofto makes, Canto xlv. 80. where Ruggiero and Bradamante are described fighting together.

XVII.

What yron courage-] What iron heart. cor ferreum, æreum. angelov Top, Hom. II. w. 305. χάλκεον ήτορ, Hom. Il. 6. 490.

XXIII.

Or wreake on him-] Or to wreake, &c. See note on B. i. C. 1. St. 50.

XXIV.

And turning his feare to faint devotion-] The folios omit his.

VOL. II.

the context; but I believe Spenfer wrote, HIM thus befpake-Obferve the conduct and decorum of the poet : Scudamore finds out himSelf the falfe foundation of his jealous fear;

therefore better fatisfied than if Glauce had difcovered it to him.