tissues and cells holds exceptional promise in providing new insight into the mechanisms responsible for metabolic regulation. Because of the great importance of heart disease, current research efforts are focused on the identification of the metabolic effects in the perfused heart model of several proposed therapeutic strategies for treatment of ischemic heart disease. Efforts will be concentrated on obtaining quantitative measurements of

metabolic concentrations in the heart.

The Carbon Dioxide Research FY 1987 Operating Request is $13.6 million. Its goal is to develop a sound, quantitative atmospheric carbon dioxide knowledge base to aid in energy policy decision making. It is the position of the Department of Energy that we do not yet have the scientific data base needed to recommend specific, firm energy policy options for consideration of the Congress relating to CO2 potential impacts.

Based on projections of potential global impacts, we believe we have the time in which to conduct the research necessary to improve estimates of future atmospheric CO2 which will include better estimates of energy usage and the workings of the carbon cycle, and improve climate modeling to develop regional and seasonal climate estimates as a function of future atmospheric CO2. These are prime research directions. Because oceans play a major role in the exchange of carbon dioxide with the atmosphere and as a heat engine in relation to global climatic conditions, much more data, analysis and modeling of oceans is required to be able to develop climate and carbon cycle models with which to predict effects of elevated increased atmospheric CO2 levels. Although improved understanding of the direct effect of elevated CO2 on crops is beginning to emerge, it is necessary to design experimental methods to determine the first principles which integrate crops, weeds and insects so that an ecological systems model can be developed. Collaborative international research is a

necessity if CO, research is to be successful, and, to this end, we are working with many international groups and individuals

(e.g., PRC, Australia, Switzerland, Canada).

In FY 1986, State-of-the-Art Reports were published on four major components of the Carbon Dioxide Research Program which indicate what we know or do not know, and which identify the key uncertainties in our knowledge and recommend research activities. We intend to vigorously pursue the recommendations of these definitive statements to reduce the current uncertainties in the scientific knowledge base to a level required for effective decision making.

The FY 1987 budget request for Facility Operations is $12.0 million. These funds provide for the necessary capital equipment and general plant project needs to support the BER program and its Pacific Northwest Laboratory landlord responsibilities.

The Capital Equipment request of $8.5 million for FY 1987 is essential for acquiring state-of-the-art equipment, replacement of deterioriated and obsolete instrumentation, and general purpose equipment needs at the Pacific Northwest Laboratory.

The Construction request for FY 1987 is $3.5 million. The request supports the program's General Plant Project needs, and the Pacific Northwest Laboratory landlord responsibility. General plant projects are necessary to accommodate continuing requirements to maintain satisfactory and economic operating conditions, to meet regulatory requirements and to provide for new program developments.

The FY 1987 request for Program Direction is $3.6 million.

These

funds are required to provide for the personnel costs of 53 fulltime equivalents to direct, manage, and support these

multidisciplinary research efforts.

This completes my summary of the BER program. I would now like to discuss the several ER outlay programs that are related to my

statutory responsibilities to advise the Secretary on DOE energy R&D programs, the non-weapons multiprogram laboratories, and the education and training of scientists and engineers.

ADVISORY AND ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES

Within the Office of Energy Research, the Office of Field Operations Management (FOM) and the Office of Program Analysis (OPA) support the Director's statutory advisory responsibilities. The Office of Field Operations Management provides support with regard to management oversight of the laboratories and energyrelated manpower development and training activities of the Department. The Office has developed policies and several management tools that the Department uses to administer its laboratories and R&D facilities across the country. The office also manages the University Research Support, the University Research Instrumentation, and the Multiprogram Energy Laboratories-Facilities Support programs, each of which I will discuss shortly. The Energy Research Analysis program, managed by the Office of Program Analysis, on the other hand, provides independent and objective program analyses and technical assessments.

ENERGY RESEARCH ANALYSIS

The Energy Research Analysis (ERA) program is the only

Departmental program specifically designed to provide independent
technical assessments of DOE programs. One of the program's
principal tasks is to solicit and obtain credible judgments by
premier researchers and expert scientists of the quality of DOE-
supported science and its eventual impact. Often following from
these judgments are recommendations on the necessary next steps
for the research. These recommendations provide independent views
on future program directions for DOE program managers to consider.
This method of technical review has evolved over the past 5 years

with participation by several hundred industry, academic, and

laboratory researchers.

Recent accomplishments include technology assessments of fuel cell research, wind turbodynamics, nonhighway transportation, and light water reactor automation. A comprehensive review of the low level radioactive waste technologies was also accomplished resulting in recommendations for future research and development. A program assessment of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's exploratory fund program, which reflects a broadly supportive program for new and innovative research ideas, is ready for publication.

The success of this exploratory fund program is one of the reasons for my support of such activities.

The

In the area of acid rain, the Office of Program Analysis continues to represent DOE on the Interagency Task Force on Acid Precipitation. This Task Force plans, coordinates, assesses and establishes the budgets for all Federal acid rain research. Peer reviews of the research into materials damage caused by acid rain have been held recently, resulting in directions for future research to clearly establish any deleterious effects of acid rain. These and other assessments are focusing on 1987 as a key year for identifying and quantifying acid rain impacts. Energy Research Analysis program has been instrumental in bringing research to bear on this and similar issues. In addition, a National Laboratory Consortium mandated by the Energy Security Act of 1980 (P.L. 96-294) (ESA), composed of four National laboratories (Brookhaven, Argonne, Pacific Northwest, and Oak Ridge), is carrying out the comprehensive multi-year research effort provided for under section 704 of ESA to explain the impacts of acid rain, in addition to their roles as Task Force members.

The FY 1987 budget request for the Energy Research Analysis

program is $3.5 million. It provides for (1) one to two independent analyses of the accomplishments of DOE R&D programs, (2) two to three assessments of technologies, (3) support for assessment and coordination elements within the National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP), including DOE's share of the support for the NAPAP Director of Research, (4) support of groups such as the Energy Research Advisory Board (ERAB) and JASON, and (5) technical support on issue papers and alternative action studies.

UNIVERSITY RESEARCH SUPPORT

The goal of the University Research Support (URS) program is to help maintain strong scientific/technical research capabilities in support of the Department's long-range energy R&D mission. То accomplish this goal, the URS program provides a special Departmental focus for a number of efforts which primarily involve universities and university faculty and students, both directly and in conjunction with the Department's National laboratories. The goals of these interrelated efforts are to:

o Maintain and strengthen university-based energy research and
manpower development capabilities in selected high priority
energy research fields.

• Use the unique resources of the National laboratories
(equipment, instrumentation and personnel) to assist in

university faculty and student research manpower development. • Assist in the transfer of laboratory-developed technology and expertise to the university and private sector.

O Increase the number and enhance the quality of students, including women and minorities, pursuing professional level degrees in energy-related science and engineering.

o Help strengthen the scientific/technical workforce in the Department's National laboratories.