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THE SMUGGLER OF FOLKSTONE. proceeded in numbers to various points of the coast, and worked their vessels and carried the cargoes into the interior.

A TALE OF TRUTH AND FICTION. BY EDWARD PORTWINE.

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The marine town of Folkstone is remarkable for its singular construction, and its neighbourhood is replete with picturesque and romantic scenery. Its fertile valleys and lofty hills, clothed in all the luxuriance of nature; its rich soil, loaded with corn, fruits, and flowers, present a strong contrast to the town, built on the side of a steep hill, and running abruptly to the shores of the British Channel. Folkstone, at the termination of the late war, was a dull and miserable fishing-port, with its harbour choked with marine deposit, to the hindrance of commerce. It seemed to lie

prostrate before her more fortunate and powerful neighbour, Dover. This cele

brated town is about six miles from Folkstone, then famous for two branches of industry, which were the only sources of revenue to its singular inhabitants, namely, smuggling and fishing.

But science, in its rapid course, has tended to improve the condition of mankind. It has populated regions and increased the productiveness of the earth; it has brought country nearer to country, and increased the general sum of human happi

ness.

In every part of the civilised world science has progressed, and the works now constructing present to the world a phe nomenon without paraliel. It may have desolated some districts, but it has benefited others by increasing commerce and adding to general prosperity.

The town of Folkstone is one of the places which has received aid from the resistless power of steam, at a time when all hope had departed with the suppression of smuggling and the failure of her fisheries. Science steps in, and this port is now prosperous and imposing. The former features of this town are fast fading from the recollection; and her plains and vallies resound with locomotives rushing to and fro. The peninsular war-a struggle which deprived England of her dearest blood, a war commenced in favour of an ancient family of France, and marked by murder and rapinewas fiercely raging at the commencement of this tale. This struggle required the whole of our navy to protect the coast from invasion and our commerce from destruction. Few ships or men, therefore, could be spared by government to prevent a violation of the revenue_laws, so smuggling was carried on to a large extent in open defiance of the officers employed to prevent it. Organised bands met secretly,

The shores of France being within twenty-six miles, induced many of the inhabitants to embark in a course of life which promised competence. Some were others from inebriety, but the greater numforced into the illegal traffic from necessity, ber for profit. From the Lizard to the mouth of the Thames, before the conclusion of the war in 1815, the contraband traffic had been most prosperous and profitable to those engaged in it. The tradesman, the labourer, and the unemployed, ventured their lives and liberties in the hours of

darkness; and the opulent committed a breach of the law by purchasing the silks, brandy, Hollands, and other articles thus obtained, and by permitting such goods to be secreted on their grounds or premises.

Who were the most guilty? the nobles and commoners who indirectly induced a violation of those laws they had enacted, or the poor, the humble, and the starving?

CHAPTER 11.-THE CHERRY GARDENS. About a mile on the north of the town of Folkstone, and within the bosom of a lofty hill, reposes in silent beauty an earthly paradise, containing all that is lovely and luxuriant in nature; fruit-trees bending their loaded branches to the earth, and flowers that impregnated the atmosphere with a thousand perfumes. This place is called the Cherry Gardens, where fruits and flowers, thirty years since, were in high perfection.

These gardens are protected by high hills on the north, and on the south, east, and west is stretched out at their feet a noble plain, whose boundary is the cliffs which overhang the channel.

Within these extensive gardens were seats, bowers, and lawns, with bowlinggreens; and a house of entertainment, where every delicacy could be obtained, from champagne to strawberries and cream. On Sundays this prolific region swarmed with young and old desirous of enjoyment. The rich, the poor, the intellectual, and the ignorant, the squire and the peasant, seemed all determined to enjoy themselves. The peer acknowledged "equality once a week," and considered it no indignity to bestow his attentions on the fair but humble daughters of this beautiful district.

In the autumn of 1813, on a warm Sunday evening, the towns and villages adjacent poured forth their hundreds of the gay and happy. The hardy fisherman and his "love" from Folkstone; the thriving tradesman and his family from the marine village of Ludgate; the substantial baron

of the ancient cinque-port of Hythe, mixing with the inhabitants of the rural districts repaired to the cool bosom of this mountain. At the foot of the mountain, three persons were perceived in earnest conver

saton.

