Caravan. Persian. Merchants traveling together in companies, by troops.

Carbonaro. Ital.—Literally, a "charcoal-burner." A member of a secret society of Italy; it is applied by analogy to the extreme partisans of pure democracy, an ultra-democrat. The plural is carbonari. N.B. In the wooded districts of the Abruzzi, a secluded and romantic region of Italy, the manufacture of charcoal goes on; and from the name of the charcoal-burners, the noted sect of the CARBONARI took their appellation, originating here and in Calabria.

Carebant quia vate sacro. Lat. HORACE.-"[The names of these illustrious men are unknown to posterity] because they were withoutthey were not blessed with-a sacred or divine poet to hand them down to posterity; in other words, because they had no poet to perpetuate them, or because

'No bard had they to make all time their own.'

"The public mind is sometimes highly sensible of philological propriety, and has, therefore, endeavored to designate the Pseudo-gentleman [the GENT] by some other title than gentleman; which latter it saw was ́ an abuse of terms; hence the words dandy, Corinthian, swell, exquisite, &c. But some high literary authority was wanted to record the change in lasting print; and, in the absence of such authority, no one of these words has been universally adopted, carebant quia vate sacro.' "" N.B. A gentleman may be defined as a man of unimpeachable honor and gallantry, of dignified carriage, spotless reputation, a high mind, liberal views, and a goodly education.

Caret periculo, qui etiam tutus cavet. Lat. PUBLIUS SYRUS."He who, even when safe, is on his guard, is most free from danger.' A proverb which well illustrates the advantages arising from vigilance, watchfulness, being "wide awake."

Caricature. From the Ital. Caricatura. A portrait made uglier than the natural figure.

Carior est illis homo quam sibi. Lat. JUVENAL.-"Man is dearer to them [the gods] than to himself." "To talk of the omnipotence of prayer, and of mocking or being mocked, unless we expect an answer to our prayers, is changing places, and putting GOD into the hands of man, instead of leaving ourselves, with pious confidence, in the hands of GOD. It might be expected of the Christian that he should feel at least as solemnly as the Roman satirist, Carior est illis homo quam sibi."

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Carpe diem, quam minimum credula postero. Lat. HoRace.— "Enjoy the present day, as distrusting that which is to follow." This is one of the maxims of the Epicurean school, which recommended, but no doubt unwisely, the immediate enjoyment of pleasure in preference to remote speculation. N.B. Addressed by the poet to a woman, which accounts for "credula." Enjoy the present, whatsoever it be, and be not solicitous for the future; for if you take your foot from the present standing, and thrust it forward towards to-morrow's event, you are in a restless condition: it is like refusing to quench your present thirst by fearing you shall want drink the next day. If it be well to-day, it is madness to make the present miserable by fearing it may be ill to-morrow: when your belly

is full of to-day's dinner, to fear you shall want the next day's supper; for it may be you shall not, and then to what purpose was this day's affliction? But if to-morrow you shall want, your sorrow will come time enough, though you do not hasten it: let your trouble tarry till its own day comes. But if it chance to be ill to-day, do not increase it by the care of to-morrow. Enjoy the blessings of this day, if God send them, and the evils of it bear patiently and sweetly; for this day is only ours: we are dead to yesterday, and we are not yet born to the morrow. He, therefore, that enjoys the present if it be good, enjoys as much as possible; and if only that day's trouble leans upon him, it is singular and finite. 'Sufficient to the day (said Christ) is the evil thereof:' sufficient but not intolerable. But if we look abroad, and bring into one day's thought the evil of many, certain and uncertain, what will be and what will never be, our load will be as intolerable as it is unreasonable.". Jeremy Taylor.

"Let to-morrow take care of to-morrow,

Leave the things of the future to fate:
What's the use to anticipate sorrow?
Life's troubles come never too late.

If to hope overmuch be an error,

'Tis one that the wise have preferred;
And how often have hearts been in terror
Of evils-that never occurred!

"Have faith, and thy faith shall sustain thee-
Permit not suspicion and care

With invisible bonds to enchain thee,
But bear what God gives thee to bear;
By His Spirit supported and gladdened,
Be ne'er by forebodings' deterred;
But think how oft hearts have been saddened
By fear of what never occurred!

"Let to-morrow take care of to-morrow;

Short and dark as our life may appear,
We may make it still darker by sorrow-
Still shorter by folly and fear!

