1687, 417; William III. is solicited by, to call a
Convention, and to take upon him the govern-
ment, 444

Secular law, state of, temp. Henry II., i. 283
Sedgemoor, battle of, in July 5, 1685; iv. 395
Selden, Johu, joins in the protestation of the
House of Commons, in 1621, against the king's
interference with their liberty of speech, iii. 381;
assists in the debate on the Petition of Right, in
1628, 397; committed to the Tower after parlia-
ment had been dissolved, in 1629, 404
Senlac, original name of the spot where the battle
of Hastings was fought, i. 180, et seq.
Settlement, early establishment of the law of, iii.
269; ill effects of, and severities exercised under,
270

Severus, wall of, i. 29, 30; suppresses the revolt of
the Brigantes and Mæatæ, 31; death of, A.D. 211,
ibid.

Seymour, lord Thomas, brother of Somerset, mar-
ries Catherine, widow of Henry VIII., iii. 15;
quarrels with his brother, ibid.; addresses the
princess Elizabeth after the death of his wife, 16;
is accused of treason, convicted, and executed,
ibia.; charge against, of defrauding the Mint in
conjunction with sir J. Sharrington, 19; letters
of, to the princesses Mary and Elizabeth, 18
Shaftesbury, Anthony Ashley Cooper, earl of,
becomes a member of the Cabal ministry, in
1667, iv. 302; character of, by Butler and Dryden,
304; complicity of, in Charles becoming a pen-
sioner of France, 306; shifting policy of, ibid. ;
is created earl of Shaftesbury, and made lord
chancellor, 318; character of, 319; declares the
Declaration of Indulgence illegal, 321; is dis-
missed from his office of chancellor, and becomes
the leader of the opposition, 323; letter attri-
buted to, descriptive of the composition of the
House of Commons, ibid,; committed to the
Tower for opinions expressed in the House of
Lords, in 1677, 328; is suspected of having
fomented the Popish Plot in 1678, 333; is named
president of the council in 1679, and continues to
lead the opposition, 344; is dismissed from the
presidency, 352; presents the duke of York as a
popish recusant to the Grand Jury at West-
minster, ibid.; supports the Exclusion Bill in the
House of Lords, which is rejected, 357; is
indicted for high treason in 1681, and the grand
jury throw out the bill, 364; he flies to Holland,
366; death of, in 1683, ibid.

Shakspere, William, characteristics of his dramas,
iii. 301; nationality of, ibid.

Sidney, Algernon, opposes the trial of the king, iv.
106; is accused of participation in the Rye-House
Plot, in 1683, 371; his defence, and conviction,
374; is beheaded on Dec. 7, 375
Shrewesbury (or Hateley Field), battle of, in 1403,

ii. 49

Sidney, sir Philip, serves in the army sent to assist
the Netherlands, iii. 183; death of, at Zutphen,
184: funeral of, 213

Silbury Hill, the largest artificial mound in Europe,
i. 12

Silchester, i. 13; account of the Roman city of,
i. 39, 40, 41

Silures, unsubdued during the reign of Claudius,

i. 22

Simnel, Lambert, imposture of, ii. 212; represents
himself as son of the duke of Clarence, ibid.;
his pretensions supported by the duchess of
Burgundy, ibid.; proclaimed king in Dublin,
213; lands in England with a force under Martin
Swartz, is defeated at Stoke, on June 4, 1487,
and taken prisoner, 213; appointed to a mean
office in Henry's kitchen, 214

Sindercomb, Miles, plot of against Cromwell, iv.
205; its failure, ibid.

Siward, earl of Northumbria (the Siward of Shak-
sperc's Macbeth), notice of, i. 163

Skippon, major, his speech to the Londoners, iv.
10; takes the place of Essex as commander, 37;
commands the centre with Fairfax at battle
of Naseby, 43; escorts the payment of money to
the Scots for the surrender of Charles I., 63
Slavery, existence of, in England under the Romans,

i. 46; imposed by statute as a punishment for
vagrancy in 1547, ii. 470; the statute repealed
in 1549, iii. 38

Somerset, Edward Seymour, duke of. See Hert-
ford, earl of.

