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-Eft illic agreftis [a hag] imagine Phoebus, Utque modo accipitris [a faulcon] pennas, modo terga leonis [a lyon]

Gefferit.

Phoebus was named, Nóos, as the reader may fee in Spanheim's notes on Callimachus, pag. 76, 77. And Pindar calls Apollo Aygía NóMov. Pyth. Od. ix. agreftis imagine, like a hag. So that bag from "Aygos is no farfetch'd etymology. If this will not explain, and defend the received reading, there is an ingenious emendation offered by the author of the remarks on Spenfer,

Now like a stag, now like a faulcon flitt. Natalis Comes. iv. 10. fays of Apollo, Fertur bic deus in varias formas ob amores fuiffe mutatus, in leonem, in cervum, in accipitrem.

XL.

Erigone, had certainly no criminal converfation with Saturn; but if ever this righteous dame was caught tripping, it was with the young and beautiful Bacchus. See Hygin. Mythol. C. 130. And Ov. Met. vi. 125.

Liber ut Erigonen falfa deceperit uvâ. Now 'tis no unufual thing in hafty tranfcribing, or printing, for words to get out of their proper places: See then with what little variation the whole is reduced to proper place and order: Next Saturne was: but who would ever weene That fulleine Saturne ever weend to love? Yet love is fullein, and Saturn-like feene, As he did once for Phillira it prove, That to a centaure did himselfe transmove. So prov'd it eke that gratious god of wine, When for to compass Erigones hard love, He turnd himselfe into a fruitfull vine, And into her faire bofome made his grapes decline.

Next unto him was Neptune pictured,] Neptune's Erigone, is to be pronounced as of three fyllables.

amours are mentioned in Ov. Met. vi. 115, &c. Bifaltis, means the daughter of Bifaltus, viz. Theophane. See Hygin. Myth. C. 188.The daughter of Deucalion was Melantho. He fays likewife that Neptune turned himfelf into a winged horfe (i. e. he took a fhip and fail'd to the place where Medusa lived: for a winged horfe, mythologically, means a fhip) and in the temple of Minerva he debauched Medufa,

Hanc Pelagi rector templo vitiaffe Minervae
Dicitur.

XLV.

More eath to number with how many eyes
High heven beholdes fad lovers nightly theeveryes.]
The expreffions are pretty and elegant, but bor-
rowed. The theeveryes of lovers, furtivos amores.
Aut quàm fidera multa, cum tacet nox,
Furtivos hominum vident amores.

Catull. p. 17. Edit. Voff.
Et per quanti occhi il ciel le furtive opre
Ov. Met. iv. 797. De gli amatori à mezza notte fcopre.
Arioft. Orl. Fur. xiv. 99.
Vorria celarla à i tanti occhi del cielo.

XLIII.
Next Saturne was; but who would ever weene,
That fullein Saturne ever weend to love?

Yet love is fullein, and Saturnlike feene,
As he did for ERIGONE it prove,

That to a centaure did himselfe tranfmove.
So proov'd it eke that gratious god of wine,
When for to compaffe PHILLIRAS hard love,
He turnd himselfe into a fruitfull vine,
And into her faire bofome made his grapes decline.
Here are two fair ladies got out of their proper
places; for Saturn loved Philyra, daughter of
Oceanus, and being caught in his intrigues by
his jealous wife Ops or Rhea, he turned himself
into a horse: from this intrigue was born Chi-
ron, the moft juft of mankind. See Apollonius,
L. 2. ver. 1236. And the Schol. on Apoll.
L. i. 554. Virg. G. iii. 93. Ovid, Met. vi.
127. Hygin. Mythol. C. 138. Whatever va-
riation there may be in the leffer circumftances,
yet all agree in this one, namely that Philyra
was the mistress of Sullein Saturn. And fo like-
wife do the poets and mythologists agree that

Taffo, xii. 22.