One of them, a handsome, tall young man, with a free and open countenance, was dressed in all the fashion of the day-a bule coat designed his muscular frame, while a pair of corduroy breeches and topboots showed off to advantage his athletic and well-proportioned leg; round his neck he wore a green handkerchief, fastened at the front with a diamond pin. This was the young man whose lively conversation, and keen piercing glance, had caused so many hearts to palpitate and thrill with joy as each girl whispered to her companion the name of James Waldron.

One of his companions was dressed as a sea man. He was fresh coloured, about twentysix, with features indicating experience on the deep. Captain William Sarson was a British sailor-hardy, generous, and reckless of danger. His services were dedicated to his country, and his heart had been long in the possession of Affery Jeffery, a young lady resident in Folkstone.

The third was a fashionable dandy of that period-a rich descendant of a long line of drapers of the good port, who presented an excellent appearance by the aid of his tailor.

These three individuals were as opposite in disposition as imagination could conceive, and yet these opposites were necessary to each other's pleasures. Waldron esteemed Sarson for his manly bearing and fearlessness of character, and Hamish was proud to be called the friend of both.

"I tell you,” cried Waldron," that Barnard is my enemy, and I shall not forget the cause."

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"Squire Barnard your enemy? Impossible!" responded Hamish. "It was only last Sunday, when seated in the northern summer-house, he praised you, and spoke warmly of your manly conduct."

"Indeed! And who was present when I was so honoured?"

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Affery Jeffery, Margaret Cumlin, Jane Gittens, myself, and Margaret's father, and we all felt the young 'squire had spoken the truth."

"All?" asked Waldron, anxiously. 66 'Yes, all."

"And Margaret."

"Why," continued Hamish, "she said little, and appeared to receive the attentions of Barnard with reserve. But what is the cause of the animosity between you and the heir of ten thousand acres?"

"Let us move on, and reserve our friend's disclosures on this subject," cried Sarson.

The friends walked onwards, and as they

left the fields, the noise of horses' hoofs, treading rapidly on the flinty road, sounded in the ears of the young men.

(To be continued.)

STATUES FOR THE NEW HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT.

The antiquary who may live five hundred or a thousand years hence, may be not a little puzzled to decide what caused the individuals to be selected, whose effigies adorn what will then be called the ancient pile at Westminster. To him and to those who may take their turn of life at an earlier date, the following information will prove of value, drawn as it is from authentic sources.

The fourth report of the Commissioners of Fine Arts, made in April last, and but recently published, describes the course they had taken in consequence of a letter addressed to them by Sir Robert Peel respecting public monuments to eminent men; and in consequence of subsequent delibera tions they recommend that six insulated marble statues be in St Stephen's Porch and sixteen in St. Stephen's Hall. They do not take upon themselves to name the subjects, but they say-" We are at once prepared to recommend that statues of Marlborough and Nelson be placed in St. Stephen's porch; and that statues of Selden, Hampden, lord Falkland, lord Clarendon, lord Somers, Sir Robert Walpole, lord Chatham, lord Mansfield, Burke, Fox, Pitt, and Grattan, be placed in St. Stephen's Hall; and further, that W. C. Marshall, J. Bell, and J. H. Foley, whose works in the last exhibition in Westminster Hall were considered to be entitled to especial commendation, be at once commissioned to prepare models for three of the aforesaid statues, viz., the statues of Hampden, lord Falkland, and lord Clarendon," and "that £2,000 be granted on account towards the payment of such works."

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The subject was referred to a committee, who produced the following report:Your committee appointed to prepare a general list of distinguished persons of the united kingdom to whose memories statues might with propriety be erected in or adjoining the new Houses of Parliament, such list being unrestricted as to the number of such distinguished persons, and as to the time in which they lived,” have the honour to submit two lists; the first (A), of names to which they agreed unanimously; the second (B), of names on which your committee were not unanimous, but decided by greater or smaller majorities. The aggregate of these two lists consists of 121 names, which may probably afford scope, not for indiscriminate adoption, but

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Report of Committee respecting the selection of persons whose effigies might be placed in the niches of the House of Lords.