Somerset House, notice of the building erected by
the duke of Somerset, iii. 36
Somerset, Robert Carr, earl of, rapid ride of, from
London to Edinburgh to inform James of Eliza-
beth's death, iii. 308; lavishness of James
towards, 341; assumes the government of the
kingdom after Cecil's death, 360; marriage of, to
the divorced lady Essex, 361; trial of, with the
countess, for the murder of sir Thomas Overbury,
364; deceitful conduct of the king towards, 365;
they are convicted, and pardoned, 367
Southey, Robert, character of the ancient Britons
by, i. il

Spenser, Edmund, embodiment of early English
legends by, i. 2; characteristics of his poetry,
iii. 300

Spenser, Hugh. See Edward II.
Sports and Games. Sce England.
Standard, battle of the, i. 253

Star-Chamber court instituted by Henry VII. in
1488, ii. 242; extended jurisdiction given to, by
Charles I., iii. 406; severe sentence of, on Prynne,
in 1633, for publishing the "Histrio-mastix,"
411 and on Dr. Leighton for writing against
Prelacy, 413; convicts and inflicts heavy punish-
ments, in 1637, on Prynne, Burton, and Bast-
wick, for their anti-prelatical writings, 423;
fines the city of London 70,0001. for an infringe-
ment of the conditions on which they held their
lands in Ulster, 426; its prisoners released on
the opening of the Long Parliament, in Nov.
1640, 444; abolished by statute, 460

Statute of Winchester, 1285, provisions of, i. 385, 386
Statutes of Labourers, passed in 1849 and 1351, in

order to fix their residence, and to establish a scale
of wages, i. 470, 471; injustice and inefficiency
of, 472

Stephen, earl of Boulogne, swears to the succession
of Matilda, i. 241; departs for England on the
death of Henry I. 249; crowned king of Eng-
land on Dec. 26, 1135, 250; remarkable outbreak
of the people against the Forest Laws, and
general confusion, ibid.; preferred by the people
to a female sovereign, 251; evil effects of the
feudal system under, il.; early reaction of the
nobles in favour of Matilda, ibid.; is attacked by
David, king of Scotland, who supports the claim
of Matilda, 252; the Scots defeated by the
bishop of Durham, with the aid of the Saxons,
in the battle of the Standard, 253; reduces some
of the disaffected barons, 254; quarrels with the
clergy, and arrests the bishops of Salisbury and
Lincoln, 260; his brother, the bishop of Win-
chester, denounces him at a synod, and he is
threatened with excommunication, ibid. ; Matilda
lands in England to support her claim, and is
besieged in Arundel castle, 261: is allowed to
pass to Bristol to join the earl of Gloucester,
ibid.; evils of the destructive partisan war,
ibid.; battle of Lincoln, 262; taken prisoner
and confined in Bristol castle, 263; his wife
expels Matilda from London with the aid of the
inhabitants, 263; is exchanged for the earl of
Gloucester, who had been captured at Win-
chester, 265; sympathy of the people for, ibid. ;
besieges Matilda in Oxford, 266; turmoil and
desolation in the kingdom in 1142, 267; is at-
tacked by Henry II, whom he accepts as his
successor, 268; dies Oct. 25, 1154, 269

Stoke, battle of, in support of Lambert Simnel,
on June 4, 1487, ii. 213

Stonehenge, notice of, i. 10, 13

Strabo, statement of, relating to the peaceful com-
munication of the Britons with the Romans,
after Caesar's invasion, i., 8

Strafford, earl of (sir Thomas Wentworth), sup-
ports the Petition of Right in 1628, ini. 97;
becomes chief minister of Charles 1. after the
death of Buckingham, 409; is created a viscount,
made Lord President of the North, and Lord
Deputy of Ireland, 410; explains to Laud the

principle of thorough, on which England and
Ireland were to be governed, 411; proposes to
the king a monopoly of salt, 416; strong ex
pressions in favour of the levy of Ship Money,
421; prevented by illness from taking the com-
mand of the English forces against the Scots at
Newburn, 437; wishes to return to Ireland, but
the king pledges himself for his safety, and he
remains in London, 439; is impeached by the
House of Commons in 1641, 445; is arrested and
committed to the Tower, 446; charges brought
against, 448; preparation of Westminster Hall
for the trial of, 449; conduct of, during the trial,
450; his defence. 451; papers of the Privy
Council furnished against, 452; his eloquent
speech on, during his defence, 453; a bill of at-
tainder passed against, by both Houses, 456;
firm demeanour of, at his execution, on May
12, 1641, 458

Stubbes, Philip, picture of the times afforded by
his "Anatomie of Abuses," iii. 246, et seq.
Suetonius, account by, of the expedition of Caligula
to invade Britain, i. 17

Suetonius Paulinus assumes the command of the
Romans in Britain, A. D. 58, attacks,and takes
Mona (Auglesey), the chief seat of the Druids,
i. 22; returns to repress the revolt of Boadicea,
24 obtains a conquest over her, 25
Suffolk, De la Poles, dukes of. See Richard II. and
Henry VI.

