Joanna, 164 Controlled by ! favorites of humble origin, 168. His interview with Louis XI. on the banks of the Bidassoa, 171; the consequences, 171. Nobles league against, 172. His breach of faith with the confederates, 174. Deposed near the city of Avila, 175. His recourse to negotiation, 177. Disbands his forces, 178. Not present in person at the action of Olmedo, 184. Treaty of, with the con- federates, 190. Threatens Isa- bella with imprisonment, 197. His approbation of the marriage of Ferdinand and Isabella so- licited, 205, 208, 212. Opposes the pretensions of Joanna to those of Isabella, 211, 239. Meets French ambassadors, 212. His interview with Isabella, at Segovia, 224. His illness and death, 231, 239. Influence of his reign, 233, 275.
Henry VII. of England, his re- ception and entertainment of Philip and Joanna, iii. 229. Heresy, punishment of, i. 326, 329, note, iii. 491, note. Hermandad,or Holy Brotherhood, an association in Castile, i. 26. A confederacy, 186. Establish- ment of the, 276. Code of the, 277. Opposed by the nobility, 278. Remonstrance against it, 301. Sanctioned in Aragon, ii. 44. Leyes de la, iii. 472. Herrera, Antonio de, notice of him, and his works, ii. 507. Hispaniola, misconduct of the
colonists at, ii. 459. Mutiny there, 466. Oppression of the natives, 466. Columbus for- bidden to enter the harbor at, 484. Progress of the settlement there, 486. Liberal grants for emigration to, 486. Persons prohibited from going to, 487. License for private voyages to, 487. Ximenes sends a com- mission to, iii. 429. Gold drawn from, 493. Introduction of sugar-cane into, 493. See Col- onies and West Indies. Holy Brotherhood. mandad. Holy League, between Julius II., Ferdinand, and Venice, iii. 352. Horses, laws respecting, iii. 482. Hospitals, Isabella said to be the first to institute camp, iii. 201. House of Trade, ii. 491. Huejar, sacked, ii. 427. Humboldt, his "Histoire de la Géographie du nouveau Con- tinent," ii. 116, note.
Illescas, heroism of, iii. 127. India House, origin of the, ii. 166. Indian Affairs, Board of, estab- lished, ii. 166, 490. Indians, accompany Columbus to Spain, ii. 161. Measures for the conversion of, 163, 168, 495. Accompany Columbus on his second return to Spain, 461. Bigoted views in regard to, 468. Declared free, 478. Isabella's zeal for converting them, 495.
Their diminution, 496, iii. 181, note. Isabella's care for them, 497. Subsequent treatment of them, 497.
Indies, Council of the, iii. 475.
Revenues from the, 493. Indulgences, sale of papal, for the prosecution of the Moorish war, i. 167.
Infantado, duke of, his style of living described by Navagiero, iii. 455, note.
Inglis, his "Spain in 1830," cited,
Inquisition, establishment of the,
i. 325. See Ancient Inquisition and Modern Inquisition. Internal improvements in Spain, iii. 489.
Intolerance, remarks on, ii. 449, iii. 191. See Toleration. Irving, Washington, his descrip- tion of Abdallah, ii. 99, note. His "Chronicle of the Conquest of Granada," 108. His " History of Columbus," 508. Isabella, the grand-daughter of John I. of Portugal, her mar- riage with John II. of Castile, i. 124. Her death, ii. 352. Isabella the Catholic, her birth, i.