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haps is expreffed from Petrarch del Triompho d' Amore,

Sopra gli homeri havea fol due grand' ali

Di color mille

So Euripides in Hippol. ver. 1270. gives Cupid
the fame epithet, ToxióTegos. But let us fiift
fettle the context before we show our poet's
imitations. It will be allowed me, at the first
mentioning, that Spenfer never wrote, Iris
BRIGHT, heven BRIGHT: for here our printer
has erred his ufual errour of repeating the fame
word twice. A very eafy reading occurs,
through beven's hight. But I don't know whether
'twill be granted me, that our poet wrote bends
inftead of preds: Iris fpreads her bow is not poe-
tically expreffed, nor keeping up to the meta-
phor: but he BENDS her variously coloured bow
[difcolourd, i. e. diverfis coloribus. Virg, iv. 701.]
through the height of the heavens. Wifd. v. 21.
ὡς ἀπὸ ἐυκύκλο τόξο τῶν νεφῶν, as from the well bent
bow of the clouds: Vulgate, à bene curvato arcu nu-
bium.

Utque fuos arcus per nubila CIRCINAT Iris.
Manil. i. 711.

The jolly peacocke fpreads not halfe fo faire
The eyed feathers of his pompous traine;
Nor golden Iris fo BENDS in the aire
Her twentie colourd bow, through clouds of raine.

Fairfax, xvi. 24.

Ne'l SUPERBO PAVON si vago in moftro
Spiega la pompa de l'occhiute piume:
Nè'l Iride si bella indora, e inoftra
Il curvo grembo, e rugiadofo al lume.

Taffo xvi. 24.

Not halfe fo many fundry colours arre
In Iris bowe; ne heaven doth fhine fo bright,
Diftinguished with many a twinkling farre;
Nor Juno's bird in her eye-fpotted traine
So many goodly colours doth containe.

Spenfer's Muiopotmos.

Non tales volucris pandit Junonia pennas:
Nec fic innumeros arcu mutante colores
Incipiens redimitur hyems, cum tramite flexo
Semita difcretis interviret humida nimbis.

I formerly took notice of Spenfer's introducing
Italian words and brought this paffage, tran-
flated from Taffo, as an inftance, proud PAVO-
NE, fuperbo PAVONE.
XLIX.

And underneath his feet was written thus,
UNTO THE VICTOR OF THE GODS THIS BEE.]
In this infcription Cupid is called VICTOR OF
THE GODS. Thus Euripides in Andromeda,
ΤΥΡΑΝΝΟΣ ΘΕΩΝ. and Ovid. Εpift. iv. 12.
Regnat, et in dominos jus habet ille deos.
Let me here correct Anacreon, Barnes' Edit.
pag. 202.

Εις Ερωτα.

Οδε και θεῶν δυνάσης,

Οδε καὶ βροτὲς δαμάζει.

But invert the order, leaft we fink into the very bathos of poetry, too low for even this mock Anacreon to defcend, and read,

δε και βρότες δαμάζει Οδε και θεῶν δυνάσης. -Superas hominefque deofque.

Öv. Amor. L. i. ii. 37. The Love that Plato characterizes with the

titles of ΜΕΓΑΣ ΘΕΟΣ. ΠΡΩΤΙΣΤΟΣ ΘΕΩΝ. is of

a more philofophical nature than this vulgar
Love, whom Spenfer is now painting to us.
But this Vulgar Love reigns univerfal victor,
and thus he is emblematically figured, viz.
ftanding on a globe, in Gorlæus' gemms, 568,
569. And in Spanheim's treatife of coins, pag.
228. Cupid rides on a Dolphin, with a flower
in his hand, alluding to his power over land
and feas. This coin, as Spanheim obferves, is
an excellent comment on the following epi-
gram, as the epigram is on the coin.
Εις Έρωτα γυμνόν.

Γυμνὸς Ἔρως διὰ τῦτο γελᾷ καὶ μέιλιχός ἐσιν·
8 γὰρ ἔχει τόξον καὶ πυρόεια βέλη.
δε μάτην παλάμαις κατέχει δελφίνα καὶ ἄνθος·
τῇ μὲν γὰρ γαῖαν, τῇ δὲ θάλαβαν ἔχει.

Antholog. pag. 332. Nudus Amor ea de caufa ridet ac blandus eft; non enim arcum habet et ardentes fagittas: neque fruftra manibus delphinum cohibet ac florem: illo enim terClaud. de rapt. Proferp. ii. 97. ram, hoc mare tenet. So Spanheim: but I under

Not Juno's bird, when, bis fair train difpred,
He wooes the female to his painted bed:
No, not the bow, which fo adorns the skies,
So glorious is, or boafts fo many dies.

