Joanna, 164 Controlled by !
favorites of humble origin, 168.
His interview with Louis XI. on
the banks of the Bidassoa, 171;
the consequences, 171. Nobles
league against, 172. His breach
of faith with the confederates,
174. Deposed near the city of
Avila, 175. His recourse to
negotiation, 177. Disbands his
forces, 178. Not present in
person at the action of Olmedo,
184. Treaty of, with the con-
federates, 190. Threatens Isa-
bella with imprisonment, 197.
His approbation of the marriage
of Ferdinand and Isabella so-
licited, 205, 208, 212. Opposes
the pretensions of Joanna to
those of Isabella, 211, 239.
Meets French ambassadors, 212.
His interview with Isabella, at
Segovia, 224. His illness and
death, 231, 239. Influence of
his reign, 233, 275.

Henry VII. of England, his re-
ception and entertainment of
Philip and Joanna, iii. 229.
Heresy, punishment of, i. 326, 329,
note, iii. 491, note.
Hermandad,or Holy Brotherhood,
an association in Castile, i. 26.
A confederacy, 186. Establish-
ment of the, 276. Code of the,
277. Opposed by the nobility,
278. Remonstrance against it,
301. Sanctioned in Aragon,
ii. 44. Leyes de la, iii. 472.
Herrera, Antonio de, notice of
him, and his works, ii. 507.
Hispaniola, misconduct of the

colonists at, ii. 459. Mutiny
there, 466. Oppression of the
natives, 466. Columbus for-
bidden to enter the harbor at,
484. Progress of the settlement
there, 486. Liberal grants for
emigration to, 486. Persons
prohibited from going to, 487.
License for private voyages to,
487. Ximenes sends a com-
mission to, iii. 429. Gold drawn
from, 493.
Introduction of
sugar-cane into, 493. See Col-
onies and West Indies.
Holy Brotherhood.
mandad.
Holy League, between Julius II.,
Ferdinand, and Venice, iii. 352.
Horses, laws respecting, iii. 482.
Hospitals, Isabella said to be the
first to institute camp, iii. 201.
House of Trade, ii. 491.
Huejar, sacked, ii. 427.
Humboldt, his "Histoire de la
Géographie du nouveau Con-
tinent," ii. 116, note.

I.

See Her-

Illescas, heroism of, iii. 127.
India House, origin of the, ii. 166.
Indian Affairs, Board of, estab-
lished, ii. 166, 490.
Indians, accompany Columbus to
Spain, ii. 161. Measures for
the conversion of, 163, 168, 495.
Accompany Columbus on his
second return to Spain, 461.
Bigoted views in regard to, 468.
Declared free, 478. Isabella's
zeal for converting them, 495.

Their diminution, 496, iii. 181,
note. Isabella's care for them,
497. Subsequent treatment of
them, 497.

Indies, Council of the, iii. 475.

Revenues from the, 493.
Indulgences, sale of papal, for the
prosecution of the Moorish war,
i. 167.

Infantado, duke of, his style of
living described by Navagiero,
iii. 455, note.

Inglis, his "Spain in 1830," cited,

iii. 485, note.

Inquisition, establishment of the,

i. 325. See Ancient Inquisition
and Modern Inquisition.
Internal improvements in Spain,
iii. 489.

Intolerance, remarks on, ii. 449,
iii. 191. See Toleration.
Irving, Washington, his descrip-
tion of Abdallah, ii. 99, note.
His "Chronicle of the Conquest
of Granada," 108. His " History
of Columbus," 508.
Isabella, the grand-daughter of
John I. of Portugal, her mar-
riage with John II. of Castile,
i. 124. Her death, ii. 352.
Isabella the Catholic, her birth, i.

128, 161. Negotiation for her
union with Carlos, 138, 181.
Further negotiations for her
marriage, 158, note, 179, 180,
181. Her projected union with
the grand master of Calatrava,
179, 181. Her education, 180.
Crown of Castile offered to, 189;
declined, 189. Acknowledged
heir to the crown, 191. Suitors

