MISCELLANEOUS.

DISSOLUTION OR SUSPENSION OF THE SOCIETY will not tire until it has achieved the universal FOR THE DIFFUSION OF USEFUL KNOWLEDGE.-education of the people. As employed in effectThe act effecting the above, which we intimated ing their object by printed publications, which to the public above a month ago, has now been are principally addressed to those who have reofficially announced by the committee, which has ceived some mental culture, they have always issued a printed address on the occasion. In this, felt that the door of communication between them a review of their operations during twenty years, and large masses of the community was but a since the foundation in 1826, is put forth, and very little way open. But they have the satismuch merit is claimed for the political, religious, faction of seeing and knowing that at least there and educational fruits produced by them, and also is now no further obstacle to those who have for the improvement in publishing cheap books. made the first step, and of feeling that they have The great scheme of the " Biographical Diction- been instrumental in removing the subsequent ary" is (as we always said it must be) abandoned; hindrance. The time is coming, they trust, when and the subscribers must be content with the let-all will act upon what most now see, namely, finished in seven half-volumes, and which that knowledge, though it adds power to evil, at its pace must have taken far more than half-a-adds tenfold power to good; when there shall be century to complete. A loss of nearly 5000l. oc- no part of the community on which this maxim curred on this letter: it would have been a pret- shall not have been verified; and when the Soty sum when the alphabet came to z! A contin-ciety for the Diffusiou of Useful Knowledge shall gent hope is held out (a hopeless hope, we fear) be co-extensive with society itself.”—Literary that the publication may be resumed."

ter ▲,

Gazette.

The address proceeds to say :-"With respect to the Society, however, the failure of the 'Bio- INDIAN VOCABULARY.--To assist such of our graphical Dictionary,' though one of the circum-readers as may be occasionally at a loss in readstances which have led to its present situation, is ing the Indian news, from ignorance of the lanonly to be considered in that light in connection guage, we subjoin the meaning of a few words with another of a more material, and much more most commonly in use in the newspapers :gratifying, character. The Society's work is Baboo-a Hindoo title, answering to our Esquire; done, for its greatest object is achieved-fully, begum--princess; a bungalo-a cottage made of fairly, and permanently. The public is supplied bamboo and mats, with proj cting thatched roof; with cheap and good literature to an extent which coolie-a porter; coss-about two miles; cumthe most sanguine friend of human improvement berland-a sash; cutlaw-a magistrate; dakcould not, in 1826, have hoped to have witnessed the post; decoit-a river pirate; dewan-a in twenty ye›rs. The powerful contributors to prime minister, and sometimes an agent; dhoobe this great object, who have been taught by the-a letter; dooab-a tract of country between Society how to work without the Society, may almost be reckoned by the hundred, and there is hardly a country in Europe, from Russia to Spain, which has not seen the Society's publications in its own language, and felt their influence on its own system of production.

two rivers; dustoor-custom; durbar-the court or council; faki-a religious mendicant; feringee -a European; firman- a royal order; ghat-in the east, a landing place-in the west and south, a pass of a mountain, or a mountain range; guicwar-a sovereign; havildar-an officer in the "In conclusion, the committee congratulate all army; hooka-a pipe; houdah-a seat on an elewho feel as they do upon the spirit of improve-phant; hurkaru-messenger; jaghire-an estate ment now so actively displayed, and trust that it assigned by Government; jungle-a thicket;

