are four; and (5) the Pentad, in which there are five syllables. There are two varieties each of Duads and Triads. The use of the Cadence is determined by the accent and emphasis of the syllables composing the closing words of the sentence, as indicated by the heavier shaded notes in the following cuts:

The Monad is used when the last syllable of the closing word is strongly emphatic, or when the sentence ends in a very emphatic monosyllable.

(2) The Duad.

My answer would be a blow.

a. The First Duad is used when the next to the last syllable of the sentence is accented.

They all fired at ran - dom.

b. The Second Duad is used when the last syllable of the sentence is moderately strong.

Let me not hinder, Cassius, your de - sire.

(3) The Triad.

a. The Rising Triad is used when the last three syllables are about equally emphatic.

Ah, good painter, you can't paint sound!

b. The Falling Triad is used when the second from the last syllable of the sentence is accented.

The feast was bountiful.

(4) The Tetrad is used when the third from the last syllable of the sentence is accented.

The work was done beau - ti - ful - ly.

(5) The Pentad is used when the fourth from the last syllable of the sentence is accented.

He was prompted by pure dis - in - ter - est - ed - ness.

FAULTS OF CADENCE

In practicing Cadence students are cautioned against the following defects:

a. Dropping the voice too suddenly at the close of the sentence,

b. Allowing the voice to rise on the last syllable,

c. Giving the last syllable with a note of song,

d. Turning plain discourse into pathos by using the slide of the semitone on the last note, and

e. Making Cadence where the thought is not complete, as is often the case in reading poetry.

Selection illustrating Cadence.

NOTE. Determine its class and execute each of the Cadences in the following selection. Strive for a positive and satisfactory close to each sentence where a Cadence is required.

A FOOL IN THE FOREST FROM
"AS YOU LIKE IT"

WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE

Jaques. A fool, a fool! I met a fool i' the forest,

A motley fool; a miserable world!

As I do live by food, I met a fool,

Who laid him down and bask'd him in the sun,
And rail'd on Lady Fortune in good terms,
In good set terms, - and yet a motley fool!
'Good morrow, fool,' quoth I. No, sir,' quoth he,
'Call me not fool till Heaven hath sent me fortune.'
And then he drew a dial from his poke,
And, looking on it with lack-lustre eye,

Says very wisely, 'It is ten o'clock:

Thus we may see,' quoth he, 'how the world wags:
'Tis but an hour ago since it was nine,

And after one hour more 'twill be eleven:
And so, from hour to hour, we ripe and ripe,
And then, from hour to hour, we rot and rot;
And thereby hangs a tale.' When I did hear
The motley fool thus moral on the time,
My lungs began to crow like chanticleer,
That fools should be so deep-contemplative;
And I did laugh, sans intermission,

An hour by his dial. — O noble fool!

A worthy fool! - Motley's the only wear.

O worthy fool! One that hath been a courtier,

And says, if ladies be but young and fair,

They have the gift to know't; and in his brain,
Which is as dry as the remainder biscuit

After a voyage,
he hath strange places cramm'd
With observation, the which he vents
In mangled forms. — O, that I were a fool!
I am ambitious for a motley coat. . . .

It is my only suit;

Invest me in my motley; give me leave

To speak my mind, and I will through and through
Cleanse the foul body of th' infected world,

If they will patiently receive my medicine.

Selection illustrating Melody.

NOTE. Strive for a pleasing variety in the Current Melody and avoid the faults named above in the execution of the Cadences.

IMPARTIAL ARBITRATION

W. J. BRYAN

A speech delivered before the Inter-Parliamentary Union, in London, July 26, 1906, on a resolution introduced by Mr. Bryan asking for an international commission of inquiry or the mediation of friendly powers, in case of disputes between nations.

The first advantage of this resolution is that it secures an investigation of the facts, and if you can but separate the facts from the question of honor, the chances are one hundred to one that you can settle both the fact and the question of honor without war. There is, therefore, a great advantage in an investigation that brings out the facts, for disputed facts between nations, as between friends, are the cause of most disagreements.

The second advantage of this investigation is that it gives time for calm consideration. That has already been well presented by the gentleman who has preceded me. I need not say to you that man excited is a very different animal from man calm, and that questions ought to be settled not by passion but by deliberation. If this resolution would do nothing else but give time for reflection and deliberation, there would be sufficient reason for its adoption. If we can but stay the hand of war until conscience can assert itself, war will be made more remote. When men are mad they swagger around and tell what they can do; when they are calm they consider what they ought to do.

The third advantage of this investigation is that it gives opportunity to mobilize public opinion for the compelling of a peaceful settlement, and that is an advantage not to be overlooked. Public opinion is coming to be more and more a power in the world. One of the greatest statesmen of my country — Thomas Jefferson, and, if it would not offend, I would say I believe him to be the greatest statesman the world has produced said that if he had to choose between a government without newspapers and newspapers without a government, he would rather risk the newspapers without a government. You may call it an extravagant statement, and yet it presents an idea, and that idea is that public opinion is a controlling force. I am glad that the time is coming when public

opinion is to be more and more powerful; glad that the time is coming when the moral sentiment of one nation will influence the action of other nations; glad that the time is coming when the world will realize that a war between two nations affects others than the nations involved; glad that the time is coming when the world will insist that nations settle their differences by some peaceful means. If time is given for the marshaling of the force of public opinion, peace will be promoted. This resolution is presented, therefore, for the reason that it gives an opportunity to investigate the facts and to separate them from the question of honor, that it gives time for the calming of passion, and that it gives time for the formation of a controlling public sentiment.

I will not disguise the fact that I consider this resolution a long step in the direction of peace, nor will I disguise the fact that I am here because I want this Inter-Parliamentary Union to take just as long a step as possible in the direction of universal peace. We meet in a famous hall, and looking down upon us from these walls are pictures that illustrate not only the glory that is to be won in war, but the horrors that follow war. There is a picture of one of the great figures in English history (pointing to the fresco by Maclise of the death of Nelson). Lord Nelson is represented as dying, and around him are the mangled forms of others. I understand that war brings out certain virtues. I am aware that it gives opportunity for the display of great patriotism; I am aware that the example of men who give their lives for their country is inspiring; but I venture to say there is as much inspiration in a noble life as there is in a heroic death, and I trust that one of the results of this Inter-Parliamentary Union will be to emphasize the doctrine that a life devoted to the public, and ever flowing, like a spring, with good, exerts an influence upon the human race and upon the destiny of the world as great as any death in war. And if you will permit me to mention one whose career I watched with interest and whose name I revere, I will say that, in my humble judgment, the sixty-four years of spotless public service of William Ewart Gladstone will, in years to come, be regarded as as rich an ornament to the