Not wandering poor, but trusting all his wealth Divided, till his rescued gain their shore: To guide them in their journey, and remove From Hamath northward to the desert south; Behind them, while the obdurate king pursues : (Things by their names I call, though yet un- All night he will pursue; but his approach nam'd ;) Darkness defends between till morning watch; From Hermon east to the great western sea; Then through the fiery pillar, and the cloud, Mount Hermon, yonder sea; each place behold God looking forth will trouble all his host, In prospect, as I point them; on the shore And craze their chariot-wheels: when by comMount Carmel; here, the double-founted stream, Moses once more his potent rod extends (mand Jordan, true limit eastward ; but his sons Over the sea; the sea his rod obeys; Shall dwell to Senir, that long ridge of hills. On their embattled ranks the waves return, This ponder, that all nations of the Earth And overwhelm their war: the race elect Shall in his seed be blessed : by that seed Safe towards Canaan from the shore advance Is meant thy great Deliverer, who shall bruise Through the wild desert, not the readiest way; The serpent's head; whereof to thee anon Lest, entering on the Canaanite alarm'd, Plainlier shall be reveald. This patriarch blest, War terrify them inexpert, and fear Whom faithful Abraham due time shall call, Return them back to Egypt, choosing rather A son, and of his son a grand-child, leaves; Inglorious life with servitudes for life Like him in faith, in wisdom, and renown: To noble and ighoble is more sweet The grand-child, with twelve sons increas'd, Untraind in arms, where rashness leads not on. From Canaan, to a land hereafter callid (departs This also shall they gain by their delay Egypt, divided by the river Nile; In the wide wilderness; there they shall found See where it flows, disgorging at seven mouths Their government, and their great senate choose Into the sea : to sojourn in that land Through the twelve tribes, to rule by laws orHe comes, invited by a younger son dain'd: In time of dearth; a son, whose worthy deeds God from the mount of Sinai, whose gray top Raise him to be the second in that realm Shall tremble, he descending, will himself Of Pharaoh : there he dies, and leaves his race In thunder, lightning, and loud trumpets' sound, Growing into a nation; and, now grown, Ordain them laws; part, such as appertain Suspected to a sequent king, who seeks To civil justice; part, religi rites To stop their overgrowth, as inmate guests Of sacrifice; informing them, by types Too numerous ; whence of guests he makes them and shadows, of that destin'd Seed to bruise slaves The serpent, by what means he shall achieve Inhospitably, and kills their infant males: Mankind's deliverance. But the voice of God Till by two brethren (these two brethren call To mortal ear is dreadful: they beseech Moses and Aaron) sent from God to claim That Moses might report to them his will, His people from enthralment, they return And terrour cease; he grants what they. beWith glory, and spoil, back to their promis'd Instructed that to God is no access, (sought, But first, the lawless tyrant, who denies [land. Without mediator, wbose high office now To know their God, or message to regard, Moses in figure bears; to introduce Must be compellid by signs and judgments dire; One greater, of whose day he shall foretel, To blood unshed the rivers must be turn'd; And all the prophets in their age the times Frogs, lice, and fies, must all bis palace fill Of great Messiah shall sing. Thus, laws and With loath'd intrusion, and fill all the land; Establish'd, such delight hath God in men (rights His cattle must of rot and murren die ; Obedient to his will, that he rouchsafes Botches and blains must all his flesh emboss, Among them to set up his tabernacle; And all his people; thunder mix'd with hail, The Holy One with mortal men to dwell : Hail mix'd with fire, must rend the Egyptian by his prescript a sanctuary is fram'd sky, (rolls; Of cedar, overlaid with gold; therein And wheel on the Earth, devouring where it An ark, and in the ark his testimony, What it devours not, herb, or fruit, or grain, The records of his corenant; over these A darksome cloud of locusts swarming down A mercy-seat of gold, between the wings Must eat, and on the ground leave nothing green; Of two bright cherubím; before him bura Darkness must overshadow all his bounds, Seven lamps as in a zodiac representing Palpable darkness, and blot out three days; The heavenly fires; over the tent a cloud Last, with one midnight-stroke, all the first-born Shall rest by day, a fiery gleam by night; Of Egypt must lie dead. Thus with ten wounds Save when they journey, and at length they The river-dragon tam'd at length submits