128, 161. Negotiation for her union with Carlos, 138, 181. Further negotiations for her marriage, 158, note, 179, 180, 181. Her projected union with the grand master of Calatrava, 179, 181. Her education, 180. Crown of Castile offered to, 189; declined, 189. Acknowledged heir to the crown, 191. Suitors
to, 192, 196. Her marriage with Ferdinand, 194, 197, 199, 204, 207. Menaced with imprison- ment, 197. Her critical situation, 200. Her private interview with Ferdinand, 205. Personal ap- pearance of, 206, Her preten- sions opposed to those of Joanna, 211. Her reliance on the archbishop of Toledo, 214. The party of, gains strength, 222. Has an interview with Henry IV., at Segovia, 224. Basis of her title to the crown, 237. Proclaimed queen, 239. Her exertions and success in raising an army to oppose Ab fonso of Portugal, 248. Her thanksgiving for the victory at Toro, 262. Takes active meas- ures for the defence of the western borders, 267. Her schemes of reform, 275. See Castile. Her presence of mind and suppression of the tumults at Segovia, 280. Her visit to Seville, 283. Her execution of justice, 284, 287. Endeavors to reconcile the families of Guzman and Ponce de Leon, 285. Her progress through Andalusia, in 1478, 286. Her conduct in the case of Alvaro Yañez de Lugo, 286; of Fred- erick Henriquez, 302. See Fer- dinand and Isabella. Makes her court a nursery of virtue and generous ambition, 322. Tendency of her administration 324. State of the Jews at her accession, 337. Influenced by
the bigotry of the age, anecdote, 341. Character of her confessor, Torquemada, 342. Solicits a papal bull for the introduction of the Inquisition into Castile, 344 resorts to milder meas- ures, 344. Enforces the papal bull, 345. Her vigorous meas- ures in regard to the sieges of Alhama, 431, 433. Removal of, to Logroño, 449. Her care of troops, 483. Her persever- ance, 484. Her policy towards the nobles, 485. Her courtesy to the English lord Scales, 490. Visits the camp, 492. Her royal costume, 493. Enforces the laws, ii. 3. Chastises certain ecclesiastics, 4. Visits the camp before Malaga, 23. Establishes her residence at Jaen, 49. Her encouragement of her troops before Baza, 55. Her reception of the embassy from the sultan of Egypt, 58. Her communi- cation with the army interrupted, 62. Energy and patriotic sac- rifices of, 63. Visits the camp, 64. Her popularity and in- fluence, 73. Deposes the judges of chancery, 83. Animates the troops before Granada, 87. Surveys the city of Granada, 88. In danger, from the con- flagration of the Christian camp, 89. Her favorable disposition towards Columbus, 127. Ac- knowledgments due to, for aid- ing Columbus, 132. Finally consents to the proscription of the Jews, 137. Her mistaken
piety, 151. Alarmed at the attempt made on Ferdinand's life, 155. Her early education, 182. Her collection of books, 184, 185, note. Her solicitude for the instruction of her chil- dren, 185; of her son, Prince John, 185; of the nobles, 189. Dissatisfied with the proceedings respecting the succession of females to the crown, 363. Her affliction at the loss of her daughter, 364. Mendoza's ex- ecutor, 372. Ximenes her con- fessor, 380. Her attempts to reform the religious establish- ments, 383. Offers the see of Toledo to Ximenes, 386. In- sulted by the general of the Franciscans, 393. Consents to the reform by Ximenes, 395. Her confidence in Columbus, 462, 468. Sends back Indian slaves, 471. Sends out the com- missioner, Bobadilla, 471. De- clares the Indians free, 478, 496; her zeal for their conversion, 495. Sanctions negro slavery, 495. Her benevolent purposes in regard to the Indians de- feated, 496. Takes no part in the Italian wars, iii. 51. Her ill health, 51, 93, 97, 99. Her prediction respecting Charles V., 61. Her visit to Joanna, 95. Her distress, 95. Her ill- ness and fortitude, 97, 99, 172. Her exertions for opposing the French invasion, 101. Decline of her health, 171, 175, 182. Retains her energies, 174
Alarm of the nation, 176. Par- ticulars of her testament, 176, 177.