And winges it had with fondry colours dight;
More fondry colours then the proud Pavone
Beares in his boafted fan, or Iris bright,

Waller.

ftand it differently; r μiv, alterâ manu, i. e. in one hand he holds [a flower, fignifying his power over] the earth; d, altera manu, i. e. with the other hand he manages [a dolphin, fignifying his power over] the feas. x means to have power and rule, as well as to hold; and in this double fignification fome part of the

When her difcolourd bow he bends through heaven's beauty of the Epigram confifts. Let me add

height.

Jovianus Pontanus,

Die

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A mortal bow and arrowes keene did bold-
Some headed with fad lead, fome with pure gold.
Compare Chaucer, Rom. of the Rofe, 918.
where the bowes of Cupid are described with
his arrows of different effects. See likewise the
Affemble of Foules 211.

Under a tre befide a well I feye

Cupide our lord his arrowes forge and file:
And at his feete his bowe all redie laye :

And well his daughter [viz. Plefaunce, whom Cupid had by Pfyche, See Spenfer, B. iii. C. 6. St. 50. and Apuleius,] temprid all the while the heddis in the well.

AN

CA A

III.

NT O

ND forth iffewed, as on the readie flore Of fome theatre a grave perfonage] readie belongs to grave perfonage, ready in his part and character. Spenfer loves this conftruction: so above, B. iii. C. 11. St. 55. Yet nould fhe doff her weary arme.-and in a hundred other paffagesThis Mafk of Cupid our poet, I believe, wrote in his younger days with the title of Pageants, i. e. an emblematical and fhowy reprefentation of fictitious perfons; and with proper alterations he work'd it into this his greater poem. See the note of E. K. on his 6th Eclogue.

IV.

By lively actions he gan bewray

XII.

tives, fo prettily imaged in Ovid, Amor. L. i.
ii. 31.

Blanditiae comites tibi erunt, ERRORque, FU-
RORque.

Errori, Sogni, et Imagini Smorte,
Eran d' intorno al carro triomphale,
Et Falfe Opinioni in fu le porte-

Petr. de Triomph. d'Amore Cap. iv.
The provincial and Italian poets, from Petrarch
down to Spenfer, abound with conceits rais'd on
thefe kinds of Profopopoeia: fee the Rom. of
the Rofe fee likewife the Affemble of Foules,
where Cupid and his rabble rout are painted.
Tho' I was ware of Plefance anon right,
And of Arraie, Luft, Beaute [read, Bounte, for

Some argument of matter paffioned.] Hence Milton, Beautie is mentioned just after] and Curtefie,

ix. 669.

and in act

Rais'd, as of fome great matter to begin.

And of Craft

Then faw I Beautie with a nice attire,
And Youth all full of game and jollite,
Fool-bardine Je, Flatterie, and Defire

The fame kind of maskers are mentioned in
Chaucer's Court of Love,

The king had Daunger nere to him ftanding
The queen of Love Difdain
An officer of high auctorite,
Yclepid Rigour.

But obferve the various imaginary persons, and the order of their proceffion, in manner of a MASK, which Masks were very frequent in our poet's age: we have feveral of these kind of poems now remaining; fome by B. Jonfon: but by far the best of all this kind, that ever I believe were written, is the well-known Mask of Milton. The Maskers marching forth are, Eafe, Fancy, Defire, Doubt, Daunger, Fear, Hope, Diffemblance, Sufpect, Grief, Fury, Difpleasure, Plefaunce: these march before the cruel-treated Amoret, and the winged God: then the rear is brought up by Reproach, Dependance, Shame, with a confufed rabble rout of other maskers. I make no doubt but Spenfer, as well as Petrarch, had in view the triumphal chariot of Cupid with his cap- And fleeves dependant Albanese wide.] Sleeves is of

And presently after are mentioned Attendance, Diligence, Afperance, Displeasure, Hope, Defpaire, &c.

VI.

Perhaps from hence Shakespeare in K. John,
-Shrill trompets lowd did bray.] Bęáxs.
Act iii. fays, braying trumpets.
U:

two

two fyllables: fo winges, St. 23.- Ital. Albanefe, i. e. fuch as the people of Albania wear.

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Which first it opened; nothing did remayne.] So the Ift quarto: which I have altered from the 2d quarto, and the following editions. is a ftrange mistake; and fhows that the copy was fent blotted and interlin'd to the printer. XXIX. Then when the Second watch was almoft paft.] Secundâ ferè vigilia exaclâ. XXX.