Surrey, earl of.

See Henry VIII.

Sweyn, with a Danish fleet, ravages England in
980, i. 151; returns to avenge the massacre of
the Danes, 153; lands again in 1012, and pro-
claims himself king of England, 155; London
surrenders to, ibid.; death of, in 1014, ibid.
Swinfield,, bishop of Hereford, account of the
Household Roll of, for 1289 and 1290, i. 392;
domestic life and duties of the bishop, 393;
manor houses of, and modes of living at, 394;
Christmas feast of, 395; prices of articles used
by, 396; state of domestics, labourers, and serfs
under, 396 397; journey of, to London, 399;
lodging and provision on the road, 400; arrival
of, in London, 401; notice of London markets
and shops, 402, departs from London, 404; visi-
tations of, 405; gardens, orchard, and vineyard,
of, at Bosbury, 406; building operations of, at
Womenswould, in Kent, 407; furniture pro-
vided for, 408; dresses provided by, and the
prices, 409

TACITUS, Statement of, that Cæsar did not conquer
Britain, i. 8; his account of the Britons affords
an early indication of the national character,
20; the speeches attributed by, to Caractacus,
Boadicea, and Galgacus, probably fictitious, but
affording a true representation of the facts and
feelings of the period, 21

Talbot, lord, defied by Joan of Arc, ii. 85; taken
prisoner at the battle of Patay, 88; the posses-
sions of the duke of Burgundy ravaged by, 92;
death of, at Castillon in 1458, 93

Taliesin, notice by, of the massacre of the monks of
Bangor, i. 69

Taylor, Rowland, behaviour of, in prison, iii. 84;
martyrdom at Hadleigh in 1555, 85

Templars (Knights), mission from the kingdom of
Jerusalem to, in 1185, i. 303; dissolution of the
order of the, in France, in 1307, i. 439; and sup-
pression of in England, in 1308, ibid.; their house
in London given to the students of the law, 440
Temple, sir William, concludes the Triple Alliance
in 1668, iv. 308; it is repudiated in 1671, and he
retires to private life, 315; notice of the prince of
Orange by. 329; suggests a scheme of govern-
ment by a Cabinet, 343

Tewkesbury, the Lancastrians totally defeated at
the battle of, on May 4, 1471, ii. 166

Thanet, complete insulation of, in the time of the
Romans, i. 37

Theodosius, repels the invasion of the Picts and
Scots into Britain, i. 54

Thiers, M., account of the intended invasion of
Britain by Napoleon, i. 17

Tinchenbrai, battle of, in 1105, i. 240

Tintern Abbey, foundation of, i. 256

491

Titus, allusion of, to the security afforded to the
Britons by the sea, i. 3

Tostig, brother of Harold, succeeds Siward as earl
of Northumbria, i. 171; oppression exercised by,
occasions an insurrection, 175; is banished, 176;
invades England with a force of Norwegians, is
defeated and slain at Stamford Bridge in 1066,

180

Towns, manufacturing, condition of, in 1636, iii.
499

Towton, the battle of, on March 29, 1461, and vic-
tory of the Yorkists, ii. 147, 148; constitution of
the contending armies of the Roses, 147
Travelling, means for, as shown in bishop Swin-
field's journeys between Prestbury and Lon-
don, i, 399, 404; another journey, from Oxford
to Canterbury in 1289, 401; travelling in Lon-
don, 1289, 402; as shown in his visitations, in
1290, 405; mode of, as exhibited by a Scotch
army in 1312, 431; dangers of, in the latter half
of the 15th century, ii. 127; dangerous condition
of the London streets, temp. Henry VIII., 479;
statute passed for repairing the highways, 1555,
480; means for, on the Thames. temp. Henry
VIII., 481; insecurity of, illustrated in the
murder of Arden of Feversham, in 1551, 485
Trinobantes, the kings of the, i. 14