Settles the succession, 177. Ferdinand named regent by her, 178. Her codicil, 180. Her appointment of a com- mission for the codification of the laws, 180. Her zeal for the conversion of the Indians, 181. Her signature to the codicil, 182. Her resignation and death, 183, 196, note. Her remains transported to Granada, 184; laid in the Alhambra, 185. The person of, 185. Her man- ners, 186. Her magnanimity, 188. Her piety, 189. bigotry, 191, 205. Her strength of principle, 193. Her practical sense, 195. Unwearied activity of, 196. Her courage, 197. Her sensibility to her family and friends, 199. Compared with Elizabeth of England, 202. Universal homage to her virtues, 207. Bergenroth's aspersions on her character, 209, note. Authenticity of her testament questioned by Philip the Hand- some, 214, note. Effect of her death on Columbus, 246. Her treatment of the church, 456. Her care of the morals of the
Isabella, daughter of Ferdinand
and Isabella, measures for her union with the dauphin of France, i. 226; with Alonso, son of the prince of Portugal, 269. Accompanies her mother to the camp, 493. Affianced to Alonso,
heir of the Portuguese mon- archy, ii. 78, 344. Escorted to Portugal, 79. Her attachment to her husband's memory, 346, 347, note. Her union with Emanuel of Portugal, 346, 356. Her premature death, 364. Isabella of Aragon, illustrious and unfortunate, iii. 44, note.
Italian military tactics, ii. 278. Italy, the school of politics at the close of the fifteenth century, ii. 258. Her most powerful states, 259. Character of the politics of, 263. Its internal prosperity, 264. Intrigues of Sforza in, 264. Alarmed at the invasion of Charles VIII., 272. Mili- tary tactics in, 278. Effects of the news of the league of Venice on, 291. Influence of the war there, on Spain, 338. Louis XII.'s designs on, iii. 4. Politics of, 4. Conquests in, 5. Astonishment of, at the partition of Naples, 20. Wars there, between the French and Span- iards, 38. Favors the Spaniards, 39. Chivalrous character of the war there, 46. Melancholy condition of, 109. Views of the states of, 113. Anxious expec- tation of, during the battle of the Garigliano, 129. Invaded by Louis XII., 348. Aban- doned by the French, 359.
Jealousy, the cause of the revolu- tion in Granada, i. 442.
Jews, retrospective view of, in Spain, i. 330. Condition of, under the Arabs, 331; under the Castilians, 333. Persecution of, 334, 335, 346. Legislative enactments respecting, 336. Their state at the accession of Isabella, 337. Charges brought against them, 339. Proofs ad- mitted against, 346. Excite- ment against them, ii. 134. Clergy foment the excitement, 135. Various offences urged against, 136. Torquemada's violent conduct respecting, 136. Isabella's feelings towards them, 137. Edict for their expulsion, 137, 148; its severe operation, 138. Their constancy, 141. Their departure, 142. Treat- ment of them in Portugal, 142. Their sufferings in Africa, 143; in Italy, 144. Eminent and learned men among the exiled, 145, note. Whole number of, exiled, 146. Disastrous results of their expulsion, 147. Motives of the edict, 149. Contemporary judgments on them elsewhere, 150. Banished from Portugal, 356. Prohibited from going to the New World, 487.
Joan, her marriage with John of Aragon, i. 131. Her deport- ment towards Carlos, 132, 138. Is besieged at Estella, 133. Gives birth to Ferdinand the Catholic, 133. Forbidden to enter Barcelona, 141. Seeks refuge in Gerona, 147. Besieges Rosas, and joins Prince Ferdi-
nand, before Gerona, 155. Her death, 156.
Joanna, a Portuguese princess sister of Alfonso V., married to Henry IV. of Castile, i. 164. Her gayety; the consequent suspicions, 165, 237, note. The mother of Joanna, commonly called Beltraneja, 173. To be divorced, 190. Her death; remarks on her character, 238, note.
Joanna Beltraneja, daughter of Joanna, wife of Henry IV. of Castile, i. 173. Supported by a fraction of the royal party, 195. Affianced to the duke of Guienne, 212, 213, note. Guienne dies, and other nego- tiations take place, 222. Foun- dation of the popular belief of her illegitimacy, 237, note. Her pretensions to the crown con- sidered, 238. Partisans of, 243. Supported by Alfonso of Por- tugal, 244; measures in regard to her marrying him, 247. The veil taken by her, 269, 270. Her proposed marriage with Francis Phoebus, 448. Further remarks respecting her, ii. 344. Her death, 345, note. The re- port respecting Ferdinand's proposed union with, iii. 222, note.
Joanna, daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella, and mother of Charles V., i. 449. Proposition for the marriage of, with Francis Phoebus, king of Navarre, 449. Her birth, ii. 343. Her mar-
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