-Surrender of the Garrison-Disposition of the American
Troops on the Hudson-Preparations for attacking Stony
Point-The Negro Spy-Condition of Stony Point-Wayne's
Proposition to storm it-Biography of Wayne-His Momu-
ment-Approach of the Americans to Stony Point-Capture
of Sentinels-Storming of the Fort-Wayne wounded-His
Bravery-Surrender of the Fort-Wayne's laconic Dispatch
-Fort Fayette cannonaded-Relieved by Sir Henry Clinton
-Galley with Ordnance sunk at Caldwell's-Medal awarded
to Wayne-His Popularity-Medal awarded to Colonel De
Fleury-Promised Rewards for the bravest Men-Division
of the Spoils among the Troops-Medal awarded to Major
Stewart
..Page 157-182

CHAPTER VIII

King's Ferry-Jolly old Waterman-Stony Point-Evening
walk toward Haverstraw-" God's Acre"-Benson's Tavern
-Interview with a Builder of Stony Point Fort-View from
Smith's House-Ancient black Walnut-tree-Tarrytown-
Cow-boys and Skinners - Neutral Ground-Place where
Andrè was captured-Journey of Andre and Smith to Crom-
pond-Vigilance of Captain Boyd-Andre's Uneasiness-
Volunteer Expedition against the Cow-boys-Arrest of Andre
-Discovery of Papers in his Stockings-Deposition of David

Williams-Strange Conduct of Colonel Jameson-His Letter

to Arnold-Better Judgment of Colonel Tallmadge-Major

André at Sheldon's Head-quarters-Andre's Letter to Wash

ington-Taken to West Point, thence to Tappan-His Dis-

closures to Tallmadge-His Case and Hale's compared-

Bridge over Sleepy Hollow Creek-Ichabod Crane and the

Headless Horseman-Castle Philipse-Tarrytown Cemetery

-Greenburgh, on the Nepera-Van Wart's Monument-

View of Sunnyside, the Residence of Washington Irving, the

ancient" Wolfert's Roost"-Jacob Van Tassel-The "Roost"

a Castle-Its Garrison-Attack upon and Defense of "the

Roost"-Dobb's Ferry-Old Fort at Dobb's Ferry-The Liv-

ingston Mansion-Rendezvous of the British-The Palisades

-Tappan-Massacre of Baylor's Corps at Tappan-The "76

Stone House," where Andrè was confined-Washington's

Head-quarters-Court of Inquiry in Andrè's Case-The Pris
oner's Conduct-Names of those who composed the Court
--Judge Laurance-Washington's Approval of the Decision
of the Court-Memoir of André-Honora Sneyd Mr. Edge-
worth-Miss Seward-Andre's Death warrant - His Will— ¦
Disposition of his Remains-His Monument-Equity of his
Sentence-Efforts to save him-Embassy of Colonel Ogden |
-Washington vilified-Proposition to Exchange Andrè for
Arnold declined-A Deputation from the British General-
Result of the Efforts to save André- His Letter to Washing-i
ton, asking to be shot-Willis's Paraphrase-Andrè's com.
posure of Mind-Pen-and ink Sketch of himself-Name of
his Executioner-Dr. Thacher's Account of his Execution-
Feelings of the Spectators-The Place of his Death and
Burial-The Captors of Andrè rewarded-Disinterment of
his Remains-Honored by the Duke of York-Desire to se-
cure Arnold-A Plan to abduct him-Its Execution commit-
ted to Major Henry Lee-Sergeant Champe-His Sense of
Honor-Consents to attempt the Abduction of Arnold-His
Desertion favored by Lee-Pursuit of Champe-His Skill in
eluding his Pursuers-Escapes to a British Galley-Sir Henry
Clinton deceived-Champe sent to Arnold-Joins his Legion
-Preparations for carrying off the Traitor-Champe foiled
-Taken by Arnold to Virginia-Escapes, and rejoins his Le-
gion in the Carolinas-Ramapo Valley and Village-Mr. Pier
son-Movements of the two Armies in 1777-Washington's
Perplexities March of the American Army toward the High-
lands-Howe's Destination determined-The Clove - The
Ramapo Pass-March of the allied Armies to Virginia-
Clinton deceived by Washington's Letters-The "Hopper
House" - Patriotism of the Owner - Interesting Relics-
Burr's Head-quarters-Burr at Suffern's-Confusion of the
Militia-Night Attack upon the British Pickets near Hacken-
sack
..183-214

CHAPTER IX.

Departure for the South-Mode of Traveling-Characteristics

of the Journey-Interesting Associations-Perth Amboy-

Its original Settlement and Prospects-Governor William

Franklin-Dunlap's Recollections of military Affairs at Perth

Amboy-Journey to Crosswicks-Missionary Operations

there-The Friends' Meeting house-Mrs. Idell-Borden-

town-Revolutionary Events there-Joseph Bonaparte-

General Dickinson-Trenton-M'Conkey's Ferry, where

Washington crossed the Delaware-Long Bridge-Capture

of Forts Washington and Lee-Retreat of the Americans

across New Jersey-Decrease of the Army-Tardy Move-

ments of General Lee-His Capture-Longevity of the Cap-

tor's Horse-Biography of Lee-His Division commanded by

Sullivan-The Delaware between Washington and Corn-

wallis-Weakness of the American Army-Gloomy Aspect

of Affairs-Putnam in Command at Philadelphia-Reorgan

ization of the Army-Adjournment of Congress to Baltimore

-The Quakers-Howe's Plans-Injudicious Disposition of

the British Troops-Augmentation of Washington's Forces

-Successful Diversion by Putnam in favor of Washington

-The American Army cross the Delaware on Christmas

Night-The Battle in Trenton-Colonel Rall mortally wound-
ed-Capture of the Hessians-Complete Victory of the Amer
icans-Washington's Visit to the dying Rall-Parole of Hon-
or signed by the Hessian Officers-Colonel Rall's fatal Ca-
rousal Names and Signatures of the Hessian Officers at-
tached to the Parole-Retreat of the Enemy from Borden.
town-Their Line of Posts broken up-Good effect of the
Victory at Trenton-Washington made a military Dictator-
He recrosses the Delaware to occupy Trenton-Efficient Aid
by Robert Morris-Approach of Cornwallis toward Trenton
-Battles at Trenton Bridge and the Ford-The Americans
in Peril - Cornwallis out-generaled-March of the Ameri
cans toward Princeton-Their Approach discovered by the
Enemy-First Skirmish near Princeton-Effect of British
Bayonets Dispersion of the Americans-Washington on the
Field-General Mercer mortally wounded by Bayonets-His
Bravery till the Last-Place of his Death-View of the Bat-
tle-ground-Loss of the Americans-Death of General Mer-
cer-His Monument-Skirmish near Nassau Hall in Prince-
ton-Destruction of the King's Portrait in Nassau Hall-
Prisoners taken-Skirmish at Worth's Mills-Cornwallis at
Princeton-Disappointment of the Enemy-The Loss sus
tained-Washington's Pursuit-Fatigue of the Americans-
Capture of British Baggage-wagons- Evacuation of New