But lo! they freight were vanisht all and fome.] This is Chaucer's expreffion: many of which our poet borrows: fome of these we take notice of, leaving others to the reader's finding out for himself: it means one and all, every one. Now herknith, quoth the Miller, all and fome.

Miller's tale. 28.

For this, trowe I, ye knowin al and fome.

Troil. and Cress. i. 240. 'Tis used by Chaucer in other places, and by G. Douglass. And Fairfax xiii. 2. But flow they came, difpleafed all and fome. XXXI

And all perforce to make her him to love. Ah! who can love the worker of HER Smart? Spenfer loves to introduce general sentences; γνώμαι. το γνωμικόν. I believe therefore that he wrote,

Ah! who can love the worker of their smart? This error, of repeating fome word from the line above, or just below, has been frequently mentioned in these notes.

XXXIII.

And turning to the next bis fell intent. ] So the
Ift quarto: the 2d and Folio, herself.
XXXIV.

Dernly unto HIM called to abftaine

From doing him to dy.] fo the two old quartos, very plainly wrong: we fhould correct from the Folios of 1609.

Dernly unto her called→

Here is another inftance of the ufual error of viz. Britomart.

VOL. II.

4 E

XXXV.

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He bound that pittecus lady prifoner now releaft] One of these words, namely, lady or prifoner, was, I believe, canceled in the original copy; but fo faintly, perhaps, that the hafty printer overlook'd it; fo that I leave it to the reader to judge whether he will read,

He bound that pitteous lady now releaft, Or,

He bound that pitteous prifoner now releast.

XLII.
Returning back thofe goodly rowmes, which erft
She faw fo rich and royally arayd,

Now vanifht utterly-] Inchanted palaces, like castles in the air, are built and vanish in a moment. So vanifht the inchanted palace and gardens of Armida, in Taffo.-The palace and gardens of Dragontina, by the virtuous ring of Angelica, Orlando Innam. L. i. C. 14.The caftle of Atlante, Orl. Furios iv. 38. xxii. 23.

E fi fciolfe il palazzo in fumo e in nebbia.

XLIV.

But more fair Amorett-] It should have been printed moft.

WHEN Spenser printed his firft three books of the Fairy Queen, the two lovers, Sir Scudamore and Amoret, have a happy meeting: but afterwards when he printed the ivth, vth, and vith books, he reprinted likewife the three first books, and among other alterations, of the leffer kind, he left out the five laft ftanzas, and made three new ftanzas, viz. XLIII. XLIV. XLV.

More eafie iffew now, &c.'

By thefe alterations this iiid book, not only connects better with the ivth, but the reader is kept in that fufpenfe, which is neceffary in a well told story. The ftanzas which are mentioned above, as omitted in the 2d quarto edition, and printed in the 1st edition, are the following:

XLIII.

At laft fhe came unto the place, where late She left Sir Scudamour in great diftreffe, Twixt dolour and defpight half defperate, Of his loues fuccour, of his owne redreffe, And of the hardie Britomarts fucceffe: There on the cold earth him now thrown the

found,

In wilfull anguifh, and dead heavineffe,
And to him cald; whofe voices knowen found
Soone as he heard, himself he reared light from
ground.
XLIV.

There did he fee, that moft on earth him ioyd,
His dearest loue, the comfort of his dayes,
Whofe too long abfence him had fore annoyd,
And wearied his life with dull delayes:
Straight he upstarted from the loathed layes,
And to her ran with hafty eagerneffe,
Like as a deare, that greedily embayes
In the cool foile, after long thirftinefle,
Which he in chace endured hath, now nigh
breathleffe.

XLV.

Lightly he clipt her twixt his armes twaine,
And ftreightly did embrace her body bright,
Her body, late the prifon of fad paine,
Now the fweet lodge of loue and dear delight:
But the faire lady, overcommon quight
Of huge affection, did in pleasure melt,
And in fweet ravifhment pourd out her fpright.
No word they fpake, nor earthly thing they
felt,

But like two fenceless stocks in long embrace-
ments dwelt.
XLVI.
Had ye them feene, ye would have furely thought
That they had been that faire Hermaphrodite,
Which that rich Roman of white marble

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