Tribute, not paid by Britain for some time after
the invasion of Cæsar, i. 16

ULFUS, lands given by, to the chapter of York, with
a horn as the symbol of the title, 119

VAGRANCY, statute to repress, in 1504, ii. 252; atro-
cious severity of one in 1536, 342; renewed sta-
tute in 1547, imposing slavery as a punishment,
470; repealed, 1549, iii. 38; statute of Elizabeth
against, 269; inefficiency of the laws against,
270

Vane, sir Henry, the younger produces the
papers of the Privy Council to prove the guilt of
Strafford, iii. 452; chief negotiator with Scotland
for an alliance with the parliament, iv. 27; his
modifications of the treaty in favour of tolera-
tion, 28; a leading Independent statesman, 57;
wishes to keep the army intact, 69; one of the
chief disputants with the king at the treaty
of Newport, 98; bears testimony to the talent
of Charles, 99; retires into the country after the
ejection of members by the army, till after the
- king's execution, 104; remarks of Mrs. Hutchin-
son on his conduct at this period, ibid.; becomes
an active member of the Council of State, 115;
President of the Committee for the Navy, 149;
conduct of, at the dissolution of the Long Par-
liament by Oliver Cromwell, 158; publishes a
pamphlet describing a new form of government,
199; Cromwell in vain endeavours to persuade
him not to act in opposition to his government;
and he is imprisoned, 199; is excepted from the
Act of Indemnity in 1660, but his life recom-
mended to be spared, 248; is tried for high treason
in 1662, 260; able defence of, and the king's letter
recommending him to be put out of the way on
account of it, 261; his execution, on June 14,
1662, 262

Varangians, the Anglo-Saxons driven from England,
become the emperor's guard at Constantinople,
i. 189; valour displayed by, 190

Veneti, inhabitants of Brittany, character of, i. 2;
intimate relations of, with England, ibid.; re-
sistance offered by, to Cæsar, 3; assistance
afforded to, by the Britons, ibid.; conquest of,
by Cæsar, ibid.

Venner, Thomas, futile attempt at insurrection of,
in 1657, in favour of the Fifth Monarchy, iv.

206

Verrio, employment of, to ornament Windsor Castle,
iv. 355

Verulam, attacked and destroyed by Boadicea, A.D.
61, i. 23

Vespasian, conquests of, in Britain, i. 20; triumph
bestowed on, ibil.

Vikings, notice of the, i. 78

Virginia, first attempts to found a colony in, iii.

220; founding of the colony of, under James
Smith, in 1606, 343; sufferings of the first
colonists, and subsequent progress of the colony,
344, 345

Vortigern, legend of, i. 61

WAGES of labourers in 1288, i. 398; of artificers,
408; statutes for the regulation of the scale of,
for labourers, 471; statutes for the regulation of,
and for the hours of labour, in 1465, ii. 114;
truck forbidden, ibid.; new statute for the regu-
lation of, in 1495, 252; found ineffectual, and re-
pealed in 1496, ibid.; new statute for the regula-
tion of, in 1515, 475; the legislature declare in
1563 that the statutes cannot be enforced on
account of the high price of provisions, iii.
276

Wakefield, battle of, on Dec. 31, 1460, ii. 145
Wales, state of, as described by Giraldus in 1188, i.
277, 278; Llewellyn, prince of, is summoned to do
homage to Edward I., and refuses, 383; is
attacked by Edward and forced to submit, in
1277, 384; his attendants in London dislike their
food and their treatment there, ibid.; renewed
revolt of, in 1282, 387; is slain, and his brother
executed, 388; prince Edward, born at Caernar-
von, April 25, 1284, created prince of Wales, 389;
statute passed for the settlement of, by Edward
I., 390; insurrection in 1287 suppressed, 411;
another insurrection in 1295 subdued, 417; popu-
larity of Richard II. in, ii, 41 ; revolt of, against
Henry IV. under Owen Glendower, 42: severe
measures taken for the repression of, ibid.;
Henry IV. and his army repulsed, in 1402, 43;
successful resistance of, during the life of Glen-
dower, 50, 51

Wallace, William, heads a revolt in Scotland in
1297, against Edward I., i. 420; defeats the Eug-
lish at Stirling, 420, 421; created guardian of the
kingdom, 421; is defeated at Falkirk, 422; con-
tinued warfare of, ibid.; is betrayed, and taken
prisoner, 424; and executed in London, 425
Waller, Edmund, the royalist plot of, discovered,
iv. 15 saves his life by bribing the House of
Commons, 16

