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disappeared, and we appear to glide along, surrounded by scenery not altogether strange to us. Raspberry Jam, a settlement of the Chippewa Indians, is a pretty little place; and the soil about Garden River is rich and productive. Sugar Island, which we have passed to the left by this tortuous channel, belongs to the United States, the boundary line running through the centre of the main branch of the river. Twenty-five miles further on we reach, on the Canadian side, the village of Sault Ste. Marie. There are two villages bearing this name, one the capital of the Algoma District of Ontario, and, the other, on the opposite side of the St. Mary's River, the capital of Chippewa County, in the State of Michigan. Both are situated near the foot of rapids which obstruct the navigation between Lakes Superior and Huron. The current in the rapids runs at the rate of from fifteen to twenty miles an hour, and forms an impassable barrier to the passage of vessels of any description. The Chippewa Indians, however, amuse tour

The influence of these early Jesuit missionaries is still potent among the Indian tribes, even as far west as the Rocky Mountains.

Proceeding through the canal, to avoid the Sault, or rather the prolonged rapid, which, leaping over ledges of rock, descends about twenty feet in the three-quarters of a mile of its length, we enter a widening of the river, and, seven miles further on pass between Gros Cap (700 feet high) on the Canada shore, and Point Iroquois, in Michigan. Finally, we enter the waters of Lake Superior, the Indian name of which is Gitche Gumee, -the Big Sea Water-covering an area of 33,000 square miles. Its shores are almost uninterruptedly rock bound, the cliffs varying from 200 to 1,500 feet in height; the north, or Canadian, side being pre-eminently grand and rugged. On the southern side the

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SAULT ST. MARIE FALLS.

ists by "running or "shooting"them in birch bark canoes. The Canadian village is rather a scattered clearing than a town, although it boasts of a district judge, sheriff, court-house, gaol, post office, hotels, and the other appurtenances of civilized life. churches are also represented in considerable numbers. The Sault is beautifully situated, and forms one of the favourite summer resorts in this healthy region. It was here in 1671, that Father Allouet planted the cross, and took possession of the country in the name of the French King, Louis XIV.

The

objects of interest are the Pictured Rocks, Porcupine Mountain, The Twelve Apostles' Islands, and the town of Marquette, 170 miles from the Sault, the seat of the iron trade of the region, and the distant city of Duluth, in Minnesota. But having taken, as it is called, the Collingwood route, the preferable one, it will be admitted, for sight-seeing, we proceed to view the stupendous grandeur of the 'North

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Shore. Soon we come upon Michipicoten Island (Anglice, the Island of Knobs or Hills), the loveliest spot on the great lake. It is from twelve to fifteen miles long and five or six wide, and rises to a height of between 700 and 800 feet above the surface of the lake. There is a commodious harbour on the south side. Geologically the island be termed a mass of amygdaloidal trap, with beds of conglomerates, red sandstone, and shales. Crystals of red felspar, colourless quartz, pitchstone, and greenstone are also found on the island; and innumerable agates are picked up on the shores of the beautiful islets at the entrance of the bay and within it. At present Michipicoten Island is nearly in a state of nature; but when suitable accommodation is provided, it. will probably prove the favourite summer resort of Lake Superior. Twenty-five miles north-west of the island is Ötter Head, the neighbourhood of which abounds. in game-the cariboo, the deer, fox, bear, otter, marten, beaver, partridges, and pigeons. The whole shore, till we

approach Nipigon Bay, is wild and rugged, with beautiful bays and lovely islets, as well as innumerable streams that force their way over the rocky barrier. Nipigon Bay, which extends for many miles between the rocky islands and the dark frowning cliffs of the mainland, is perhaps the wildest and most picturesque portion of the trip. We are in the region where fire, earthquake, and volcano have rent and melted and hurled about the strata near the surface of the earth. To the sportsman, whether with rod or gun, the artist, the geologist, or the pleasure-seeker, this wild archipelago presents unrivalled attractions. pigon River, which flows out of the large lake of the same name thirty miles to the north, enters the bay at its north-western extremity. Passing along the narrow peninsula which separates Nipigon from Black Bay, we round Point Magnet and Point Porphyry, with islands on every side of us; and, leaving the large American Isle Royale to the left, land at the now renowned Silver Islet, some miles

Ni

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THUNDER CAPE, LAKE SUPERIOR.

off Thunder Cape. This insignificant speck upon the surface of the lake has of late years attained great importance in the estimation of the mining companies, for within its circumscribed space of some 80 feet square, there lies concealed untold wealth of precious metal. Several companies are now at work on the island, and the annual yield is enormous, the rock averaging in value $1,500 to $2,000 per ton. In some places the pure silver appears in belts in the wall of the mine, or forms a glittering floor beneath one's feet. But, reluctantly leaving this argentiferous spot, in which the needy man might well desire to possess an interest, a few hours' sail brings us in view of Thunder Cape, which notably marks the entrance to Thunder Bay.