*

khelat-an honorary dress; lac-one hundred bread (but especially the poor) should be made
thousand; maharajah-a great king; marabout-acquainted with these truths, and brought to in-
a holy man; mahout-an elephant driver; mehur quire whether they do not purchase at too dear a
-a gold coin, worth sixteen rupees in Bengal; rate the privilege of indulging in the use of it.
musnud-a throne; nullah-a brook, or small The unwise preference given so universally to
branch of a river; nuzzar-an offering; paddy- white bread led to the pernicious practice of mix-
rice in the husk; pagoda-Indian temple; peish- ing alum with the flour, and this again to all sorts
wa-sovereign; peon-messenger; pice-a small of adulterations and impositions; for it enabled
copper coin; punjaub-five rivers; rance-a bakers, who were so disposed, by adding more
princess; ryut-a peasant; sahib-lord; saces- and more alum, to make bread made from the
a groom; sepoys-native troops in the British flour of an inferior grain look like the best or the
service; serai-Mussulman place of rest for trav-most costly, and to dispose of it accordingly; at
ellers; serang-a master of a vessel; singh—a once defrauding the purchaser, and tampering
lion; sircar a head man or minister; suddur with his health. It is one of the advantages of
adawlut, and suddar dewannee-courts of justice; the effervescing process, that it would put an end
subahdar-officer of the highest rank in the army; to all such practices, as its materials and alum are
vakeel-an envoy; vedas-the hindoo scriptures; incompatible.
wuzeer--prime minister; zemindar--the holder
of a zemindary, or province. A crore of rupees
is a hundred lacs. A rupee is about two shillings.
A pice is about the 12th of an anna, or the 192nd
part of a rupee.

"Among the matters removed by the miller are the larger portion of the saline substances, which are indispensable to the growth of the bones and teeth, and are required, although in a less degree, for their daily repair. Brown bread should, therefore, be given to nurses, and to the young or the growing, and should be preferred by all, of whatever age, whose bones show a tendency to bend, or who have weak teeth. It is believed that brown bread will generally be found the best by all persons who have sluggish bowels, and stomachs equal to the digestion of the bran. But with some it will disagree, for the bran is too exciting to irritable bowels, and is dissolved with difficulty in some stomachs. When this happens, the bran should be removed, either wholly or in part; and by such means the bread may be adapted, with the greatest ease, to all habits and all constitutions."-Literary Gazette.

WHOLESOME UNFERMENTED BREAD.-Thirty years ago Dr. Thomas Thomson, the very able professor of chemistry in Glasgow, recommended a process for making wholesome bread different from that prod.ced by the common practice of what is called "raising it" through the means of fermentation, which only subserves the purpose of generating carbonic acid. Instead of this, the doctor showed how much better bread could be made by employing certain proportions of carbonate of soda and muriatic acid; and the advice he then gave had considerable effect upon the public. But, like too many useful things, it seems to have been lost sight of and abandoned, and old habits to have prevailed in this most essential preparation of human food. A little pamphlet, by A Physician" (Taylor and Walton), has-1. All names ending in an' have the accent just issued from the press, renewing the instruc- on the last syllable, and the 'an' is sounded like tions and earnestly impressing the value of the the Scotch ah, or nearly aw, thus Moultan is pro change, which we cordially approve. Among nounced Multawn. The same remark applies to the interesting incidental matter touched upon, words terminating in ab'-thus the river Chenab that which refers to brown bread seems to us to is sounded Chunawb with the first syllable rapiddeserve the attention of every family in the em-ly uttered, and the full weight of the sound on pire. 'Punjab' is another illustration. 2. Compounds of the words Feroze have the accent on the syllable oze,' not on 'poor' or shah' as one often hears it. Ferozepoor must be uttered in three syllables. 3. I' has the sound of 'ee Sikh is pronounced' Seek,' not Sheek nor Syke.

PRONUNCIATION OF INDIAN PROPER NAMES.

the aub.'

·

"It may not be out of place to observe, that mistaken notions respecting the quality of different sorts of bread have given rise to much waste in another way. The general belief is, that bread made with the finest flour is the best, and that whiteness is the proof of its quality; but both these opinions are popular errors. The whiteness may be, and generally is, communicated by INCREASING STRENGTH OF THE BRITISH NAVY. alum, to the injury of the consumer; and it is-According to the late official returns, it appears known by men of science, that the bread of unre- there are upwards of 100 ships of war now buildfined flour will sustain life, while that made withing at our different arsenals, among which are no the refined will not. Keep a man on brown bread and water, and he will live and enjoy good health; give him white bread and water only, and he will gradually sicken and die. The meal of which the first is made contains all the ingredients essential to the composit on or nourishment of the various structures composing our bodies. Some of these ingredien s are removed by the miller in his efforts to please the public; so that fipe flour, instead of being better than the meal, is the least nourishing; and, to make the case worse, it is also the most difficult of digestion. The loss is, therefore, in all respects, a waste; and it seems desirable that the admirers of white

