Then he took orders, was

through Germany and Holland. Professor of Greek at Cambridge, next also of geometry at Gresham College; and after that Lucasian Mathematical Lecturer at Cambridge until 1669, when he gave place to his friend, Isaac Newton. In 1672 the king made him Master of Trinity; and he was Vice-Chancellor of the university when he died, in 1677, aged forty-seven. He wrote mathematical works, and sermons full of sense and piety. A collected edition of Isaac Barrow's English works was published by Archbishop Tillotson, in four volumes folio, in 1683-87.

9. John Tillotson was born in the same year as Barrow (1630), son of a clothier at Sowerby, near Halifax. He went as a Nonconformist to Clare Hall, Cambridge, and began life as a private tutor and curate to Dr. Wilkins, at St. Lawrence Jewry. He made himself agreeable to authority, both after the Restoration and after the Revolution; rose in the church, upholding simple acceptance of the ruling powers; and was made Archbishop of Canterbury in 1691, after the suspension of Sancroft. He died in 1694, and left to his widow unpublished sermons that fetched twenty-five hundred guineas. Yet Tillotson was not, like Leighton, a man of genius, capable of deep thought and grand expression.

10. Robert Leighton (b. 1613, d. 1684) was the son of a man who in the reign of Charles I. had his nose slit and his ears cut, and was whipped from Newgate to Tyburn for offending Government with two books called "Zion's Plea against the Prelacy" and "The Looking-Glass of the Holy War." Robert Leighton was a Scottish divine, thoughtful as well as eloquent. He came to London to resign the bishopric of Dunblane, vexed by contention with the Presbyterians, and was sent back Archbishop of Glasgow. But he could endure the strife against Episcopalians in Scotland only for another year, resigned, withdrew to Sussex, and died in London in 1684. His sermons, published in 1692, are those of the greatest preacher in the Episcopal Church of the later Stuart period.

11. William Beveridge (b. 1638, d. 1708), educated at Cambridge, was a Hebrew scholar at eighteen, and published at the age of twenty, in Latin, a Syriac grammar and treatise

on the excellence and usefulness of Oriental languages. He has left a hundred and fifty published sermons, besides theological tracts. He became chaplain to William III. at the Revolution, but was not made a bishop till Queen Anne's reign.

12. Samuel Parker was a worldly defender of the Church against Nonconformity. He was born in 1640, the son of one of Cromwell's committee-men, and a strict Puritan until the Restoration, when he had been a year at Oxford. In 1665, at the age of twenty-five, he became one of the Fellows of the Royal Society, and carried experimental science into theology with a book in Latin of" Physico-Theological Essays concerning God"-"Tentamina Physico-Theologica de Deo "--which got him the post of chaplain to Archbishop Sheldon, who also made him Archdeacon of Canterbury. In 1670 he published "A Discourse of Ecclesiastical Polity, wherein the Authority of the Civil Magistrate over the Consciences of Subjects in Matters of External Religion is Asserted;" and in 1672 he wrote a preface to a posthumous work of Archbishop Bramhall's, "A Vindication of Bishop John Bramhall from the Fanatic Charge of Popery." This brought down on Samuel Parker's head the satire of Andrew Marvell. Parker was made Bishop of Oxford by James II., and died in 1688.

13. Of the seven bishops who were thrown into the Tower by James II., one, Thomas Ken, has a place in literature. He was born in 1637, the son of an attorney. His mother died when he was four years old, and his home was then at the haberdasher's shop in Fleet Street kept by Izaak Walton; for his half-sister, who took charge of him, was Izaak Walton's second wife. Ken was seven when Izaak Walton retired from business; and his home was then in Walton's cottage by the banks of the Dove, in Staffordshire. He was sent, at thirteen, to Winchester College. In 1656 he went to Oxford, and joined a musical society formed there; for, like his sister, Mrs. Walton, Ken had a delightful voice, and he played on the lute, viol, and organ. As a student also, Ken began an epic poem on Edmund, the East Anglian king martyred by the Danes. He became M.A. in 1664, and chaplain to Lord Maynard, with the rectory of Easton Parva, just outside Lord Maynard's

