Reading Horizons, Volume 49

ability achievement activities adult African American alphabet American analysis answers approach asked assessment Association beliefs classroom College completed course cultural culturally bound discuss drawing early Education effective engagement English example experiences explained exploration feedback findings fluency given grade ideas identify important improve increase indicated individual influence instruction interest interviews ISBN Journal kindergarten language learning letters literacy materials meaning measure method Michigan middle Named participants Pearson performance positive practices pre-service teachers presented prior knowledge questions readers reading and writing reading comprehension relationship reported responses schema score secondary selected sentence skills social sound spelling standards story strategies structure suggested survey Table teaching theory third understanding University values vocabulary whole word wall writing York young