less than 35 steam frigates and other war steamers; four 36 gun frigates; ten 50 gun frigates; ten ships of the line, averaging from 80 to 84 guns each-viz., the Agamemnon, the Colossus, the Irresistible, the Majestic, the Meeanee, the Brunswick, the Cressy, the Lion, the Mars, and the San Pariel; six ships of the line of 90 guns each-viz the Aboukir, the Exmouth, the Princess Royal, the Algiers, the Hannibal, and the St Jean d'Acre; six ships of the line, first-rates, of 110 guns each-viz, the Marlborough, the Royal Fr derick, the Victoria, the Prince of Wales, the Royal Sovereign, and the Windsor Castle; and lastly, the Royal Albert, of 120 guns.

DETACHED THOUGHTS; FROM JEAN PAUL performed even one, can never be wholly despiRICHTER. A true comforter must often take cable. away from the mourner all ordinary topics of consolation, and lead him where only the highest can be of any avail.

A perpetual calm would hinder the fructification of flowers. Let this console us under suffering.

The involuntary sanctification in our minds of the dead--wherefore? whence? Not from a life-long absence merely; for then a voyage to America would produce it. It is rather the idea of the change in the departed, the putting off of his body, his novel circumstances, his new relations, whence he looks down upon all here as earthly.

Memory is the highest gift; we do not feel it to be so, because we only partially lose it, and generally retain it in great things; but let a man every moment forget others, and then see what he would be. We are the creatures of the past, therefore, of memory. To deprive us of memory, would be to thrust us naked, destitute, into the mere present, only the moment after to strip us of memory again.

It is our eyes, and not the microscope, that deceives us. It could not create or show what is not. The earth may be infinitely greater.

Let a man be ever so much upon his guard against a flatterer, there are still a few points at which he is accessible.

A man, in the enjoyment of any pleasure, may have only a delight of the senses; but he who beholds that man's enjoyment with a sympathizing eye, has a heart-delight.

He who has about ten things a single original unhackneyed thought, has many such about a hundred things.

A good action shines out upon us in the deceased-it is the precious stone which the Mexi cans place amid the ashes of the dead, that it may ture, his knowledge that he has these contradic

represent the heart.

It is one in the contradictions of man's na

tions.

other time can become infinite or totalized.
from a room full of air, but from the whole height
of the atmosphere, is the ethereal blue of heaven
formed.

He who is not growing wiser has never been

There are persons who, endowed with a higher sense, but with weaker powers than active talent, recive in their soul the great world-spirit, whether in outward life, or in the inner life of fiction and of thought, who remain true and faith-wise. ful to it, as the tender wife to the strong man, but who, when they would express their love, can only utter broken sounds, or speak otherwise than they wish. If the man of talent may be called the merry imitative ape of genius, these are the silent, serious, upright woodmen, to whom fate has denied the power of speech. If, as the Indians think, the animals are the dumb of the earth, these are the dumb of heaven.

The spirit is as invisible as its speech, but what does there not lie of all that is lofty, all that is life, in a single word? Is it lost when the air on which it has been wafted has passed away?

We speak of life being taken, when it is only years that are taken.

There is something so great in a single good action, that the man who, in his whole life, has

He who in his sphere, however circumscribed, perfects, as far as in him lies, all duty and all self-denial, not merely in doing, but in abstaining, needs for his growth in virtue no extraordinary circumstance, no unusual occasion; should such arrive, it finds his already grown.

He who has not courage enough to be a fool in bis own way, will scarcely have sufficient to be wise in his own way.

How pensive we are made by a beautiful night by lovely scenery-by the sound of music-by reflection on the infinite-by the shadowy-tinted cliffs of the future'

The greatest sorrow is the loss of the beloved by a death not preceded by illness, or, which is one and the same thing, by death taking place while at a distance from us.