Jersey by the British-Estimate of Washington's Character

in Europe-Appointment of general Officers for the Conti.

nental Army-Its Reorganization-Visit to the Princeton

Battle-ground-Morven, Stockton's Estate-Desolated by the

British-Sufferings and Death of the Owner-Annis Stock-

ton-Nassau Hall-Governor Belcher's Donation-Ritten-

house's Planetarium - Life of its Inventor - Portraits of

Washington and Mercer by Peale-Character of the College

of New Jersey-White Hall-The Floral Arch in Honor of

Washington-His triumphal Journey-His Reception by

the Ladies at Trenton-interest of the Scene-Washing

ton's Note to the Ladies-Reflections-Grave of Mr. Arm-

strong...
..Page 215-246

CHAPTER X.

Departure from Trenton-Buck's County-St. Tammany-Old
Villages-Frankford-Its revolutionary Events-Kensington
-Arrival in Philadelphia-Christ Church and its Sounding.
board-The Grave of Dr. Franklin and others-His early.
written Epitaph-Description of Christ Church-The Natives
on the Delaware and Schuylkill-The Delawares - Their
Character portrayed by William Penn-First Settlements on
the Delaware by the Dutch and Swedes-Troubles with the
Indians-Gustavus Adolphus-Extension of Swedish Settle-
ments-Opposition of the Dutch-Stuyvesant's Conquests---
Charter granted to William Penn-Emigrations-Arrival of
Penn-His Biography - Annexation of Delaware-Penn's
just Dealings with the Natives-Effect of his Justice-Treaty
Monument-Character and Influence of the Quakers-Found-
ing of the Pennsylvania Commonwealth, and the City of Phil-
adelphia-Secession of Delaware- Penn's Difficulties-His
liberal Concessions-Pennsylvania Charter-Penn's Heirs-
His Successors hostile to the Indians - Popular Feeling
against the Proprietaries-Dr. Franklin-The Stamp Act-
Spirit of the People-Party Rancor-Franklin lampooned-
William Bradford-The Pennsylvania Journal-Repeal of
the Stamp Act-Rejoicings-Dickenson's Letters-Firmness
of Pennsylvania-Tea Ships-Destruction of Tea at Green-
wich-Revolutionary Movements-Members of Assembly in-
structed-Quakers opposed to the Revolution-"Testimony"
of their yearly Meeting in 1775-James Pemberton and others
sent to Virginia-Arrest and removal of Governor Penn
and Chief-justice Chew-Execution of Roberts and Carlisle
-Justice of their Punishment-Desecration of Carpenters'
Hall-Congress Hall-Prevalence of a Desire for Union-
-First Movements toward a general Congress-Election of
Delegates-Names of the Representatives of each Colony-
Character of the first Continental Congress-Its Organiza-
tion-Peyton Randolph-Charles Thomson-Opening of the
first Continental Congress-Patrick Henry-The first Prayer
in Congress--Sessions with closed Doors-Sympathy with

Massachusetts-Declaration of Rights-" American Associa-

tions"-Mr. Duché-State Papers issued by Congress-De-

bates--Diversity of Opinion-Dartmouth's Circular-Joseph

Galloway-Opinions concerning the Adamses - Sketch of

Galloway's public Life-Disposition of his Estate....247-270

CHAPTER XI.

The State House--Independence Hall--Hancock's Chair-Por

traits of Penn and La Fayette-Picture of the Treaty Tree-

Statue of Washington-Liberty Bell-Its History -- Inde.

pendence not early nor generally desired, except by a Few-

Patrick Henry's Prediction--Testimony of Washington and

others concerning the Loyalty of the Colonies-Paine's Com.

mon Sense-First public Movements favorable to Independ

ence-Paine's Crisis--The Ministry order it to be burned-

The Result-Timidity in the State Legislatures--State Gov-

ernments recommended-Lee's Resolution for Independence

--Absence of R. H. Lee-Jefferson's Draft of the Declaration

-Reasons why he was chosen to write it-Original Draft of

the Declaration of Independence, and Amendments-The

Debaters--Action of the several Colonies on the Subject of

Independence-Adoption of the Declaration-The Declara

tion of Independence as adopted-Ringing of the Liberty Bell

-Signers of the Declaration-Its Reception in New York

and elsewhere-The Principles of the Declaration, and their

Effects-Opinions of Raynal, Mirabeau, and Napoleon-Or-

ganization of State Governments-Adjournal of Congress to

Baltimore-Trip to Red Bank-Fort Mercer-Donop's Grave

-Whitall's House-De Chastellux's Visit there-Anecdote

of Mrs. Whitall-Old Cannon-Distant View of Fort Mittlin

-Military Works on the Delaware - Obstructions in the

River-Their Removal by the British-Capture of Billings.

port-The American Fleet in the Delaware-Hessian Expe-

dition against Fort Mercer-Storming of the Fort-Repulse

of the Hessians at Red Bank-Count Donop-Lieutenant-

colonel Greene-Monument at Red Bank-Attack on Fort

Mifflin-American Flotilla-Lieutenant-colonel Smith-Suc-

cessful Defense of Fort Mifflin-Preparations for another At-

tack-Plan of the Fort-Washington's Efforts to re-enforce

his Army-Conduct of Gates and Putnam-Second Attack

of Fort Mifflin-Gallant Defense of the Fort-Destructive

Effects of Cannons and Bombs-Plan of Operations on the

Delaware Retreat of the Garrison - Destruction of the

Fort Movements in New Jersey Fort Mercer aban-

doned..
.Page 270-299

CHAPTER XII.