Waller, sir William, successful against the royal-
ists, iv. 15; defeated at Lansdown, 19; blockades
Oxford, in company with Essex, 33; jealousies
between him and Essex, 34; pursues the king into
Worcestershire, and is defeated by him, ibid.;
called out for the defence of London, 37
Walloon weavers, introduction of, into England by
the Protector Somerset, iii. 45; driven from
England by Mary, 46

Walsingham, sir Francis. See Elizabeth.
Waltheof, earl, submits to William the Conqueror,
i. 188; joins Canute and Edgar Atheling on their
invasion in 1070, 193; refuses to take an active
part in the conspiracy against William in 1070,
201; is betrayed by his wife and executed, ibid.
Wantage, description of Alfred's home at, i. 86
Wansdyke, notice of, i. 10

Warbeck, Perkin, lands in Ireland in 1492, and an-
nounces himself as second son of Edward IV., ii.
220; claims and receives the protection of the
duchess of Burgundy, ibid.; doubtful ex parte
accounts of, and pretended confession, 221; letter
of, to Isabella of Spain, 222; attempts a landing
at Deal, and is repulsed, 225; is expelled from
Burgundy, and finds refuge with James IV. of
Scotland, ibid.; marries Catherine Gordon, 226;
his position in Scotland in 1496 described by one
of the spies of Henry VII., 227; difficulties of
supposing him an impostor, 228; invades Eng-
land, supported by James IV., but is compelled
to retreat, 229; unpopularity of, occasioned by
the foreign assistance, ibid.; leaves Scotland, and
lands in Cornwall, 230; attacks Exeter, but is
repulsed, ibid.; is deserted by his forces, and flies
to sanctuary at Beaulieu Abbey, where he is
taken prisoner, 230, 231; attempts to escape, is
retaken, and imprisoned in the Tower, 231; ex-
hibited to the public, and reads his confession,
232; is executed at Tyburn, Nov. 23, 1499, z33
War-chariots, Southey's notice of, i. 11; Cæsar's
description of, i. 12

Warwick, Neville, earl of, supports the claims of
Richard duke of York, ii. 136; important assist-
ance of, at the first battle of St. Alban's, 138;
returns from Calais to attend an attempted re-
conciliation of the York and Lancastrian fac-
tions, 141; attempt on his life and his escape to
Calais, 142; is declared a traitor by the parlia-
ment at Coventry, 143; lands in Kent, enters
London, wins the battle of Northampton, and
takes Henry prisoner, in 1460, ibid.; defeated by
queen Margaret at the second battle of St.
Alban's in 1461, 146; joins Edward, duke of
York, and enters London, ibid.; marches with
Edward to the North, and wins the battle of
Towton, 147; the representative of popular
opinion, 150; becomes estranged from Edward,
154; wealth and power of, 157; joins with Cla-
rence in an attempt to dethrone Edward, who is
taken prisoner, but escapes, 158; is defeated by
Edward at Stamford, 159; is reconciled to queen
Margaret, ibid.; invades England, and restores
Henry without a battle, 160; is slain at the
battle of Barnet, 165

Warwick, Dudley, earl of, nearly made prisoner at
the battle of Pinkie, iii. 7; is sent to subdue the
Norfolk rebels under Ket, 26; defeats them at
Dussin-dale, 27; recommends clemency, 28; ac-
quires political power, 30; heads the confederacy
of nobles against Somerset, 32; obtains posses-
sion of the Tower, 33; is joined by lord Russell
and the army, 34; is created duke of Northum-
berland, 43; becomes the actual governor of the
king, 46; marries his son to the lady Jane Grey,
47; causes lady Jane to be proclaimed queen,
June 10, 1553, 51; leaves London to oppose the
advance of Mary, 52; is arrested, 54; tried for
treason, convicted, and executed, ibid.; apos-
tatises before his death, 55

Wat Tyler. See Richard II.

