Made to his mistress' eye-brow: Then, a foldier; Even in the cannon's mouth: And then, the justice; 2 Full of frange oaths, and bearded like the pard,] So, in Cynthia's Revels, by Ben Jonfon: Your foldiers face-the grace of this face confifteth much in a beard." STEEVENS. Beards of different cut were appropriated in our author's time to different characters and profeffions. The foldier had one fashion, the judge another, the bifhop different from both, &c. See a note on K. Henry V. A&t III. fc. vi: " And what a beard of the general's cut," &c. MALONE. 8 — fudden and quick-] Left it should be fuppofed that the fe epithets are fynonymous, it is neceffary to be obferved that one of the ancient fenses of sudden, is violent. Thus, in Macbeth: I grant him fudden, "Malicious," &c. STEEVENS. 9 Full of avife faws and modern inftances,] It is remarkable that Shakspeare ufes modern in the double fenfe that the Greeks ufed xa, both for recens and abfurdus. WARBURTON. I am in doubt whether modern is in this place ufed for abfurd: the meaning feems to be, that the juftice is full of old fayings and late examples. JOHNSON. modern and familiar things fupernatural and caufelefs." MALONE. 2 The fixth age fhifts Into the lean and flipper'd pantaloon;] There is a greater beauty than appears at first fight in this image. He is here com With spectacles on nofe, and pouch on fide; Re-enter ORLANDO, with ADAM. DUKE S. Welcome: Set down your venerable burden,' And let him feed, ORL. I thank you most for him. paring human life to a ftage play of feven acts, (which is no unusual divifion before our author's time.) The fixth he calls the lean and flipper'd pantaloon, alluding to that general character in the Italian comedy, called Il Pantalóne; who is a thin emaciated old man in flippers; and well defigned, in that epithet, because Pantalone is the only character that acts in flippers. WARBURTON. In The Travels of the three English Brothers, a comedy, 1606, an Italian Harlequin is introduced, who offers to perform a play at a Lord's house, in which among other characters he mentions "a jealous coxcomb, and an old Pantaloune." But this is feven years later than the date of the play before us: nor do I know from whence our author could learn the circumstance mentioned by Dr. Warburton, that " Pantalóne is the only character in the Italian comedy that acts in flippers." In Florio's Italian Dictionary, 1598, the word is not found. In The Taming of the Shrew, one of the characters, if I remember right, is called " an old Pantaloon," but there is no farther description of him. MALONE. 3 Set down your venerable burden,] Is it not likely that Shakspeare had in his mind this line of the Metamorphofes? XIII, 125. "Fert humeris, venerabile onus, Cythereius heros," A. Golding, p. 169, b. edit. 1587, tranflates it thus: 66 upon his backe JOHNSON. "His aged father and his gods, an honorable packe.” STEEVENS. ADAM. So had you need; I fcarce can speak to thank you for myself. DUKE S. Welcome, fall to: I will not trouble you As yet, to queftion you about your fortunes:- AMIENS fings. SONG. I. Blow, blow, thou winter wind, Thou art not fo unkind As man's ingratitude; 3 Thy tooth is not so keen, Because thou art not seen,* Although thy breath be rude. Heigh, bo! fing, heigh, bo! unto the green holly: 3 Thou art not fo unkind, &c.] That is, thy action is not fo contrary to thy kind, or to human nature, as the ingratitude of man. So, in our author's Venus and Adonis, 1593:. "O had thy mother borne fo bad a mind, "She had not brought forth thee, but dy'd unkind." MALONE. 