-

Ancient Philadelphia-The "Slate roof House" and its Associa
tions-Loxley's House-Mrs. Darrah and the British Adjutant
General Information sent to Washington's Camp by Mrs.
Darrah-Disappointment of the British-Swedes' Church-
Wharton's Mansion-house-The Mischianza-Immorality of
the Army-Major Andre's Description of the Mischianza-
Philadelphia Provost Prison - Cunningham - Washington
Square Office of the Secretary of Foreign Affairs-The
Secretary's Aids-British Fortifications in Philadelphia-The
British Encampment - Personal Appearance of the British
Officers-Loss of the Delaware Frigate-Torpedoes sent
down the River from Bordentown- Battle of the Kegs"-
Alarm during the Mischianza Fête-Boldness of Americans
-Interesting Places near Philadelphia - Patriotism of the
Philadelphia Women-Mrs. Reed and Mrs. Bache-De Chas
tellux's Visit to Mrs. Bache-Contributions of Clothing for
the Soldiers-Germantown-James Logan-Speech of Lo-
gan the Indian Chief-Officers of Government at German
town-Chew's House-Destructive Effects of War-Benja
min Chew-Maneuvers of the two Armies on the Schuylkill
-The British Army at Germantown-Preparations to attack
it-Approach of the Americans to Germantown-Attack on
the British Pickets-Chew's House a Defense-Remissness
of the Militia-Victory lost to the Americans-Battle of Ger-
mantown-The Americans, deceived, abandon the Field-
Washington's Chagrin - The Loss-Letter of General Ag-
new's Servant to the Lady of that Officer concerning his
Death-American Officers killed-Washington and his Offi
cers honored-General Stephen-Washington's Head-quar-
ters at Whitemarsh - Skirmish there-American Encamp.
ment-Retreat of the British to Philadelphia-Departure of
the Americans from Whitemarsh-Barren Hill-La Fayette
-His first Impulses favorable to the Americans-His Liberal-
ity-Visit to England - Attempts to leave France-Sketch
of his Career-Sword presented to him by Congress-Mem
oir of him-Pictorial Devices on his Sword-His arrival in
America-Biography continued-His Burial-place-Applies
to Congress-His Appointment-Interview with Washington
-Attached to the Army-La Fayette on Barren Hill-Maneu
vers of the two Armies-The British deceived-Retreat of
La Fayette across the Schuylkill to Valley Forge-Generals
Poor and Woedtke-Iron Ore near the Schuylkill-Consho
hocken-Its Industry-Morristown-Swedes' Ford..299-330
CHAPTER XIII.

-

Approach to Valley Forge-"King of Prussia Tavern"-Village

of Valley Forge-Washington's Head quarters - The old

Flour-mill and its Associations-Hamilton and Lee-View

from Rogers's Observatory-Camp at Valley Forge-Re

ligious Services-Preparation of Huts- Disposition of the

American Army at Valley Forge-The Huts and their Occu-

pants-Condition of the Army-Great Sufferings-Number

of Soldiers in Camp-Toryism displayed-Hopefulness of

Washington-Conspiracy to deprive him of the chief Com-

mand-Persons named as Malcontents-Forged Letters-

Thomas Conway-Character of the Congress of 1778-Pre-

tensions of Gates and Lee-Anonymous Letters-Conway's

Letter to Gates-Quarrel between Gates and Wilkinson-

Board of War-Expedition against Canada proposed - La

Fayette appointed to the Command-Grossly deceived-Dis.

claimers of Gates and Mifflin-Opinion of Dr. Gordon-Con

way's Resignation-Duel, and repentant Letter to Washing-

ton-Baron De Steuben-His Arrival in America, and Ap.

pointment as Inspector General - Biographical Sketch of

Steuben-His Aids and his Monuments-Washington's Ef-

forts in behalf of his Soldiers-Hostile Parties sent out from

Philadelphia-The Queen's Rangers Advertisement for

Recruits-Expedition against Militia Posts in New Jersey-

Skirmish at Quintan's Bridge, on Alloway's Creek-Expedi-

tion to Hancock's Bridge-Perils of the March-Massacre at

Hancock's House-Death of the Owner-Return of the Ma-

rauders to Philadelphia-Light from Europe-Alliance with

France-Rejoicings at Valley Forge-Lord North's Concilia-

tory Bills-Appointment of Commissioners-Chatham's Op-

position to American Independence-His sudden Illness and

Death-Copley's Picture of the Scene-His Funeral and

Monument-North's conciliatory Propositions rejected-Ar-

rival of Commissioners-Governor Tryon-Letter of Com-

missioners to Congress-Action of Congress concerning them,

and their Mission-Mrs. Græme-Attempt to bribe General

Reed-Mrs. Græme's part in the Affair--Memoir of General

Reed-Sir Henry Clinton Commander-in-chief-Condition

of the American Army-Exchange of General Lee-Oaths

of Allegiance-Evacuation of Philadelphia by the British-

Pursuit by the Americans - The British harassed in New

Jersey-Extent of the British Line-Washington's Determ-

ination to Fight-Preparations of both Armies for Battle-

British Camp near Monmouth Court-house - Their Move.

ment toward Sandy Hook-Lee ordered to attack the British

-Approach of the American advanced Corps-Conflicting

Intelligence-Preparation for Battle-Plan of Action-The

British attacked by Wayne - Oswald's Artillery - Wayne

checked by Lee-Strange Conduct of Lee-His Orders mis-

understood-Retreat of two Brigades-A general Retreat or-

dered by Lee-General Maxwell-Forward Movement of the

Division under Washington-Meeting of Washington and

Lee-Harsh Words between them-The pursuing Britons
checked-Courage and Skill of Washington-Lee's Conduct,
Trial, and Sentence-The fiercest of the Battle-Picture by
Mr. Custis-Captain Molly-Gallant Conduct of Lee-Form-
ing of the second Line-View of the Battle-ground-Advance
of Grenadiers under Monckton-His Death-Close of the
Day and the Battle-Retreat of Sir Henry Clinton-Charac-
ter of the Monmouth Battle-Clinton's official Dispatch criti-
cised-The Loss-Sufferings of the Soldiers-Visit to the
Battle-ground-Woodhull's Monument-William and Gilbert
Tennent-Inscription upon Woodhull's Monument-Capture
and Execution of Captain Huddy-Case of Captain Asgill-
Remarkable Case of William Tennent-His own Descrip-
tion of his Feelings-Loss of his Papers-The Pine Rob-
bers....
..Page 330-368

CHAPTER XIV.