Half our troubles are half our invention,
And often from blessings conferred

Have we shrunk in the wild apprehension
Of evils-that never occurred!"

Carte. Fr.-The "bill of fare."

C. SWAIN.

Carte blanche. Fr.-"Every department of the Government had a carte blanche for every thing that might be thought necessary for the apprehended war:" that is to say, had power to act according to their own discretion, unlimited power for every thing, &c. N.B. "Carte blanche" means a blank sheet of paper, paper unwritten on.

Carte du pays. Fr.-The "map of the country.'

Cartel. Fr.-A "cartel" is a writing, or agreement, between states at war, for the exchange of prisoners, or for some mutual advantage; also, a vessel employed to convey the messenger on such occasions.

Cartesian.-A follower of the philosopher DES CARTES: also, relating to DES CARTES, as, "The Cartesian system has a tendency to spiritualize body and its qualities."

Casa de pupilos. Span.-A "boarding-house."

Cashier. From the Fr. "casser," to render void. Hence cashier, to discard, dismiss from an office. This word must not be confounded with cashier, one who has charge of cash. From the same root JOHNSON derives quash, when it signifies to annul.

Casta ad virum matrona parendo imperat. Lat. PUBLIUS SYRUS.

Or

"How gently glides the marriage life away,

When she who rules still seems but to obey!" "Obey your husband at whatever cost,

And he will ne'er suspect you rule the roast." Caste.-Tribe, breed, from the Portuguese word casta, a breed. The Hindoo religion divides the people into castes.

Castrant alios, ut libros suos, per se graciles, alieno adipe suffarciant. Lat. Jovius. "They castrate the books of other men, in order that with the fat of their works they may lard their own lean volumes." Applied to plagiarists, in whose works whatever is good is found to be stolen.

Casus belli. Lat.-"A plea for going to war.”

Casus foederis. Lat.-"A case of conspiracy."

Casus interventionis. Lat.-"A case calling for intervention [coming between parties], plea for interference."

Casus necessitatis. Lat.-"A case of necessity, desperate extremity."

Casus provisus. Lat.-"A case for which provision has been made,- -case that has been foreseen, anticipated."

Casus, quem saepe transit, aliquando invenit. Lat. prov."Him whom chance frequently passes over, it at some time finds." The continuance of good fortune forms no ground for ultimate security.

Catalogue raisonné. Fr.-A catalogue with proofs, illustrations, or literary notices. N.B. "Raisonné" is nearly always spelt with two e's instead of one by English persons who use the above expression; this is incorrect, as the French word "catalogue" is of the masculine gender.

Catamaran. A small boat, or rather a log of wood, on which some of the natives of the Coromandel coast traverse the sea. There is much communication between the shipping and the shore at Madras by means of these small craft.

Cattiva è quella lana, che non si puo tingere.. Ital. prov."Tis a bad cloth, indeed, that will take no color."

Caucus. An American slang term, signifying an assembly of some of the members of Congress.

Caudae pilos equinae paulatim vellere. Lat. prov.-"To pluck out the hairs of a horse's tail by little and little, by degrees." "Pull hair and hair, and you'll make the carle bald."

Causa causans. Lat.-"The Great First Cause: the Supreme Being." "Whether we look to our own consciousness, or to our acquaintance with the opinions of others, we feel and witness nc revolt

against the possible existence of a superior power, the causa causans, by whose extraordinary interposition the old laws of nature may be either temporarily suspended, or permanently changed."

Causa et origo est materia negotii. Lat. Law maxim.-"The cause and beginning is the matter of the business." Every man has a right to enter into a tavern, and every lord to distrain his tenants' beasts; but if in the former case a riot ensues, or if in the latter the landlord kills the distress, the law will infer that they entered for these purposes, and deem them trespassers from the beginning.

Causa latet, vis est notissima. Lat. OVID.-"The cause is secret, but the effect is known."

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-Causam hanc justam esse animum inducite,

Ut aliqua pars laboris minuatur mihi. Lat. TERENCE.—
'Write, correspondents, write, whene'er you will;
"Twill save me trouble, and my paper

fill."

A suggestion to correspondents of newspapers, and contributors to periodicals.

Cause célèbre. Fr.-"A celebrated or remarkable trial in a Court of Justice."