The selection of the statues for the eighteen niches in the House of Lords, which has now been referred to your committee, does not appear to them altogether so free and with so wide a scope as the selection of the ninety-six figures on painted glass upon which they have lately reported. In this case the very narrow size of the niches, and their Gothic form, seen to limit the choice of the commission to characters drawn from the feudal age, and, as usual with effigies of that period, presenting little or no variety of attitude. On a careful consideration of the characters which might be chosen, subject to this condition, your committee have become convinced that no scheme is preferable to that which was first suggested to the commission by his royal highness prince Albert-namely, to fill the niches with the effigies of the principal barons who signed Magna Charta. Your committee subjoin a list of the names which they would recommend for this purpose. They conceive that the difference of character as laymen, or as prelates, would afford a picturesque variety of at tire, and that the historical analogy would be most suitably attained by placing side by side in the same house of the legislature, in windows or in niches, the successive holders of sovereign power, and the first founders of constitutional freedom:Stephen Langley, archbishop of Canterbury; William, bishop of London; Almeric, master of Knights Templars; William, earl of Salisbury; William, earl of Pembroke; Waryn, earl of Warren; William, earl of Arundel; Hubert de Burgh, earl of Kent: Richard, earl of Clare; William, earl of Aumerle; Geoffrey, earl of Gloucester; Saher, earl of Winchester; Henry, earl of Hereford; Roger, earl of Norfolk; Roert, earl of Oxford; Robert Fitzwalter, Eustace de Vesci, William de Mowbray.

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T. B. MACAULAY SAMUEL ROGERS ROBERT HARRY INGLIS THOMAS WYSE. B. HAWES, JUN. Whitehall, May 15, 1845.

The following letter from Mr. Hallam on the considerations which influenced the commissioners, will throw additional light on the subject:

My dear sir,-In compliance with the request of his royal highness and the other members of the commission, at our meeting yesterday, I will state the grounds on which the committee appointed to select persons whose effigies might be placed in the eighteen niches of the new House of Lords, having first determined that men prominent in obtaining the Great Charter

of John shall be chosen, have come to a resolution of recommending the particular names which have been submitted to the commission. In the text of Magna Charta, inserted in Matthew Paris, the king recites himself to have granted it by the advice of Stephen Langton, archbishop of Canterbury; the archbishop of Dublin; seven English bishops; the master of the Knights Templars in England; with sixteen barons, five of whom had the rank of earls, though only four are mentioned by this author, who has also committed one or two other slight inaccuracies. Roger de Wendover, whose chronicle, lately published by the English Historical Society, is almost wholly copied by Matthew Paris, omits altogether this recital of names in his text of the charter. But in this instance he is certainly wrong, as appears by the incontestable evidence of the charter itself, of which, as is well known, several copies exist. There can, therefore, be no doubt that the personages above mentioned were concerned, in a prominent manner, in the enactment of that great and celebrated law. But, while it would have been easy to recommend for the eighteen niches in the House of Lords the effigies of the archbishop, and some other ecclesiastics, with those sixteen barons whom we find recited in the charter, we were checked by the consideration that these, as appears by a preceding passage of Matthew Paris, were all on the king's side in the previous contest, and that it would be a very inadequate commemoration of that event to omit those nobles of England who had in reality the chief share in bringing it about. It is indeed true, that those who had adhered most steadily to king John united with the rest at last to press upon him the necessity of compliance with the demand of a charter of liberties; so that it may be said to have been granted on the unanimous requisition of the baronage; but this affords only a reason for selecting names indiscriminately from both parties, considering them as in fact combined for the purpose of obtaining a legal guarantee for their liberties. It became, consequently, the duty of the committee to look over the history of the time, in order to fix upon eighteen persons who, out of a more considerable number, appeared most worthy of being commemorated on this occasion. The archbishop of Canterbury, Stephen Langton, independently of his high rank, was, as is well known, one of the most distinguished statesmen of that age, and a strenuous sup porter of the charter, though without quitting the royal banner. The next in station among the prelates is the archbishop of Dublin; but, as he did not hold an English see, it seemed more desirable to select William, bishop of London, whose