to, 192, 196. Her marriage with
Ferdinand, 194, 197, 199, 204,
207. Menaced with imprison-
ment, 197. Her critical situation,
200. Her private interview with
Ferdinand, 205. Personal ap-
pearance of, 206, Her preten-
sions opposed to those of
Joanna, 211. Her reliance on
the archbishop of Toledo, 214.
The party of, gains strength,
222. Has an interview with
Henry IV., at Segovia, 224.
Basis of her title to the crown,
237. Proclaimed queen, 239.
Her exertions and success in
raising an army to oppose Ab
fonso of Portugal, 248. Her
thanksgiving for the victory at
Toro, 262. Takes active meas-
ures for the defence of the
western borders, 267. Her
schemes of reform, 275. See
Castile. Her presence of mind
and suppression of the tumults
at Segovia, 280. Her visit to
Seville, 283. Her execution of
justice, 284, 287. Endeavors
to reconcile the families of
Guzman and Ponce de Leon,
285. Her progress through
Andalusia, in 1478, 286. Her
conduct in the case of Alvaro
Yañez de Lugo, 286; of Fred-
erick Henriquez, 302. See Fer-
dinand and Isabella. Makes
her court a nursery of virtue
and generous ambition, 322.
Tendency of her administration
324. State of the Jews at her
accession, 337. Influenced by

550

the bigotry of the age, anecdote,
341. Character of her confessor,
Torquemada, 342. Solicits a
papal bull for the introduction
of the Inquisition into Castile,
344 resorts to milder meas-
ures, 344.
Enforces the papal
bull, 345. Her vigorous meas-
ures in regard to the sieges of
Alhama, 431, 433. Removal
of, to Logroño, 449. Her care
of troops, 483. Her persever-
ance, 484. Her policy towards
the nobles, 485. Her courtesy
to the English lord Scales, 490.
Visits the camp, 492. Her
royal costume, 493. Enforces
the laws, ii. 3. Chastises certain
ecclesiastics, 4. Visits the camp
before Malaga, 23. Establishes
her residence at Jaen, 49. Her
encouragement of her troops
before Baza, 55. Her reception
of the embassy from the sultan
of Egypt, 58. Her communi-
cation with the army interrupted,
62. Energy and patriotic sac-
rifices of, 63. Visits the camp,
64. Her popularity and in-
fluence, 73. Deposes the judges
of chancery, 83. Animates the
troops before Granada, 87.
Surveys the city of Granada,
88. In danger, from the con-
flagration of the Christian camp,
89. Her favorable disposition
towards Columbus, 127. Ac-
knowledgments due to, for aid-
ing Columbus, 132. Finally
consents to the proscription of
the Jews, 137. Her mistaken

piety, 151. Alarmed at the
attempt made on Ferdinand's
life, 155. Her early education,
182. Her collection of books,
184, 185, note. Her solicitude
for the instruction of her chil-
dren, 185; of her son, Prince
John, 185; of the nobles, 189.
Dissatisfied with the proceedings
respecting the succession of
females to the crown, 363. Her
affliction at the loss of her
daughter, 364. Mendoza's ex-
ecutor, 372. Ximenes her con-
fessor, 380. Her attempts to
reform the religious establish-
ments, 383. Offers the see of
Toledo to Ximenes, 386. In-
sulted by the general of the
Franciscans, 393. Consents to
the reform by Ximenes, 395. Her
confidence in Columbus, 462,
468. Sends back Indian slaves,
471. Sends out the com-
missioner, Bobadilla, 471. De-
clares the Indians free, 478, 496;
her zeal for their conversion,
495. Sanctions negro slavery,
495. Her benevolent purposes
in regard to the Indians de-
feated, 496. Takes no part in
the Italian wars, iii. 51. Her ill
health, 51, 93, 97, 99. Her
prediction respecting Charles
V., 61. Her visit to Joanna,
95. Her distress, 95. Her ill-
ness and fortitude, 97, 99, 172.
Her exertions for opposing the
French invasion, 101. Decline
of her health, 171, 175, 182.
Retains her energies, 174

Alarm of the nation, 176. Par-
ticulars of her testament, 176,
177.

Her

Settles the succession,
177. Ferdinand named regent
by her, 178. Her codicil, 180.
Her appointment of a com-
mission for the codification of
the laws, 180. Her zeal for the
conversion of the Indians, 181.
Her signature to the codicil,
182. Her resignation and death,
183, 196, note. Her remains
transported to Granada, 184;
laid in the Alhambra, 185.
The person of, 185. Her man-
ners, 186. Her magnanimity,
188. Her piety, 189.
bigotry, 191, 205. Her strength
of principle, 193. Her practical
sense, 195. Unwearied activity
of, 196. Her courage, 197.
Her sensibility to her family and
friends, 199. Compared with
Elizabeth of England, 202.
Universal homage to her virtues,
207. Bergenroth's aspersions
on her character, 209, note.
Authenticity of her testament
questioned by Philip the Hand-
some, 214, note. Effect of her
death on Columbus, 246. Her
treatment of the church, 456.
Her care of the morals of the

clergy, 458.