Departure from Valley Forge-The Paoli Tavern-Place where
Americans were massacred-Wayne's Encampment, near
Paoli-British attack upon his Detachment-The Massacre-
Chaplain David Jones-His Address to the Troops at Ticon-
deroga-The Paoli Monument-The Inscriptions upon it-
The Dead of Paoli-Journey to West Chester-Departure
for the Brandywine Battle ground-Jefferis's Ford-Sconnel
Town, Osborne's Hill, and Birmingham Meeting house—
Landing of the British at the Head of Elk-Washington's
Preparations to meet them-March of Americans from Phila-
delphia-Encampment on Red Clay Neck-Howe's Procla
mation-Retreat of the Americans across the Brandywine-
Approach of the British to the Brandywine-The Fords of
that Stream-Plan of the Battle-Position of the American
Army on the Brandywine-Movement of the British-Locali
ties of the Battle-ground-Skirmishing on the March toward
the Brandywine-Engagement near Chad's Ford-Skirmish-
ing on the Brandywine-Sullivan deceived by conflicting In-
telligence-Washington's Suspense-Passage of the Brandy-
wine by the British Army-Forming of the Lines for Battle
-Conduct of Deborre-Commencement of the Battle-Skill
and Courage of the Belligerents-Effects of the British Ar-
tillery-Retreat of the Americans-March of Greene to their
Support-La Fayette wounded-The British checked by
Greene-Knyphausen preparing to cross the Brandywine
General Muhlenberg-Passage of the Brandywine by Knyp
hausen-Bravery of Wayne-General Retreat of the Ameri-
cans-Result of the Battle-Washington again made Dicta-

tor-Attempt to attack the British Army - Du Coudray-

Patriotism of the Israels-Battle prevented - March of the

Americans toward Germantown-Localities near the Brandy.

wine-The Quarters of Washington and Howe - Kennet

Square A Storm-New London and Elkton-Scene of Mili-

tary Operations in New Jersey and Pennsylvania-An Even-

ing on the Chesapeake-Baltimore-Battle Monument at Bal-

timore
..369-390

CHAPTER XV.

Baltimore and its Associations-Washington's Monument-

Maryland Historical Society-Pulaski's Banner - Moravian

Nuns at Bethlehem—" Hymn of the Moravian Nuns"-Patriot-

ism in Baltimore-Committees of Correspondence and Ob-

servation-Treatment of Loyalists-Meeting of Congress in

Baltimore-La Fayette in Baltimore-Journey to Annapolis

-Departure from right Road-Hospitality-City of Annap-

olis Founding of the City-First Lord Baltimore-Explora-

tion of the Chesapeake-Maryland Charter--Character of the

first Charter-Toleration its chief Glory-Baltimore's Policy

-His Toleration-First Settlers-Leonard Calvert-Settle-

ment at St. Mary's-First Legislative Assembly - Religious

Animosity-Toleration of the Roman Catholics-Baltimore

a Courtier-Civil War-Maryland a royal Province-Repub-

lican Constitution-Annapolis-Stamp-master's Effigy hanged

-Visit to Powhatan-Energy of Smith-Bartholomew Gos

nold-Progress of Jamestown Colony-Smith's Voyage up

the Chickahominy-His Capture-His Adventure in Europe
Outwits the Indians-His Trial and Sentence-Pocahontas

-Her Marriage, Death, and Descendants-Smith's Life saved

by Pocahontas-Condition of Jamestown-Newport's Folly

-Smith's exploring Expedition-Lord De la Ware-Com-

missioners-Anarchy at Jamestown-Famine-Timely Re-

lief-Arrival of new Emigrants and Supplies-Prosperity of

the Colony-Implantation of Republicanism-New Constitu.

tion-Massacre by the Indians-Retaliation-The Patents

canceled-Policy of Charles I.-Governor Harvey-Wyatt

and Berkeley-The Commonwealth-Intolerance in Virginia

-Indian Wars-Berkeley and Loyalty-Opposition to parlia

mentary Commissions-Concession to the Colonists-Com-

mercial Restrictions-King of Virginia-Indian Hostilities

-"Bacon's Rebellion"-Republican Triumphs - English

Troops Burning of Jamestown-Death of Bacon-Venge-

ance of Berkeley-His Recall and Death-Jamestown and

its Associations

..Page 434-462

CHAPTER XVIII.

Departure from Jamestown - Remains of Fortifications —

"Spencer's Ordinary" - Retreat of Cornwallis-Simcoe's

Expedition-Engagement between the advanced Guards of

the Belligerents-Battle at Spencer's Ordinary -- Simcoe's

Stratagem-A drawn Battle- The Loss - Burial with the

Honors of War-March of Cornwallis from Williamsburg-

Movements of La Fayette-Cornwallis's Stratagem-March

from Green Spring-Colonel Armand-The Battle Order-

Attack upon the Outpost-The Enemy in full Force-Re-

treat of the Americans-Wayne's Charge upon the British

Line-Retreat of Cornwallis to Portsmouth-Tarleton's Ex-

pedition-Williamsburg-Remains of Dunmore's Palace-

Brenton Church-Lord Botetourt-His Reception in Virginia

-Ode-Ancient powder Magazine-The old Capitol-Re-

sumption of the historical Narrative-Plan of Williamsburg

-Culpepper-Lord Howard and Nicholson-Federal Union

proposed - Orkney and his Deputies - Spottswood - His

Character-Conflicting Claims of the French and English-

Injustice toward the Indians-The Ohio Company-Jealousy

of the French-Erection of Forts-Dinwiddie's Measures---

George Washington sent to the French Commandant -

Friendly Offices of the Indians-St. Pierre-His Letter to

Dinwiddie-Washington's Journey-Preparations for War-

Expedition against the French Attack upon the Virginians

-Fort Duquesne-Fort Necessity-Surprise of Jumonville

-Death of Colonel Fry-Washington in Command-Fort

Necessity-Washington's return home-The Great Meadows

-Loss at Fort Necessity-French Duplicity-General Brad-

dock-Provincial Governors-March toward Fort Duquesne

-Alarm of the French- Passage of the Monongahela- The

Battle-Washington's Advance-Death of Braddock-Wash-

ington's Skill-Providential Care acknowledged-Lord Lou-

doun-New Expedition-General Forbes-His Movements-

Defeat of Grant-Attack on Bouquet-Abandonment of Fort

Duquesne-Washington's Resignation-Development of his

Military Character

.463-481

CHAPTER XIX.