This lofty promontory, 1,350 feet in height, is a very conspicuous ob ject at a distance of many miles. It first rises rather gradually, but steeply from the water, but finally terminates in a bold wall of chert or quartz. Its great height is hardly appreciated from the water on account of the corresponding length. After rounding the Cape, we pass into Thunder Bay, which is studded with innumerable rocky islets, which may probably be as rich in mineral wealth as the one of which we have just spoken. About fifteen miles from the Cape we arrive at Prince Arthur's Landing, a settlement now rising to great importance, but which seems to have sprung up a few years ago, like Jonah's gourd, in a night. Its situation is a fine one, as the land ascends gradually, by ter

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time must be our halting place, as the steamer here returns to Collingwood, is reached from the Landing by road, or by boat-a pull of about two miles -or by the recently constructed Prince Arthur branch of the Canada Pacific railway. It is an important Hudson's Bay Depôt for furs and stores of all kinds, and at one time was the headquarters of the North-West Company, until its union, after a desperate struggle, with the old monopoly. McKay's mountain, immediately behind Fort William, is an abrupt eminence ahout 1000 feet in height, with a back ground of distant mountains still higher. The river Kaministiquia (Indian, "place of many currents"),

upon the banks of which the settlement is formed, is navigable for ten or twelve miles from its mouth to where rapids occur. About eighteen miles further up there is a beautiful cascade, the Kakabeka Falls, about 200 feet in height. The name Fort appears to be a misnomer, for there is certainly nothing worthy of the name of fortification there now; but in early days, more than one hostile expedition set out from this quiet spot. Prince Arthur's Landing seems destined to throw the old trading-post completely in the shade; still it will always be worth a visit, if only for the tranquil beauty of its surroundings on lake, mountain, and river.

DOMINION DAY, 1879.

BY FIDELIS.

ITH feu-de-joie and merry bells, and cannon's thundering peal,
And pennons fluttering on the breeze, and serried rows of steel
We greet once more the birthday morn of our Canadian land,
From the Atlantic stretching wide to the far Pacific strand;
With glorious rivers, ocean lakes, and prairies wide and free,
And waterfalls, and forests dim, and mountains by the sea;
A country on whose birth there smiled the genius of romance,
Above whose cradle brave hands waved the lilied cross of France;

Whose infancy was grimly nursed in peril, pain, and woe,

When gallant hearts found early graves beneath Canadian snow;

When savage raid and ambuscade and famine's sore distress

Combined their strength, in vain, to crush the dauntless French noblesse ;

And her dim trackless forest lured again and yet again,

From silken courts of sunny France, her flower, the brave Champlain :
And now her proud traditions boast four blazoned rolls of fame ;--

Crecy's and Flodden's deadly foes for ancestors we claim,

Past feud and battle buried far behind the peaceful years,

While Gaul and Celt and Briton turn to pruning hooks their spears ;—

Four nations welded into one, with long historic past,

Have found, in these our western wilds, a common life at last!

Through the young giant's mighty limbs, that stretch from sea to sea, There runs a throb of conscious life, of waking energy;

From Nova Scotia's misty coast to the Pacific shore,

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She wakes-a band of scattered homes and colonies no more;
But a young nation, with her life full beating in her breast,
And noble future in her eyes-the Britain of the West.
Hers be the noble task to fill the yet untrodden plains
With fruitful many-sided life that courses through her veins ;
The English honour, nerve, and pluck; the Scotsman's love of right;
The grace and courtesy of France; the Irish fancy bright;
The Saxon's faithful love of home, and home's affections blest,
And chief of all, our holy faith, of all her treasures best
A people poor in luxuries, but rich in noble deeds,
And knowing righteousness exalts the people that it leads.
As yet the waxen mould is soft, the opening page is fair,
It rests with those who rule us now to leave their impress there,
The stamp of true nobility, high honour, stainless truth,
The earnest quest of noble ends, the generous heart of youth;
The love of country, soaring far above all party strife;
The love of culture, art and song, the crowning grace of life;
The love of science, reaching far through Nature's hidden ways;
The love and fear of Nature's God, a nation's highest praise ;—
So in the long hereafter, our Canada shall be

The worthy heir of British power and British liberty;
Spreading the blessings of her sway to her remotest bounds,
While, with the fame of her fair name, a continent resounds;
True to the high traditions of Britain's ancient glory,
Of patriots, saints, and martyrs, who live in deathless story;
Strong, in their liberty and truth, to shed from shore to shore
A light among the nations, till nations are no more.

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