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Boyd, Alan S., Secretary, Department of Transportation.

Case, Hon. Clifford P., a U.S. Senator from the State of New Jersey:

Letter dated March 7, 1967-

Charpie, Robert A., president, Electronics Division, Union Carbide Corp.

Chodosh, Dr. Stewart M., battery manager, Leesona Moos Laboratories,

Division of Leesona Corp., Great Neck, N. Y.

Cohen, Wilbur J., Under Secretary, Department of Health, Education, and
Welfare: Letter dated March 14, 1967. _

Coston, Dean W., Deputy Under Secretary, Department of Health, Edu-

cation, and Welfare, accompanied by Dr. John Middleton, Director,

National Center for Air Pollution Control; Arthur Stern, Assistant Di-

rector, National Center for Air Pollution Control; and Dr. John T.

Grupenhoff, Special Assistant to Assistant Secretary for Legislation,

HEW

de Hoffmann, Dr. Frederick, vice president, General Dynamics Corp., and
president, General Atomic Division, San Diego, Calif

Dieckamp, H., chairman, Technical Committee on Electric Power Sys-
tems, American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics___

Dunlop, Robert G., chairman, board of directors, American Petroleum

Institute, Washington, D.C.-

Eisenberg, M., president, Electrochimica Corp., Menlo Park, Calif.:
Letter dated March 17, 1967__

Ellis, Clyde T., general manager, National Rural Electric Cooperative
Association: Letter dated March 13, 1967_.

Ference, Michael, Jr., vice president, scientific research, Ford Motor Co.-
Frain, George, Washington, D.C.: Letter dated March 13, 1967---
Grant, Eric P., executive officer, California Motor Vehicle Pollution Con-
trol Board: Letter dated March 22, 1967.

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Graves, Melvin, general manager, Alsat Industries, Detroit, Mich.: Letter
dated March 11, 1967...

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Heyman, Horace, Overseas Services, Ltd., Whickham, Newcastle Upon
Tyne, England..

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McCarthy, Hon. Richard D., a Representative in Congress from the State
of New York.

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McCombe, R. S., Chicken, Alaska: Letter dated March 11, 1967,-
McIlnay, J. A., vice president, Electric Storage Battery Co., accompanied
by Dr. D. T. Ferrell, Jr., and J. F. Norberg..

Macy, John W., Jr., Chairman, U.S. Civil Service Commission: Letter
dated April 7, 1967.

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151

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Packer, Dr. Leo S., Assistant Postmaster General, Bureau of Research
and Engineering, U.S. Post Office Department..

483

Pell, Hon. Claiborne, a U.S. Senator from the State of Rhode Island...
Radin, Alex, general manager, American Public Power Association, ac-
companied by Lawrence Hobart, assistant general manager.

Resor, Stanley R., Secretary of the Army, Department of Defense: Letter

dated March 17, 1967...

Rosen, Dr. Frank L., chairman, Air Pollution Committee, Essex County,

N.J., Medical Society, Maplewood, N.J.: Letter dated February 14,

1967.

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White, Lee C., Chairman, Federal Power Commission.

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Williams, Charles J., secretary-treasurer, Williams Engine Co., Inc.,
Ambler, Pa.: Letter dated May 13, 1967.

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Wouk, Dr. Victor. general manager, Electronic Energy Conversion Corp.,
a subsidiary of Gulton Industries, Inc.--..

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ORGANIZATIONS AND DEPARTMENTS

Alden Self-Transit Corp..

Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Co., Milwaukee, Wis..

Alsat Industries, Detroit, Mich...

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Essex County, N.J., Medical Society, Maplewood, N.J.

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ELECTRIC VEHICLES AND OTHER ALTERNATIVES TO THE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

TUESDAY, MARCH 14, 1967

U.S. SENATE,

COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE AND THE
SUBCOMMITTEE ON AIR AND WATER POLLUTION

OF THE SENATE PUBLIC WORKS COMMITTEE,

Washington, D.C. The joint committee met at 9:48 a.m. in room 5110, New Senate Office Building, the Honorable Warren G. Magnuson and Edmund S. Muskie, cochairmen, presiding.

Cochairman MAGNUSON. The committees will come to order.

This morning the Committee on Commerce and the Air and Water Pollution Subcommittee of the Public Works Committee open hearings on S. 451 and S. 453, bills to promote the development of electric vehicles and other nonpolluting alternatives to the internal combustion engine. Yesterday the committees sponsored a display of 10 electricpowered vehicles here at the New Senate Office Building. This morning's hearing is the first of several meetings.

A great many witnesses are scheduled, and I do not wish to anticipate their testimony. I would, however, like to mention a few things. As the display proves yesterday, a technology for limited performance and I underline "limited" of electric cars, with useful characteristics, exists today. Better vehicles should become available as the market for them develops.

It seems to me that two groups should serve as the initial market to stimulate this development-one is the electric power industry which stands to profit from the increased use of electricity. The other is the Government. The imaginative and selective purchase of prototype electrics by the Federal Government may reward new breakthroughs in design, and help assume the burden of privately financed research and development, of which there is considerable both by the automobile manufacturers themselves and by many others, all of whom are very conscious of the need to do something about the problems, particularly in metropolitan centers.

Both the cities and the consumer stand to benefit from the introduction of electrics. The electric will help alleviate air pollution and urban congestion. The consumer will benefit from instant starting, reduced maintenance, long life, and the economy of electricity as a fuel.

The electric's return will signal one of the country's responses to the problems of the 20th century. The electric car does not mean a new way of life, but rather it is a new technology to help solve the new problems of our age.

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