Effect of the Stamp Act in Virginia-Boldness of Patrick Henry

-His Resolutions in opposition to the Act-Effect of his Res.

olutions-His Eloquence and Skill - Dissolution of the As-

sembly-General Congress proposed-Repeal of the Stamp

Act-Lord Botetourt-Thomas Jefferson-Dissolution of the

Assembly-The Apollo Room-Death of Botetourt-Lord

Dunmore-His Character-Committees of Vigilance and

Correspondence-Fast day in Virginia-Assembly dissolved

by Dunmore-Meeting at the Raleigh-The Proceedings-

Delegates to the Continental Congress-Expedition against

the Indians-Dunmore's Schemes - Camp at the Great

Kenawha-Battle at Mount Pleasant-March to the Shawnee

Towns-Old Chillicothe-Fort Gower-Junction of the Ar-

mies of Dunmore and Lewis-Camp Charlotte-Logan and

Cresap-John Gibson-Logan's Speech-His Death-Sketch

of Colonel Cresap-Treaty with the Indians-Sentiments of

Dunmore's Officers-Indian Wars in the West- Daniel

Boone His Family on the Kain tuck-ee-Boone's Fort as-

sailed by Indians-Capture of his Daughter and Companions

-Construction of other Forts-Indian Assaults-Expedition

against the Kentucky Settlements-George Rogers Clarke-

His Explorations in the Wilderness-Expeditions against

British Forts-Simon Kenton-His Life and Sufferings-Sur-

prise of Kaskaskia-Capture of the Garrison-Location of

Kaskaskia-Surprise of Cahokia-Capture of Vincennes-Its

Loss and Recapture-Terrible March over the "Drowned

Lands"-Colonel Hamilton made Prisoner-Detroit-Tory

Emissaries-Dr. Connolly-Official Tampering with the In-

dians-Girty before Fort Henry-Massacre of a reconnoiter-

ing Party-Attack upon the Fort-Elizabeth Zane and Mrs.

Merrill-Effect of a log Field-piece - Arrival of Succor-

Abandonment of the Siege-Escape of M'Culloch - Fort

M'Intosh Expedition against Sandusky Towns-Successful

Expedition from Detroit against Kentucky Forts-Colonel

Clarke in Virginia-Made a Brigadier-Battle at the Blue

Licks The Indians subdued-Affairs at Williamsburg-Pat

rick Henry's bold Resolutions in favor of military Prepara. '

tions-His eloquent Defense of them-Effect of his Speech

-Seizure of Powder by Dunmore-Patrick Henry with a

military Force-A Compromise-Dunmore's Oath-General

Excitement-Proceedings of the Assembly-Attempt to de-

stroy the Magazine-Dunmore's Flight-Military Prepara-

tions-Dunmore at Norfolk - New Government planned-

Militia organized-Great Seal-Declaration of Independence

proclaimed at Williamsburg-Officers under the new Gov.

ernment-Freneau's Prophecy.

..Page 482-506

CHAPTER XX.

Ride to Yorktown-William Nelson, Esq.-Location and Ap

pearance of Yorktown-Its early Settlement-Old Church

at Yorktown-The Nelson Tombs-Cornwallis's Cave-An

Imposition - Present Appearance of the British Works-

American and French Armies-Morris and Peters-Change

in Plan of Operations-Cornwallis ordered to the Chesapeake

-Takes Post at Yorktown and Gloucester, and fortifies them

-Sketch of Cornwallis-Southern Campaign-De Grasse in

the Chesapeake-Sketch of De Grasse-Cornwallis's At-

tempt to escape into Carolina-Admirals Hood and Graves

proceed against the French Fleet-Naval Battle off the Vir

ginia Capes-French Squadron-Loss in the naval Action-

March of the allied Armies-Arrival of Washington and

French Officers at Williamsburg-Arrival of Troops at Will

iamsburg-Washington's first Interview with De Grasse-

Approach of the Armies-Death of Colonel Scammel-York-

town and Gloucester invested-General Arrangements of the

land and naval Forces-French Officers-Biographical Sketch

of Lieutenant-colonel Stevens-Position of the American

Corps-Approach by Parallels-Cannonade and Bombard.

ment-Burning of the British Ships-Continued Approaches

toward the British Works-Preparations to storm Redoubts

-Plan of the Siege of Yorktown-Successful Assault upon

two Redoubts-Loss sustained by the Combatants-Bravery

and Loss of the French Grenadiers-Desperate Situation of

Cornwallis Sortie-His Attempt to Escape Providential

Interposition-Count Dumas-Patriotism of Governor Nel-

son-Bombardment of his Mansion-Cornwallis's Proposition

to surrender-Destruction in Yorktown-Terms of Capitula-

tion proposed-The Commissioners-Synopsis of Articles

of Capitulation-Fac Simile of the fourteenth Article of the

Capitulation-Ceremonies at the Surrender of the British

Army-Delivery of the Colors-Conduct of Cornwallis in the

Carolinas-Laying down of Arms-Loss of both Armies-

Washington's expressed Approbation of Officers-Disposi

tion of Prisoners-A Jubilee for Prisoners-Intelligence of

the Surrender at Philadelphia-Proceedings of Congress-

Rochambeau-Awards of Congress to Officers-General Re-

joicings-Proceedings in Parliament-Lord North's Agitation

-Designs upon Southern British Posts-St. Clair's Success

-Washington's Journey to Philadelphia-Localities at York-

town-Moore's House and its Associations-Place of Surren-

der-Governor Nelson's House-Departure for Hampton-

Arrival there-Old Point Comfort-Early History-Hamp

ton Roads-Dunmore Attack-His Repulse-St. John's

Church-Attack on Hampton in 1813-Voyage to Norfolk-

St. Paul's Church and its Associations-Ride to the Great

Bridge-Description of the Locality-Dunmore at Norfolk-

Seizure of Holt's Printing-office-Holt's Career-Prepara-

tions for Battle-Fortifications at the Great Bridge-Attack

on the American Redoubt-Death of Captain Fordyce-Strat-

agem of Major Marshall-Close of the Battle-Terror of the

Captives-Norfolk entered by the Americans-Dunmore's

Threat-Destruction of Norfolk-Distress-Disposition of the

American Troops - Dunmore at Gwyn's Island-General

Lewis-Attack upon Dunmore-His Flight-Distress upon

Gwyn's Island-Destruction of Property by Collier and

Matthews-Leslie's Expedition-Deep Creek and Dismal

Swamp-Drummond's Lake-Moore's Poem- Return to

Norfolk - Portsmouth and Gosport-French and English

Fleets-Attempt to Capture Arnold..