park, in Essex. Then he became domestic chaplain to George Morley, Bishop of Winchester. Then he obtained a fellowship of Winchester College, and lived in the Wykehamist house. The Bishop of Winchester gave him, in 1667, the living of Brixton, in the Isle of Wight; and it was in the Isle of Wight, as Rector of Brixton, that Ken wrote his " Morning and Evening Hymns," using them himself, and singing them to his lute when he rose and when he went to rest. In 1669 the Bishop of Winchester gave Ken other promotion, and he left the Isle of Wight. In 1675 he visited Rome with his nephew, young Izaak Walton. In 1681 he published his "Manual of Prayers for the Scholars of Winchester College." In 1683, Ken went as chaplain-in-chief of the fleet sent to Tangier, and in October, 1684, he was at the deathbed of his friend George Morley, whose writings had been collected in 1683 as "Several Treatises written upon Several Occasions, by the Right Reverend Father in God, George, Lord Bishop of Winton, both before and since the King's Restauration : wherein his judgment is fully made known concerning the Church of Rome, and most of those Doctrines which are controverted betwixt her and the Church of England." Thomas Ken then became chaplain to Charles II., and was made Bishop of Bath and Wells not many days before the king's death. Ken published a "Manual of Prayer," "Seraphical Meditations," and a poem called "Hymnotheo; or, the Penitent;" but his fame rests on the "Morning and Evening Hymns," and on his place among the Seven Bishops. Upon the Revolution, Ken refused to transfer to William the oaths he had sworn to James, and was accordingly deprived," with some four hundred other clergymen, including the Archbishop of Canterbury, and six bishops. Bishop Ken was then housed by an old college friend, Lord Weymouth, who gave him a suite of rooms in his mansion of Longleate, in Wiltshire. Lord Weymouth also paid him an annuity of eighty pounds a year. From Longleate he paid occasional visits to friends, went abroad at first on his old white horse, and, when that was worn out, on foot, preaching, and collecting subscriptions for distressed non-jurors and their families. At Longleate House he died, in March, 1711.

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14. Among the non-jurors was William Sherlock, a divine then high in repute, born in 1641, educated at Eton and Peterhouse, Cambridge; in 1669 Rector of St. George's, Botolph Lane, and Prebendary of St. Paul's; then Master of the Temple, an active preacher and writer against the Roman Catholics. At the time of his deprivation, Sherlock published, in 1689, the most popular of his books, "Practical Discourse concerning Death." His deprivation was soon followed by his acceptance of the established authority in 1691, when he was restored to his office of Master of the Temple, and made Dean of St. Paul's. In 1692 appeared his "Practical Discourse concerning a Future Judgment;" and he was involved in a long and bitter controversy upon the Trinity, with Robert South, a learned, zealous, and good-natured divine. Sherlock died in 1707.

15. Robert South was born in 1633, and educated at Westminster and Oxford. Upon the Restoration, he was made orator of the university, and chaplain to Lord Clarendon; in 1670 he became canon of Christchurch, and in 1678 rector of Islip. He was distinguished for his wit, even in the pulpit. Eleven volumes of his sermons have been published. Edward Stillingfleet (b. 1635, d. 1699) became Fellow of St. John's College, Cambridge, and at the Revolution was made Bishop of Worcester. He published, besides sermons and visitationcharges, treatises on theology, church history, and church government. Thomas Tenison (b. 1636, d. 1715) became Fellow of Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, in 1662; was made Bishop of Lincoln in 1691, and Archbishop of Canterbury in 1694. He published a treatise against Hobbes, a work on Idolatry, some writings of Francis Bacon and of Sir Thomas Browne, and several sermons.