Isabella, daughter of Ferdinand

and Isabella, measures for her
union with the dauphin of
France, i. 226; with Alonso, son
of the prince of Portugal, 269.
Accompanies her mother to the
camp, 493. Affianced to Alonso,

heir of the Portuguese mon-
archy, ii. 78, 344. Escorted to
Portugal, 79. Her attachment
to her husband's memory, 346,
347, note. Her union with
Emanuel of Portugal, 346, 356.
Her premature death, 364.
Isabella of Aragon, illustrious and
unfortunate, iii. 44, note.

Italian military tactics, ii. 278.
Italy, the school of politics at the
close of the fifteenth century, ii.
258. Her most powerful states,
259. Character of the politics
of, 263. Its internal prosperity,
264. Intrigues of Sforza in,
264. Alarmed at the invasion
of Charles VIII., 272. Mili-
tary tactics in, 278. Effects of
the news of the league of
Venice on, 291. Influence of
the war there, on Spain, 338.
Louis XII.'s designs on, iii. 4.
Politics of, 4. Conquests in, 5.
Astonishment of, at the partition
of Naples, 20. Wars there,
between the French and Span-
iards, 38. Favors the Spaniards,
39.
Chivalrous character of
the war there, 46. Melancholy
condition of, 109. Views of the
states of, 113. Anxious expec-
tation of, during the battle of
the Garigliano, 129. Invaded
by Louis XII., 348. Aban-
doned by the French, 359.

J.

Jealousy, the cause of the revolu-
tion in Granada, i. 442.

Jews, retrospective view of, in
Spain, i. 330. Condition of,
under the Arabs, 331; under
the Castilians, 333. Persecution
of, 334, 335, 346. Legislative
enactments respecting, 336.
Their state at the accession of
Isabella, 337. Charges brought
against them, 339. Proofs ad-
mitted against, 346. Excite-
ment against them, ii. 134.
Clergy foment the excitement,
135. Various offences urged
against, 136. Torquemada's
violent conduct respecting, 136.
Isabella's feelings towards them,
137. Edict for their expulsion,
137, 148; its severe operation,
138. Their constancy, 141.
Their departure, 142. Treat-
ment of them in Portugal, 142.
Their sufferings in Africa, 143;
in Italy, 144. Eminent and
learned men among the exiled,
145, note. Whole number of,
exiled, 146. Disastrous results
of their expulsion, 147. Motives
of the edict, 149. Contemporary
judgments on them elsewhere,
150. Banished from Portugal,
356. Prohibited from going to
the New World, 487.

Joan, her marriage with John of
Aragon, i. 131. Her deport-
ment towards Carlos, 132, 138.
Is besieged at Estella, 133.
Gives birth to Ferdinand the
Catholic, 133. Forbidden to
enter Barcelona, 141. Seeks
refuge in Gerona, 147. Besieges
Rosas, and joins Prince Ferdi-

nand, before Gerona, 155. Her
death, 156.

Joanna, a Portuguese princess
sister of Alfonso V., married to
Henry IV. of Castile, i. 164.
Her gayety; the consequent
suspicions, 165, 237, note. The
mother of Joanna, commonly
called Beltraneja, 173. To be
divorced, 190. Her death;
remarks on her character, 238,
note.

Joanna Beltraneja, daughter of
Joanna, wife of Henry IV. of
Castile, i. 173. Supported by
a fraction of the royal party,
195. Affianced to the duke
of Guienne, 212, 213, note.
Guienne dies, and other nego-
tiations take place, 222. Foun-
dation of the popular belief of
her illegitimacy, 237, note. Her
pretensions to the crown con-
sidered, 238. Partisans of, 243.
Supported by Alfonso of Por-
tugal, 244; measures in regard
to her marrying him, 247. The
veil taken by her, 269, 270.
Her proposed marriage with
Francis Phoebus, 448. Further
remarks respecting her, ii. 344.
Her death, 345, note. The re-
port respecting Ferdinand's
proposed union with, iii. 222,
note.

Joanna, daughter of Ferdinand
and Isabella, and mother of
Charles V., i. 449. Proposition
for the marriage of, with Francis
Phoebus, king of Navarre, 449.
Her birth, ii. 343. Her mar-