Conducted by his angel, to the land (come, To let his sojourners depart, and oft Promis'd to Abraham and his seed :-the rest Humbles his stubborn heart; but still, as ice Were long to tell; how many battles fought;, More harden'd after thaw ; till, in his rage How many kings destroy'd; and kingdoms won; Pursuing whom he late dismiss'd, the sea Or how the Sun shall in mid Heaven stand still Swallows him with his host ; but them lets pass, A day entire, and night's due course adjourn, As on dry land, between two crystal walls; Man's voice commanding, * Sun, in Gibeoa Aw'd by the rod of Moses so to stand stand, And thou, Moon, in the vale of Aialon, cern Just Abraham and his seed: now first I find Mine eyes true-opening, and my heart much eas'd; | Erewhile perplex'd with thoughts, what would To whom thus Michael. "Doubt not but that man; Just for unjust; that in such righteousness And his next son, for wealth and wisdom fam'd, The power of the Most High: he shall ascend He ceas'd, discerning Adam with such joy Surcharg'd, as had like grief been dew'd in tears, Without the vent of words; which these he breath'd. "O prophet of glad tidings, finisher Son Of God Most High; so God with man unites. To whom thus Michael. "Dream not of their 1 Disabled, not to give thee thy death's wound: n thee, and in thy seed: nor can this be I But by fulfilling that which thou didst want, For this he shall live hated, be blasphem'd, Seiz'd on by force, judg'd, and to death condemn'd A shameful and accurs'd, nail'd to the cross His death for man, as many as offer'd life Defeating Sin and Death, his two main arms; Or theirs whom he redeems; a death, like sleep, come, When this world's dissolution shall be ripe, With glory and power to judge both quick and dead; To judge the unfaithful dead, but to reward So spake the arch-angel Michaël; then paus'd, As at the world's great period; and our sire, Replete with joy and wonder, thus replied. "O Goodness infinite, Goodness immense! That all this good of evil shall produce, And evil turn to good; more wonderful Than that which by creation first brought forth Light out of darkness! Full of doubt I stand, Whether I should repent me now of sin By me done, and occasion'd; or rejoice [spring; Much more, that much more good thereof shall To God more glory, more good-will to men Fr God, and over wrath grace shall abound. But say, if our Deliverer up to Heaven Must re-ascend, what will betide the few His faithful, left among the unfaithful herd, The enemies of truth? Who then shall guide His people, who defend? Will they not deal Worse with his followers than with him they dealt?" "Be sure they will," said the angel; “but from Heaven He to his own a Comforter will send, 'Their ministry perform'd, and race well run, Their doctrine and their story written left, They die; but in their room, as they forewarn, Wolves shall succeed for teachers, grievous wolves, Who all the sacred mysteries of Heaven names, Places, and titles, and with these to join 6 On every conscience; laws which none shall find The woman's Seed; obscurely then foretold, He ended; and thus Adam last replied. "How soon hath thy prediction, seer blest, Measur'd this transient world, the race of time, Till time stand fix'd? Beyond is all abyss, Eternity, whose end no eye can reach. Greatly instructed I shall hence depart; Greatly in peace of thought; and have my fill Of knowledge what this vessel can contain ; Beyond which was my folly to aspire. Henceforth I learn, that to obey is best, And love with fear the only God; to walk As in his presence; ever to observe His providence; and on him sole depend, Merciful over all his works, with good Still overcoming evil, and by small [weak Accomplishing great things, by things deem'd Subverting worldly strong, and worldly wise By simply meek: that suffering for truth's sake Is fortitude to highest victory, And, to the faithful, death, the gate of life; Taught this by his example, whom I now Acknowledge my Redeemer ever blest." To whom thus also the angel last replied. "This having learn'd, thou hast attain'd the sum | Let us descend now therefore from this top Of wisdom; hope no higher, though all the stars Thou knew'st by name, and all the ethereal powers, All secrets of the deep, all Nature's works, VOL. VII. 1 Is to stay here; without thee here to stay, I carry hence; though all by me is lost, So spake our mother Eve; and Adam heard Well pleas'd, but answer'd not: for now, too nigh 2 The arch-angel stood; and from the other hill slow, Through Eden took their solitary way. soon; The world was all before them, where to choose Their place of rest, and Providence their guide: They, hand in hand, with wandering steps and APPENDIX ΤΟ PARADISE LOST. CONTAINING PLANS OF SIMILAR SUBJECTS, INTENDED