..507-540

CHAPTER XXI.

Departure from Norfolk-Misfortunes of an Hostler-Forts

Nelson and Norfolk-Craney Island-Voyage up the James

River-City Point-Petersburg-Blandford Church-Found-

ing of Petersburg-Sudden Storm-Services of Steuben-

Military Operations between City Point and Williamsburg-

Skirmish near Williamsburg-Retreat of the Americans-

British Occupation of the Town-Mrs. Bolling-British Oc-

cupation of Bollingbrook-Skirmish at Osborne's-Destruc-

tion of the American Flotilla-Troops of Arnold and Phillips

-Depredations at Manchester and Warwick - La Fayette at

Petersburg-Death of Phillips-Entrance of Cornwallis into

Virginia-The State in Danger-Retirement of Governor

Jefferson-Monticello-Cornwallis's unsuccessful Pursuit of

La Fayette-Expeditions Westward-Jefferson's Seal, and

Monument, and Inscriptions-Expedition of Simcoe against

Steuben-Attempt to Capture Jefferson and the Legislators

-Destruction of Property-Cornwallis baffled by La Fayette

-His Retreat toward the Coast-Detention of the Convention

Troops-Their Parole-March of the Convention Troops to

Virginia-Their Route to Charlottesville-Sufferings-Riede-

sel and his Family-Jefferson's Hospitality-Erection of Bar-

racks-Extensive Gardening-General Condition of the

Troops-Removal of Troops from Charlottesville-Their

final Dispersion-The Germans-Departure from Petersburg

Capital Punishment - Husbandry in Lower Virginia-

Fruits of the social System-Gee's Bridge-Capture of Col-

onel Gee-A Yankee Överseer-Passage of the Roanoke into

Carolina Cotton Fields-Route of Greene's Retreat-Jour-

ney toward Hillsborough-Tobacco Culture-Williamsburg

and Oxford-Tar River-Fording Streams-The princely

Domain of Mr. Cameron-Night at a Yankee's Farm-house-

Arrival at Hillsborough-Early Settlements in North Carolina

-First Charter of North Carolina-Early Settlements on the

Chowan and Cape Fear-Planters from Barbadoes-The ab-

surd "Fundamental Constitutions" of Shaftesbury and Locke

-Sketch of the Authors-Extent of the Province-Abroga-

tion of the Constitutions-Government Officers imprisoned

-Governor Sothel banished-John Archdale-Settlements

in the Interior-Indian Hostilities-Flight of the Tuscaroras

-Pirates-First Royal Governor-First Legislative Assem-

bly-The Governor and People at Variance-Removal of the

Seat of Government to Wilmington-Immigration of Scotch

Highlanders- The Rebellion of '45-Peril and Flight of the

Pretender-Extinction of his Family.......... Page 541-564

CHAPTER XXII.

The Scotch-Irish and their Principles-Their Emigration to

Carolina-Moravian Settlements-The religious Element in

our Government-Origin of the Scotch Irish-First Printing-

presses in North Carolina - Carolina Troops in Virginia-

Governors Dobbs and Tryon-Opposition to the Stamp Act-

The Enfield Riot-Revolutionary Proceedings at Wilmington

-Ruins of St. Philip's Church at Brunswick-Resignation

of the Wilmington Stamp Master-Unpopularity of Tryon-

Discontents in the Interior-" Regulators"-Tryon's Request

for a Palace-Maneuvers of his Family-Heavy Appropria

tion-View and Description of the Palace-Excessive Taxa-

tion-Tryon's Proclamation against the Regulators-His bad

Faith-Extortions of Officers-Arrest of Regulators-Hills-

borough menaced-Forbearance of the People-Legal Trials

-Tryon's return to Newbern-Prevalence of Quiet-New

Outbreaks-Riots at Hillsborough-Outrages upon Fanning

-Sketch of his public Life-Mock Court and Trials-Yorke

-Military Expedition against the Regulators-Bad Treat-

ment of Husband-Tryon's March to Hillsborough-His Offi-

cers-Dispersion of Waddell's Troops-Tryon's March to-

ward the Allamance- Dr. Caldwell's Mediation- Battle-

Flight of Husband-Defeat of the Regulators-The Battle-

ground-Cruelty of Tryon-Tryon's Prisoners exhibited in

Chains-Execution of six of them-Effect of the Regulator

Movement-Career of Husband - Committees of Corre

spondence-Difficulties between the Governor and People—

Conventions of the Patriots-Approval of a General Con-

gress, and appointment of Deputies-Provincial Congress-

Maneuvers of Governor Martin-Symptoms of a servile In-

surrection-Destruction of Fort Johnson-Provincial Con-

gress at Hillsborough-Action of the Congress- Military Or-

ganization-Minute-men-Sketch of Cornelius Harnett-

Friendship of the Highlanders courted-Called to take up

Arms by Donald M'Donald-Flora M Donald-Her Influence

-The Pretender saved by her-Patriot Expedition against

the Highlanders-Pursuit by Colonel Moore-Caswell and

Lillington-Caswell's Letter to his Son-Peril of the High-

landers-Preparations for Battle-Lillington Hall-Battle at

Moore's Creek-Feat of Mrs. Slocum-Effect of the Battle-

Humanity of the Whigs-Governor Martin- Organization

of civil Government-Proclamation of Sir Henry Clinton-

Desolation of Howe's Plantation-Localities at Hillsborough

-Departure for the Allamance-Place of Pyle's Defeat-

Cornwallis at Hillsborough-Expedition under Lee-Pur-

suit of Tarleton-Approach of Tories under Colonel Pyle

-Plan to Ensnare them-Destruction of the Loyalists

Escape of Colonel Pyle-The Battle-ground-Escape of

Tarleton...