4 Thy tooth is not so keen, Because thou art not feen,] This fong is defigned to fuit the Duke's exiled condition, who had been ruined by ungrateful flatterers. Now the winter wind, the fong fays, is to be preferred to man's ingratitude. But why? Because it is not feen. But this was not only an aggravation of the injury, as it was done in fecret, not feen, but was the very circumftance that made the keennefs of the ingratitude of his faithlefs courtiers. Without doubt, Shakfpeare wrote the line thus: Because thou art not sheen, i. e. fmiling, fhining, like an ungrateful court-fervant, who flatters while he wounds, which was a very good reason for giving II. Freeze, freeze, thou bitter sky, Though thou the waters warp,' As friend remember'd not. Heigh, bo! fing, heigh, ho! &c. the winter wind the preference. So, in The Midsummer Night's Dream: 66 Spangled ftar-light been." And feveral other places. Chaucer ufes it in this fense: "Your blissful fifter Lucina the hene. And Fairfax: "The facred angel took his target hene, "And by the Chriftian champion ftood unfeen." The Oxford editor, who had this emendation communicated to him, takes occafion from hence to alter the whole line thus: Thou caufeft not that teen. But, in his rage of correction, he forgot to leave the reason, which is now wanting, Why the winter wind was to be preferred to man's ingratitude. WARBURTON. I am afraid that no reader is fatisfied with Dr. Warburton's emendation, however vigorously enforced; and it is indeed enforced with more art than truth. Sheen, i. e. fmiling, shining. That been fignifies fbining, is eafily proved, but when or where did it fignify Smiling? yet fmiling gives the fenfe neceflary in this place. Sir T. Hanmer's change is lefs uncouth, but too remote from the prefent text. For my part, I queftion whether the original line is not loft, and this fubftituted merely to fill up the measure and the rhyme. Yet even out of this line, by ftrong agitation may sense be elicited, and fenfe not unfuitable to the occafion. Thou winter wind, fays Amiens, thy rudeness gives the lefs pain, as thou art not feen, as thou art an enemy that doft not brave us with thy prefence, and whofe unkindness is therefore not aggravated by infult. JOHNSON. Though the old text may be tortured into a meaning, perhaps it would be as well to read: Because the heart's not feen. y harts, according to the ancient mode of writing, was easily corrupted. FARMER. DUKE S. If that you were the good fir Rowland's fon, As you have whisper'd faithfully, you were; So, in the Sonnet introduced into Love's Labour's Loft: "All unfeen 'gan paffage find." STEEVENS. Again, in Meafure for Meajure: "To be imprifon'd in the viewless winds." MALONE. 5 Though thou the waters warp,] The furface of waters, so long as they remain unfrozen, is apparently a perfect plane; whereas, when they are, this furface deviates from its exact flatness, or warps. This is remarkable in small ponds, the furface of which when frozen, forms a regular concave; the ice on the fides rifing higher than that in the middle. KENRICK. To warp was probably in Shakspeare's time, a colloquial word, which conveyed no distant allufion to any thing elfe, phyfical or mechanical. To warp is to turn, and to turn is to change: when milk is changed by curdling, we now fay it is turned: when water is changed or turned by froft, Shakspeare fays, it is curdled. To be warp'd is only to be changed from its natural state. JOHNSON. Dr. Johnfon is certainly right. So, in Cynthia's Revels, of Ben Jonfon. "I know not, he's grown out of his garb a-late, he's warp'd.-And fo, methinks too, he is much converted." Thus the mole is called the mould-warp, because it changes the appearance of the furface of the earth. Again, in The Winter's Tale, A&t I: 66 My favour here begins to warp." Dr. Farmer fuppofes warp'd to mean the fame as curdled, and adds that a fimilar idea occurs in Timon: the icicle "That curdled by the froft," &c. STEEVENS. Among a collection of Saxon adages in Hickes's Thefaurus, Vol. I. p. 221, the fucceeding appears: pinten rceal zeþeonpan peden, winter fhall warp water. So that Shakspeare's expreffion was anciently proverbial. It should be remarked, that among the numerous examples in Manning's excellent edition of Lye's Dictionary, there is no inítance of peonpan or ze peoppan, implying to freeze, bend, turn, or curdle, though it is a verb of very extenfive fignification. Probably this word ftill retains a fimilar fenfe in the Northern part of the Ifland, for in a Scottish parody on Dr. Percy's elegant ballad, beginning, "O Nancy, wit thou go with me,' |