Causeries. Fr.-"Familiar conversations, chat, chit-chat."
Cautus enim metuit foveam lupus, accipiterque
Suspectos laqueos, et opertum milvius hamum.

Lat. HORACE."The wolf once cautioned by experience dreads the pitfall, the hawk suspects the snare, and the kite the covered hook." Even animals learn to avoid that by which they retain a sense of having been injured. N.B. In using the word "milvius" [a kite] in this passage, the poet alludes to a species of fish, living on prey, and sometimes, for the sake of obtaining food, darting up from the water like the flying-fish when pursued by its foe.

Caval non morire, che erba de venire. Ital. prov.—“While the grass grows, the steed starves."

Cavallo corriente sepoltura aperta. Ital. prov.-"“A running horse is an open sepulcher."

Cavallo que bueta, no quiere espuela. Span. prov.—“Do not spur a free horse."

Cavar un chiodo e piantar una cavicchia. Ital. prov.-" To dig up a nail, and plant a pin." To cut down an oak, and set up a strawberry. Cave tibi cane muto et aqua silente. Lat. prov.-"Be on your guard against a silent dog and still water."

Caveat actor. Lat. Law maxim.-"Let the actor or doer beware." Let him look to the consequences of his own conduct. If a landlord gives an acquittance to his tenant for the rent which is last due, the presumption is that all rent in arrear has been duly discharged.

Caveat creditor. Lat.—“Let the creditor beware, be on his guard." Caveat emtor. Lat.-"Let the buyer, purchaser, beware, be on his guard."

Cavendo tutus. Lat.-"Safe by taking heed, proper care, safe by caution." The motto of the House of CAVENDISH.

Cavendum est ne major poena, quam culpa, sit; et ne iisdem

de causis alii plectantur, alii ne appellentur quidem. Lat. CICERO. -"Care should in all cases be taken that the punishment do not exceed the guilt; and also that some men may not suffer for offenses which, when committed by others, are allowed to pass with impunity."

Caxa de consolidacion. Span.-"The sinking fund."

C'è da fare pur tutto, diceva colui, che ferrava l'occa. Ital. prov. "That's doing something, as the man said who was shoeing a goose." He that will meddle with all things, may go shoe the goslings. C'est à dire. Fr.-"That is to say,-namely,"

C'est bonnet blanc et blanc bonnet. Fr.-"Tis six of one and half a dozen of the other."

C'est de l'argent en barre. Fr.-""Tis as good as ready money." C'est du blé en grenier. Fr.-"Tis as good as money in one's pocket."

C'est du neuf, du tout neuf, qu'il faut créer. Fr.-"'Tis from what is altogether new that we must originate something new."

C'est égal. Fr.-"No matter, 'tis all the same."

C'est folie de béer contre un four. Fr. prov.-"Tis folly to be gaping near an oven." He that gapeth until he be fed, well may he gape until he be dead.

C'est le chemin des passions, qui m'a conduit à la philosophie. Fr. ROUSSEAU. "It is the path of the passions, which has conducted me to philosophy."

C'est le crime qui fait la honte, et non pas l'échafaud. Fr. CORNEILLE."It is the guilt, not the scaffold, which constitutes the shame." These were the last words of the heroine CORDAY, when, by depriving the miscreant MARAT of life, she had rid the earth of a monster.

C'est le fils de la poule blanche. Fr. prov.-"He was born with a silver spoon in his mouth."

C'est le mot de l'énigme. Fr.-"It is the meaning of the riddle [the key to the mystery]."

C'est le père aux écus. Fr.-"He is the father of the crowns." He is the moneyed man.

C'est le refrain de la ballade. Fr.-"The old story over again." C'est le ton qui fait la musique. Fr.-"It is the tone that makes the music." By this it is intimated that as much depends on the tone and manner in which words are employed, on certain occasions, as on the words themselves.

C'est la plus belle rose de son chapeau. Fr.-"It is the best feather in his cap, the best spoke in his wheel, the best gem in his crown."

C'est la prospérité qui donne les amis, mais c'est l'adversité qui les épreuve. Fr.-"It is prosperity that gives us friends, but it is adversity that tries them, that shows us the worth of their professions."

C'est la source des combats des philosophes, dont les uns ont pris à tâche d'élever l'homme en découvrant ses grandeurs, et les autres de l'abaisser en représentant ses misères. Fr. PASCAL.—“The origin of the disputes between philosophers is, that one class