Wentworth, sir Thomas. See Strafford, earl of.
Westminster, Edward the Confessor's palace of, i.
176

Wight, Isle of, conquered by Vespasian, i. 20; un-
truth of the tradition that John retired to, after
the signing of Magna Charta, 353; Charles I.
escapes to, iv. 87

William of Normandy, descent and position of, i.
169; visits Edward, and encourages the Norman
party in his court, ibid.; releases Harold from
his imprisonment by the count of Ponthieu, 178;
exacts an oath from Harold to support his claim
to the throne of England, 174; rage of, at the
news of Harold having been chosen king, 177;
prepares for the invasion, 178; lands at Pevensey,
179; fights and wins the battle of Senlac, or Has-
tings, 181; founds the Abbey of Bataille,' 182;
elected king of England, 185; subdues London,
186; crowned on Dec. 25, 1066, ibid.; tumult on
the occasion, and probable cause of, 186, 187;
Edgar Atheling submits to, 187; conciliatory
policy of, ibid.; builds fortresses and creates
fiefs, ibid.; visits Normandy, 188; oppressions
of the Norman chieftains in England while away,
189; Anglo-Saxon insurrections against, 190; re-
turns to England, and promises to maintain the
laws of Edward the Confessor, ibid.; violates his
promise, and becomes tyrannical, 191; remark-
able energy of, ibid,; insurrection in the North
suppressed by, 192; repulses the invasion of
Canute, king of Denmark, and devastates North-
umbria, 193; scarcity and famine in conse-
quence, ibid.; confiscation of Saxon estates by,
194; gradual restoration of security by the esta-
blishment of Norman fiefs, 195; numerical pre-
ponderance of the Saxons in the time of, 196;
marches to Chester in 1070, and suppresses the
insurrection in Mercia, ibid.; blockades Here-
ward in the Isle of Ely, and compels him to sub-
mit, 198, 199; insurrection in Maine suppressed
by, with an army of Normans and English, 201;
revolt of nobles in England suppressed, and ex-
ecution of Waltheof, ind.; continental wars and
family quarrels of, 202; oath of fealty taken to
203; Domesday Book compiled by order of, in
1085, ibid.; Forest Laws enacted by, and misery
occasioned by the enclosure of the New Forest,

206; knight service instituted by, 214, et seq.;
feudal exactions imposed by, 215; besieges
Mantes in 1087, is hurt, and dies on Sept. 9, 218;
character of, 219

William II., Rufus, coronation of, as king of Eng-
land, on Sept. 26, 1087, i. 219; early severities
of, and insurrection of the Norman nobles
against, 220; insurrection suppressed by the
assistance of the English, 221; oppressive pro-
ceedings of, ibid.; description of the court of,
221, 222; repulses Malcolm of Scotland, and
builds Carlisle castle, 224; his brother Robert
challenges him, and declares war, ibid.; taxes
England to pay the mortgage money for Nor-
mandy to duke Robert, 225; sufferings of Eng-
land from the oppressions of, ibid, seizes Nor-
mandy in 1095, 230; Westminster Hall built by,
ibid.; killed by Walter Tyrrel on August 1, 1100,

231

William, prince of Orange, called to the command
of the forces of Holland on the invasion in 1672,
by Louis XIV., iv. 318; after the murder of the
De Witts, he succeeds in expelling the French,
ibid.; marries the princess Mary, 329; concludes
the peace of Nimeguen, 331; is invited to inter-
fere in the affairs of England, 433; publishes a
declaration announcing his design to come to the
assistance of the English people, 434; sails from
Helvoetsluys, and lands at Torbay, Nov. 5, 1688,
436; marches to Exeter, 437; his first reception
not encouraging, ibid.; is joined by the Duke of
Grafton and Churchill, and other commanders,
438; and by the prince of Denmark and the
princess Anne, 439; advances to Hungerford,
440; his Dutch guards march to Westminster,
442; sends a message to James, which induces
him to leave London, and proceed to Rochester,
ibid. ; arrives at St. James's, Dec. 19th, and is met
by peers, members of former parliaments, the
lord mayor and citizens, 443; is requested to
call a Convention, and in the meanwhile under-
take the administration of affairs, 444; parlia-
ment meets in 1689, ibid.; their proceedings,
ibid.; their final resolutions, 445; princess of
Orange arrives at Whitehall, ibid.; Declaration
of Rights, ibid.; William and Mary proclaimed
king and queen, 447

Wiltshire Downs, ancient British monuments on,
i. 12, 13

Winchester, the ancient city of, i. 13

Winchester, Henry, bishop of, influences the elec-
tion of his brother Stephen in 1135, i. 250;
denounces him at a synod for offences against
the clergy, 260; supports Matilda, 263; rejoins
his brother, and supports his cause by the
authority of the holy scc," 266; superseded as
legate, 268