FOR TRAGEDIES BY MILTON FROM HIS OWN MS, IN TRINITY COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE. In the library of Trinity College, Cambridge, is a thin folio manuscript, marked, in the year 1799, when I was obligingly permitted by the master and fellows of that society to examine it, Miscell. R. iii. 4. It is handsomely bound; and to the inside of one of the covers is pasted a paper with this inscription: Membra hæc eruditissimi et pænè divine Poetæ olim miserè disjecta et passim sparsa, postea verò fortuitò inventa, et in unum denuo collecta à CAROLO MASON ejusdem Collegii Socio, et inter Miscellanea reposita, deinceps eâ quâ decuit religione servari voluit THOMAS CLARKE', nuperrimmè hujusce Collegii, nunc verò Medii Templi Londini, Socius, 1736. These papers were found by Dr. Mason, abovementioned, who was also Woodwardian professor at Cambridge, among other old and neglected manuscripts belonging to sir Henry Newton Puckering, a considerable benefactor to the library. They contain two draughts of a letter to a friend, who had importuned Milton to take orders; the following plans of Paradise Lost in the form of a tragedy, or mystery; the plans or subjects of several other intended tragedies, all in the poet's own hand; and entire copies of many of his smaller poems, in the same hand, except in a few instances, exhibiting his first thoughts and subsequent corrections. All these variations, Mr. Warton has observed, have been imperfectly and incorrectly printed by Dr. Birch. Various readings of this MS. have been also admitted into Dr. Newton's edition of all Milton's poetical works; as have such, which relate to the respective pieces, and which have been more minutely investigated, in Mr. Warton's two editions of Milton's smaller poems. Upon a careful examination of this manuscript, I have discovered a few peculiarities, or variations of expression, which have escaped the notice of those who have preceded me in describing this literary curiosity; and which will be found in their proper places. For I have added, at the end of each particular poem, as of Lycidas, Arcades, and Comus; and at the end of each series of poems, as of Sonnets, Odes, and Miscellanies; the several various readings respectively belonging to them. In this arrangement I hope to gratify the reader: who, after reading the finished poem, may then trace without interruption, (to use the language of Dr. Johnson respecting the imperfect rudiments of Paradise Lost,) the gradual growth and expansion of great works in their seminal state; and observe how they are sometimes suddenly advanced by accidental hints, and sometimes slowly improved by steady meditation. For this reason also I have placed the dramatic plans of Paradise Lost at the conclusion of the poet's sublimer" heroic song;" and have subjoined, to the tragedy of Samson Agonistes, the plans of Milton's other intended dramas. Of the tragedy or mystery there are two plans. THE PERSONS. Afterwards master of the Rolls, and knight. * Mr. Warton says that sir Henry "had so great an affection for this college, in which he had been educated, that in his eightieth year he desired to be readmitted: and, residing there a whole summer, presented to the new library, just then finished, his own collection of books, amounting to near four thousand volumes. He was son of sir Adam Newton, tutor to prince Henry; and many papers written by that prince, or relating to him, are involved in the collection. Sir Henry took the name of Puckering in remembrance of his uncle sir Thomas Puckering of Warwickshire, a learned and accomplished man, brother in law to sir Adam Newton, son of lord keeper Puckering, a companion of the studies of prince Henry. Many of the books were presents to the prince from authors or editors. In Dr. Duport's Hore subseciva, a poem is addressed to this preserver of Milton's manuscripts, Ad D. Henricum Puckeringum, alias Newtonum, Equitum baronettum. Cantabr. 1676. 8vo. pp. 222, 223. This sir Henry had a son, pupil to Dr. Duport at Trinity College, but who died before his father." TODD. THE PERSONS. Michael, Heavenly Love, Lucifer. } Moses. Divine Justice, Mercie, Wisdom, Heavenly Love. Death. Labour, Discontent, Faith. Hope. Hesperus, the evening. starre. Lucifer. Adam. Eve. Mutes. Conscience. Labour, Discontent, Fear, Death; Faith. Hope. Charity. Paradise Lost. Mates, THE PERSONS. Moses poλoys, recounting how he assumed his true bodie; that it corrupts not, because of his [abode] with God in the mount: declares the like of Enoch and Eliah; besides the puritie of the place, that certain pure winds, dews, and clouds, præserve it from corruption; whence exhorts to the sight of God; tells they cannot see Adam in the state of innocence by reason of thire sin, |