rity School. There are also Sunday schools and Bible and Tract societies. Libraries, &c.-There are two public libraries, a Mechanics' Institution, and a Speculative Society. Banks.-The Leith Banking Company was established in 1792, but it ceased to exist within the last few years. There are branches of the Royal and of the Edinburgh and Glasgow Banks; and the Commercial, the National, the British Linen Company, and Bank of Scotland have all agencies here. There is also a Savings Bank. Restalrig. The village of Restalrig lies to the south-east of Leith, and adjoining to it on the east is the village of Jock's Lodge, where there are barracks capable of containing a regiment of cavalry. Newhaven.-This village lies about half a mile west of Leith Fort, and is inhabited chiefly by fishermen who supply the Edinburgh market with fish, oysters, &c. These fishermen, like most of those on the east coasts of Scotland, are a peculiar race of people, whose habits of life and occupations tend to keep them separate from the mass of the population. They rarely intermarry with other families, and thus they preserve a peculiar caste of countenance and physical constitution. This Newhaven colony is pre-eminent over others for its sober, industrious, and peaceable habits. The women, inured to daily exertion in the open air, are robust, active, and remarkable for their florid, healthy, and regular features, as also for the neatness and cleanliness of their personal appearance. The aspect of the male part of the community is less robust, but they are muscular, healthy, and active. Here there is a stone pier for the convenience of the fishermen, and the steam-boats which ply on the Frith. On the rising ground in the vicinity of the village, are numerous villas with gardens attached. A church was also erected here in 1838, and Newhaven converted into a quoad sacra parish. The population in 1841 was 2103. Trinity Chain Pier.-The grounds of Trinity extend to the westward, on which numerous handsome villas have been built. An elegant Chain Pier was erected here in 1820 under the direction of Captain Brown. The supports of the pier are fixed upon wooden piles; and the depth of the water is, at all times of the tide, sufficient to allow ordinary steam-boats to touch at the end of the pier, in order to receive passengers. This pier has never, however, been extensively used, and it is now greatly superseded EDINBURGH. 3 D by the harbour at Granton. It is too narrow to admit of bulky goods being carried along it. The depth of water at the lowest tides is 6 feet 4 inches; the greatest depth at highest tides 26 feet; the ordinary depth 17 feet. The number of passengers in 1836 was upwards of 120,000. The annual-rent for the same year was L.800. The terminus of the Edinburgh and Trinity Railroad is opposite to the chain pier, and a branch of the same is now forming onward to Granton harbour. James IV. erected here a yard and dock for ship-building, and a harbour for the accommodation of vessels. There was also a chapel erected and dedicated to St James. In 1510 the Town-Council of Edinburgh, apprehensive that this harbour might compete with and injure their port of Leith, purchased the superiority of it, which they still retain, including a right to the oyster scalps in the neighbouring frith. This fishery is rented at almost a nominal rent by the Newhaven fishermen. A few years ago, the Town- Council attempted to negotiate a more profitable lease of these oyster-beds to a London fishmonger; but the adventure proved an unfortunate one to both parties, and a source of great annoyance both to the poor fishermen and the numerous oyster eaters of Edinburgh. In former times, we read of a rope-work, salt-work, and a glass manufactory, all in operation here, but now there is nothing of the kind. Upwards of 300 fishermen and pilots reside at Newhaven. Oyster dredging occupies a considerable number during the winter months. In summer, several boats' crews repair to the northern coasts, to engage in the herring fishing. The sea has made great encroachments on the shore east of Newhaven. About fifty years ago "the Links" were so extensive as to admit the royal game of golf to be played on them. Now the ground has been entirely washed away. July 1845. Ecclesiastical State. Paroch. Schoolmasters' Emoluments. TABLE-Shewing the Ecclesiastical State, &c. of Parishes in the County of Edinburgh. Annual amount of contributions to the poor. INDEX. Abercorn, Earl of, improvements by, 397 · Academy, Edinburgh, 684 Advocates, faculty of, 715-library, 645 52, 59, 70, 94, 122, 140, 181, 194, 202, Alexander the painter, 697 Alison, Professor, 116 Allan, John, improvements by, 142 Almond water, 134, 135, 357, 434, 435, 589, 594-aqueduct, 145 Anatomical museum, Edinburgh, 682 Anne, Duchess of Monmouth, 489 Arniston house, 52, 157, 173 Arthur, Rev. Alexander, 529-Rev. John, Association for promoting the fine arts, Astronomical society, 688 Asylum for the blind, Edinburgh, 727 Baberton house, 546 Backwood water, 362 Baillie, James, Lord Forrester, 212—Mrs, Balerno, chapel at, 555-sandstone at, | Balmerinoch, Lord, 598 Banks, &c. Edinburgh, 751-Dalkeith, Bank of Scotland, 751 Barclay, Dr, bequest by, 687 Barrie, Alexander, 496 Bassilie, Rev. David, 235, 237 Beatman's acre, tradition regarding, 538 Bell, Andrew, 740 Bell tree, the, 199 Bell's school, Leith, 780 Bells mains, village of, 184 Bells quarry, village of, 375 Belmont house, 215 Ben Johnson at Hawthornden, 326, 331 Berrie, John, Esq. 496 Bison, attempt to naturalise the, 455 Blackfriars' monastery, 656 Bleachfield, Roslin, 354 Blind, asylum for the, 727 Blue Blanket, the, 623 Board for encouragement of fisheries, &c. 699 Bogle's hole, 282 proper- Bonally ponds, 109-house, 114, 120 Botanic gardens, Edinburgh, 691 Botany, 32, 50, 67, 80, 111, 135, 157, |