Wolsey, cardinal Thomas, acts as war-minister to
Henry VIII. while almoner, ii. 264; birth, and
rise of, under Henry VII., 265; accompanies the
expedition to France, and is made bishop of
Tournay, 268; made chancellor, cardinal, and
papal legate, 275; and archbishop of York,
ibid.; magnificence of, 276; the pope secures his
support against the doctrines of Luther, ibid.;
maintains the papal supremacy in England,
ibid.; the ostentation of the result of policy,
278; his labour and difficulties as a minister,
279; propitiated by Charles V. in his meeting
with Henry at Gravelines, 286; asserted promo-
tion by, of the conviction and execution of the
duke of Buckingham in 1521, 287; appointed to
mediate between Francis I. and Charles V., 291;
aspires to the papal chair, and fails, ibid.; he
endeavours to overawe the Commons into the
granting of a large subsidy, 296; fosters dissen-
sions in the court of Scotland, 297; takes the

493

blame on himself of having levied taxes without
the consent of parliament, 303; sent ambassador
to France, 309; difficulties of, arising from the
question of the king's divorce from Catherine,
310; concludes an alliance with France, 311;
first troubles of, from the king's attachment to
Anne Boleyn, 312; receives the French embassy
at Hampton Court, 313; is authorised by the
pope to inquire into Henry's marriage, 315; is
associated with cardinal Campegius for the pur-
pose, ibid.; arrival of Campegius in England,
316; interview of Catherine with the legates,
317; dissatisfaction of Henry with, 319; is de-
prived of the great seal, 320; leaves York Place,
321; rejoicings at his fall, 322; destitution of at
Esher, ibid.; is defended in parliament by Thomas
Cromwell, 323; is accused of slandering the
church of England in the court of Rome, 324;
continued interest of, in his colleges, 332; re-
ceives a general pardon, and resides in his see of
York, ibid.; his great popularity there, 333; is
arrested for high treason, 334; dies at Leicester,
on Nov. 29, 1531, on his journey to London,
ibid.

Wren, sir Christopher, plan of, for rebuilding the
city of London, iv. 289; alterations of, at Windsor
Castle, 355

Wyat, sir Thomas, insurrection of, against the
marriage of queen Mary with Philip of Spain,
iii. 61; he marches to London, 63; and is
defeated, 64; is executed, 68

Wycliffe, prosecuted for his opinions, i. 487; sup-
ported by the duke of Lancaster, 488; resistance
of, to Peter's pence, 489; translates the New
Testament, ibid.; the precursor of the Reforma-
tion, 490; the religious opinions of, not the cause
of the insurrection in 1381, ii. 7, 8; many of his
opinions declared heretical by a synod of divines,
8; petitions against the Act for the punishment
of preachers of heresies, 9; it is repealed, ibid.;
his translation of the Scriptures is proscribed,
10; enduring effects of his labours, and death,
ibid.; the council of Constance orders his body
to be disinterred and burnt, 54

Wykeham, William of, deprived of his temporalities
and dismissed from court, i. 487; notice of his
constructions and institutions, 488

YORK, James, duke of. See James II.
York, rise of the House of, ii. 130; character of
Richard, duke of, ibid.; popularity of, 134;
takes up arms against Somerset, 135; is arrested,
ibid.; is elected Protector by the peers, 136; is
superseded, 137; marches towards London, ibid.;
wins the first battle of St. Albans, on May 22,
1455, 138; conducts Henry to London, 139; is
appointed Protector a second time, ibid.; is again
superseded, 141; absents himself from the king's
councils, ibid.; attends in London, in 1458, an
attempted reconciliation of the York and Lan-
castrian factions, ibid.; commencement of the
Civil War of the Roses, 142; is declared a traitor
by the parliament at Coventry, 143; flies to Ire-
land, ibid.; returns from Ireland, after the battle
Northampton, in 1460, ibid.; claims the crown in
a parliament at Westminster, 144; the peers
compromise the claim by enacting that York
should succeed on Henry's death, ibid.; queen
Margaret resists the compromise, and assembles
an army, ibid.; battle of Wakefield, and death of
York, on Dec. 31, 1460, 145

York, the duchess of, takes refuge, in 1460, in the
chambers of John Paston in the Temple, ii. 143;
notice of her family there with her, 144