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see is next in dignity among those who
were present, and whose name may be
found in history. Almeric, master of the
Knights Templars in England, was the re-
presentative of a renowed and powerful
order; and his effigy would furnish some
variety of costume. Five earls are recited
on the king's side, those of Pembroke, a
very eminent man, of Salisbury, of Warren,
of Arundel, and lastly, Hubert de Burgh of
Kent, afterwards Justiciary of England.
On the side of the barons we find seven
earls, those of Clare, Aumerle, Gloucester,
Winchester, Hereford, Norfolk, and Ox-
ford. Three uames remained to complete
the number of eighteen. No doubt could
be felt as to that of Robert Fitzwalter,
whom the barons had placed at their head
in conducting this enterprise. Eustace de
Vesci bore a considerable part on the same
side, and has some name in history. One
only remained; and among many noble, but
scarcely very historical persons, none ap
peared more eligible than William de
Mowbray, ancestor of the duke of Norfolk,
the oldest peer, and that in the three ranks
of duke, earl, and baron, in the existing
House of Lords. William de Mowbray is
also ancestor, not only of the various noble
families which bear the surname of Ho-
ward, but of that of Berkeley. Such, I ap-
prehend, are the reasons which have in-
duced the committee, as they have myself,
to recommend the eighteen names, of which
you possess a list, to be commemorated as
having borne a share in obtaining the great
charter of John.

I am, my dear sir, very truly yours,
HENRY HALLAM.

C. L. Eastlake, Esq.

the lake it presents a high wall rising from
the water, and surmounted with two slo-
ping gable roofs; on the land side you see
four pyramidal towers, and over all rises
a rectangular turret with a sharply pointed
roof, tipped with conductors, to preserve
the stores from lightning, as the castle is
now used as a powder magazine for the
Pays de Vaud. To the left, rise very rich
woods, which cling even to the summits of
the steep limestone rocks, that form the
walls of the great basin of the lake. Be-
yond, a little to the right, are seen the
tapering spire of Villeneuve, the mouths of
the Rhone, and the entrance to the fertile
though narrow country of the Valais, be-
tween which and the castle are many pretty
buildings scattered here and there along
the edge of the lake, like so many nests of
love in the beautiful groves that surround
them. These have much the appearance of
those sweet little retreats which the sinuous
shores of Windermere afford; and re-
mind one when due allowance is made for
the change of climate, the style of the ar-
chitecture, and the greater proportions of
the scenery, of those delicious nooks where
Brathay, Clappergate, Dove's-nest, and
Low-wood, have claimed dominion over the
fancy of the stranger. The entrance to the
castle of Chillon is by a strong drawbridge,
upon which are erected guard-rooms for
the soldiers of the canton, who keep con-
stant guard, in their neat uniforms of blue
and grey. Passing this bridge, you enter,
through a lofty gateway, a small court, on
the right of which is a covered space used
for fuel, where there is a spring of sweet
clear water flowing through a brass gun
barrel, as is common in various parts of
Switzerland (the barrel being sometimes
passed through a tree). Opposite to the
entrance you see the inhabited part of this

VISIT TO CHILLON ON THE LAKE massy pile, the inmates of which seem

OF GENEVA.

BY THE REV. W. B. CLARKE.

Leaving the beautiful village of Montreux, a sudden turn in the road, which is bordered next the lake by chesnut and walnut-trees, and on the other hand by the verdant walls of the Dent de Jaman, brought us in sight of the castle of Chillon, standing, as Rousseau says, "Sur un rocher qui forme une presqu'île, et autour duquel j'ai vu sonder à plus de cent cinquante brasses, qui font près de huit cents pieds, sans trouver le fond. C'est là que fut detenu six ans prisonnier François Bonnivard, prieur de St. Victor, homme d'un mérite rare, d'une droiture et d'une fermeté à toute épreuve, ami de la liberté quoique Savoyard, et tolérant quoique prêtre."(Nouvelle Heloise.)

The appearance of the castle from the Vevay side is particularly neat. Towards

to

have a great antipathy to the use of gardening tools, as the grass grows to a tolerable height on the two stone steps which lead to the huge black door of this incarcerating mansion. Close to this door, to the left of it as you advance down three steps, rather more free from weeds (owing to the constant wear of English feet), you enter a doorway, which seems to offer access to an old potato house or cellar. The janitor is an ancient dame, short as to one leg, and long as to the rest of her body, with a face furrowed like the hills about her, and as stormy in appearance as the passes of the Gemmi. One may easily imagine, without any great stretch of the inventive faculties, that, if the tenderer part of the domestics of this hospitable place, in the nineteenth century, bears such a prepossessing appearance, poor Bonnivard had no very pleasant sojourn here. This dear Dulcinea jingling her

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