CHAPTER XXIII.

.565-593

The Allamance-Factory Labor Regulator Battle-ground-

Greensborough-Guilford Battle-ground-Gates superseded

by Greene-Greene's arrival in Carolina-Courtesy of Gates

-Disposition of the belligerent Armies--Greene and Morgan

-Battle at Ramsour's Mills-General Rutherford-Morgan

pursued by Cornwallis-Escape of the Former-Passage of

the Catawba by the British-Their Success-Death of General

Davidson-Queen's Museum-Dispersion of Militia-Com-

mencement of Greene's Retreat-His Passage of the Yadkin-

Cornwallis foiled-The Trading Ford-Numbers of the two

Armies Passage of the Yadkin by Cornwallis-American

light Army organized-Colonel Williams-Line of March-

Death of Lee's Bugler- A Skirmish and Race- Efforts to

reach the Dan-Greene's Passage of the Dan-Passage of the

whole Army-Disappointment of Cornwallis-Greene's Prep-

arations to recross the Dan-March toward Guilford-Ma

neuvers of the Belligerents-Skirmish on Reedy Fork-Aug-

mentation of the American Army-Disposition of the two

Armies-Skirmish at New Garden Meeting-house-Defeat of

Tarleton-Lee driven back-American Army at Guilford-

Plan of the Battle-Approach of the British-Battle-Flight

of the Americans-The Battle-ground-Withdrawal of Corn-

wallis-Pursuit by Greene-American Women at Prayer-

Cornwallis's March to Wilmington- Green's Approach to

Camden-Quaker Marriage-Centenarian Preacher-James-

town-The Yadkin-Salisbury-Night with a Cotton Planter

-A Patriot's Grave-Charlotte and its Historical Associa

tions-Mecklenburg Convention and Declaration - History

of the Event-Movements of Cornwallis-General Davie-

Cornwallis's Approach to Charlotte - Movements of the

Americans Skirmish at Charlotte-Retreat of the Ameri

cans from Charlotte-Departure of Cornwallis-Young La-

dies of Mecklenburg and Rowan

.Page 593-626

CHAPTER XXIV.

Departure from Charlotte-Gold Region of North Carolina-

Tuckesege Ford-Journey to King's Mountain Battle ground

-Character of the Locality-Major Ferguson's Expedition-

Gathering of Tories-The Mountain Men-Expedition against

Ferguson-Commander-in-chief-Leaders of the Mountain

Men-Battle on King's Mountain-Colonel Sevier - Frank-

land-Death and Grave of Ferguson and some Patriots-Ex-

ecution of Tories-One of Sumter's Men-Route to the Cow.

pens-Southern Houses-Thicketty Mountains-Cowpens

Battle-ground-Morgan's Army-Defeat of Tories by Colonel

Washington-Battle at the Cowpens- Medals awarded to

Morgan, Washington, and Howard-Retreat of the British-

Encounter between Washington and Tarleton-Result of the

Battle-Departure from the Cowpens-Cherokee Ford-In-

dians in the Carolinas-Peril of the White People-Hostilities

with the Indians-Small-pox at Charleston-Subjugation of

the Indians-Present Condition of the Cherokees-Western

Settlers-Growth of Party Spirit-The Cunninghams-Seiz-

ure of Powder-Expedition against the Tories - Battle at

Musgrove's Mill-Gathering of Troops by Sumter-His Com.

patriots-Battle at Fish Dam Ford-Defeat of Wemyss-

Sumter pursued by Tarleton-Battle at Blackstocks's-Flight

of Tarleton-Sumter wounded-Thanks of Congress-Patri-

otic Women in the Carolinas..

CHAPTER XXV.

626-653

Cherokee Ford-Scenery near-King's Creek-A Night on the

Mountains-Mule driving-Yorkville-Catawba Indians-

Fishing Creek and its Associations-Generous Hospitality-

Great Falls of the Catawba-Mount Dearborn-Cotton Fac-

tory-Rocky Mount-Battle and Battle-ground there-Sum-

ter again in Arms-Skirmish at Mobley's Meeting house-

Expeditions of Huck and Cunningham-Their Defeat-Sum-

ter's Success at the Wateree Ford-His Defeat at Fishing

Creek-Passage of the Catawba - Anvil Rock - - Hanging

Rock-Battle at Hanging Rock-Victory Lost by Intemper-

ance-Sumter's Retreat-The British in South Carolina-

Massacre of Buford's Regiment-Family of President Jack-

son-Journey toward Camden-Flat Rock-Rugeley's Mill

-Tories at Rugeley's defeated by Stratagem-Gum Swamp

-Sander's Creek-De Kalb sent South-Gates in chief Com-

mand at the South-De Kalb's Monument-Tardiness of

Justice-Condition of Gates's Army-Cornwallis at Camden

-Night March and Collision-Battle on Sander's Creek-

Smallwood and Gist-Death of De Kalb-Flight of the Amer-

icans-Armed Neutrality-Rendezvous of American Troops

at Hillsborough - Governor Nash-Colonel Buncombe-

Army partially organized - Hobkirk's Hill-The Spring-

Greene's Encampment on Hobkirk's Hill-Lee's Legion and

the Wolves-Lord Rawdon at Camden-Preparations to at-

tack Greene-Battle on Hobkirk's Hill-Greenc's Retreat-

Washington's Charge-Marion and Lee against Watson---

British Evacuation of Camden-Fall of British Posts-Sale

of traveling Establishment

654-681

CHAPTER XXVI.