ZONARAS, account by, of the speech of Caractacus,
i. 9

ABBESS, an English, ii. 421

Abbot, an English mitred, i. 370

Abbot, archbishop, iii. 361

Abury, restored, general view of, i. 12
Acre, the plain of, i. 310

Agriculture, illustrations of Anglo-Saxon-Plough-
man and Sower, i. 88; Vine-dresser, 89; Wine-
presser, ibid.; Mower, ibid.; Haymaker, ibid.;
Harvestmen, ibid.; Shepherd, 90; Woodmen,
ibid.; Threshers, 91

Albion, British and Roman symbols of, i. 1
Alehouse door, iii. 252

Alfred taught by his mother, i. 82; the jewel of,
found at Athelney, 105

Alfric of Mercia, seal of, i. 151
Alnwick Castle, ii. 25

Anderson's Place, Newcastle, iv. 64

Anglo-Saxon mantle, caps, and weapons, i. 75;
ladies, 81; king and ealdormen, ibid.; ponti-
fical procession, 84; royal costume, 85; boar-
hunters, 91; residence, 92; monk reading, 104
Ankerwyke Yew, i. 351

Anne, queen of Richard III., ii. 189

Anne of Cleves, ii. 425

Argyle, execution of the marquis of, iv. 257
Armour, mascled, i. 241; tegulated, 269

Arms, &c., from the Tower armoury, iii. 179
Arundel, ancient mill at, i. 207

Arundel House, iii. 14

Arundel Marbles, gallery of, iii. 425
Askew, Anue, burning of, ii. 449

Athelstan's Gospels, fac-simile of the initial letter

of the first chapter in John, i. 130

Augustin, from the door of the Chapter House,
Rochester, i. 68

Augustus, medal of, i. 7

Austin Friars, Dutch Church of, iii. 45

Bed, early English, i. 400

Belfry (berfredum), military engine, i. 222
Benedictine Monk, i. 135

Berengaria, queen of Richard I., i. 309
Berkeley Castle, i. 444

Bermondsey, remains of conventual buildings at,
ii. 215

Bible, chained, for public reading, ii. 493
Bignor, plan of Roman villa at, i. 48

Birmingham, ancient, iii. 420

Bloody Tower (in Tower of London), ii. 192
Bodleian Library, Oxford, interior, iv. 26

Bohemia, king of, stone cross of the burial place
of, at Cressy, i. 462

Boleyn, queen Anne, ii. 336

Boscobel House, iv. 143

Bothwell Bridge, iv. 353

Bowling, i. 327

Bradford, the duke's house at, iii. 304
Bristol, in the 17th century, iv. 18
Britannia, Roman coin of, i. 46

British weapons of bronze, i. 4: shield in the
British Museum, ibid.; and Roman weapons, 8
Britons, ornaments and patterns of, i. 13
Broadstone, East Retford (the medium of commu-
nication during the Plague), iv. 271

Buckingham, duke of, the house at Portsmouth in
which he was assassinated, iii. 401

Bucklers, playing at, and Maids dancing for gar
lands, ii. 293

Building operations, early English, i. 407

Bullen, sir Thomas, brass of, in Hever Church, ii.

312

Burbage, Richard, iii. 257

Burgh Castle, east wall of, i. 39

Burleigh House, north front of, iii. 279
Butler's (Samuel), cottage, iii. 493

Bury St. Edmund's, tower at, i. 284
Byland Abbey, i. 438

CAERNARVON Castle, i. 389

Caister Castle, ii. 107

Calais, from the Sea, ii. 424

Caligula, medal of, i. 17

Cambridge, School of Pythagoras at, i. 403

Candlestick, early English, i. 408

Canterbury Cathedral, interior, i. 282; staircase in
the conventual buildings of, 295

Canterbury Pilgrims, group from Stothard's pic-
ture, i. 483

Canute and his Queen, i. 149; being rowed by Ely,
ibid.; reproving his courtiers, 157; on his pil-
grimage to Rome, 158

Carberry Hill, surrender of Mary queen of Scots
at, iii. 148

Carisbrook Castle, keep of, i. 213; Castle, iv. 84;
the window from which Charles I. attempted to
escape, 92

Carlisle Castle, i. 224

Carriage, state, of queen Elizabeth, iii. 131
Carthusian monk, ii. 358

Catherine of Aragon, queen of Henry VIII., ii.

258