Departure from Camden-High Hills of Santee-Passage of

the Wateree Swamp-Fort Motte-Revolutionary Remains

-Siege of Fort Motte-Its Surrender-Song of Marion's

Men-Rebecca Motte-Her Patriotism - Marion in Gates's

Camp-His Troops-Rawdon's Retreat-Bellville-A Slave

"Pass"-Trial of a Slave--Columbia-Fort Granby and its

Garrison-Friday and Maxwell-Capture of Fort Granby-

Greene's Army there-Fort Granby now-Ninety-Six-Its

Garrison and Works-Capture of Fort Galphin-The “Gal-

phin Claim"-Greene before Ninety-Six-Siege of Ninety-

Six-Incidents of the Siege-March of Rawdon to its Relief

-Withdrawal of Greene-Arrival of Rawdon-His pursuit

of Greene-Movements of the two Armies-Courage and Ar-

rest of Emily Geiger-Rawdon foiled-Camp at Orangeburg

-Greene on the Santee Hills-Orangeburg-The Post taken

by Sumter Rawdon's Departure Approach to Eutaw

Springs-Journey thither-Four-hole Swamp. General

Sumner-Yankee Schoolmaster-Eutaw Springs-Present
Appearance-American Encampment near- Preliminary
Movements-Battle at Eutaw Springs-The Result-Folly
of the Americans-Contest at the Citadel-Retreat of Greene
-Honors awarded to him and his Officers-Retreat of Stuart
-Americans on the High Hills of Santee-Mutiny-Nelson's
Ferry-Sucress of Marion there-Capture of Fort Watson
-Its Site-Maham Tower-Colonel Maham-Marion's Resi-
dence-His Wife-Return to Orangeburg

-

..682-708

CHAPTER XXVII.

From Orangeburg to Augusta-A Turk-Augusta-Hamburg

-Liberty Hill-Local History of Augusta-Growth of Dem

ocratic Principles-Republican Government-Tories under

Colonel Boyd-Augusta in possession of the British-Parti

san Skirmishes - Dispersion of Boyd's Tories -- Alarm of
Campbell-Ashe and Williamson-Battle at Brier Creek-
Defeat of the Americans-Ashe censured-His acquittal by
a Court martial-Cruelty of Colonel Brown-Forts Corn-
wallis and Grierson-Clarke and M'Call's March toward Au-
gusta-Skirmish at the White House-Americans defeated
-Fate of the Prisoners-Siege of Augusta-Colonel Pickens
-Surrender of the British-Departure for Savannah - A
Night Journey--Detention in a Swamp-Arrival at Savannah
-Greene and Pulaski Monument Oglethorpe's Colonial

Plan-First Settlement in Georgia-Founding of Savannah

-Methodists-Trouble with the Spaniards-Georgia a Royal

Province-Political Agitation-Committee of Correspond.

ence-Sons of Liberty in Savannah-Aid to the Bostonians

-Spiking of Cannons-Tar and Feathers-Intercepted Let

ter-Seizure of Powder-Imprisonment and Escape of the

Governor Congressional Delegates-Savannah menaced

by the British-Party Lines-Lee's Expedition-Organiza-

tion of civil Government-M'Intosh and Gwinnett-Expedi

tion to Florida-General Robert Howe-Failure of the Ex-

pedition-Other Enterprises-British Expedition against

Savannah-Their Landing-Battle and Defeat of the Ameri-

cans Sunbury taken by the British-General Lincoln-

Royal Government re-established-Appearance of the French

Fleet-American Army at Savannah-Pulaski—D'Estaing's

Summons to surrender-Siege of Savannah-Defeat of the

combined Armies Death of Pulaski and Jasper-With-

drawal of the Besiegers-Colonel Jackson-Chastisement of

the Indians-Arrival of Wayne-Skirmish near Savannah--

Wayne's conflict with Indians - Cessation of Hostilities

Evacuation of Savannah

.. Page 709-741

......

CHAPTER XXVIII.

Revolutionary Remains at Savannah-Jasper Spring and its

Associations-Departure from Savannah-Night Voyage-

Arrival at Charleston-Early Settlers of South Carolina-

Founding of Charleston - Progress of the Colony - Royal

Government established-Separation of the Colonies-Ex-

tension of Settlements-Disputes with the Governor-The

Stamp Act-Liberty Tree in Charleston-Christopher Gads

den-Tea repudiated-Sympathy for the Bostonians-Pro-

vincial Congress-Seizure of Dispatches-Arms and Powder

-Republican Government organized-Seizure of Powder

at St. Augustine-Expulsion of Lord Campbell and the Gar

rison-City Defenses- Fortifications - Arrival of Generals

Armstrong and Lee-Arrival of the British-Attack on Fort

Moultrie Sufferings of the British Fleet-Retreat of the

British-Bravery of Sergeant Jasper-Effect of the Battle-

Presentation of Standards-Declaration of Independence-

Formation of an Army under Lincoln-Thomas Pinckney-

Battle on Port Royal Island-Prevost's March toward Charles-

ton-Investment of the City-Defeat of Pulaski-SummORS

to surrender refused Death of Huger - Alarm-With-

drawal of Prevost-Battle at Stono Ferry-Retreat of the

British

.742-761

CHAPTER XXIX.

Charleston after the Invasion-Condition of South Carolina-

Another British Army at Charleston-Spaniards in Florida

-Charleston again invested-Besieged by Sir Henry Clinton

-Bravely defended-Surrender of Lincoln's Army and the

City-Approach of the French Fleet-Clinton's Proclama-

tions-Sufferings of the Prisoners-Marion at Charleston-

Formation of his Brigade-Marion's various Expeditions-

Battles at Quimby's Creek Bridge and Vicinity-Execution

of Colonel Hayne-Retreat of the British from Eutaw-Re-

establishment of civil Government-Decline of British Power

-Abduction of Governor Burke-Preparations of the British

to evacuate Charleston-Skirmishes-Death of Colonel Lau-

rens-Last Blood shed in the Revolution-Evacuation of

Charleston-Revolutionary Localities there-Council Tree

-Departure from Charleston-The British at Wilmington

-Arrival in New York....

..762-781

CHAPTER XXX.

New York and its Associations-First Settlement-Dutch West

India Company-The Patroon System-Establishment of

Government-Dutch Governors-Stuyvesant-New Nethor-

lands seized by the English-New Jersey-Jacob Leisler

Chief Magistrate-His Death-Progress of Democratic Ideas

-Captain Kidd-Attempts to muzzle the Press-Triumph

of Democracy-Negro Plot-Death of Sir Danvers Osborne

-Cadwallader Colden-Sons of Liberty-Their place of

Meeting Newspapers in New York City-Arrival of Stamps

-Colden burned in Effigy-Stamps delivered to the Magis

trate-Stamp Act repealed-Statues to the King and Pitt-

Liberty Pole several times destroyed-Pitt carricatured-

Soldiers disarmed-Political Coalition-John Lamb- New

Parties Provincial Congress - Arrest of Captain Sears—

Seizure of Arms-M Dougal imprisoned-Partial Triumph