Charged Particles in OncologyMarco Durante, Francis A. Cucinotta, Jay S. Loeffler Frontiers Media SA, 31 jan 2018 High-energy charged particles represent a cutting-edge technique in radiation oncology. Protons and carbon ions are used in several centers all over the world for the treatment of different solid tumors. Typical indications are ocular malignancies, tumors of the base of the skull, hepatocellular carcinomas and various sarcomas. The physical characteristics of the charged particles (Bragg peak) allow sparing of much more normal tissues than it is possible using conventional X-rays, and for this reason all pediatric tumors are considered eligible for protontherapy. Ions heavier than protons also display special radiobiological characteristics, which make them effective against radioresistant and hypoxic tumors. On the other hand, protons and ions with high charge (Z) and energy (HZE particles) represent a major risk for human space exploration. The main late effect of radiation exposure is cancer induction, and at the moment the dose limits for astronauts are based on cancer mortality risk. The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) measured the dose on the route to Mars and on the planet’s surface, suggesting that a human exploration missions will exceed the radiation risk limits. Notwithstanding many studies on carcinogenesis induced by protons and heavy ions, the risk uncertainty remains very high. In this research topic we aim at gathering the experiences and opinions of scientists dealing with high-energy charged particles either for cancer treatment or for space radiation protection. Clinical results with protons and heavy ions, as well as research in medical physics and pre-clinical radiobiology are reported. In addition, ground-based and spaceflight studies on the effects of space radiation are included in this book. Particularly relevant for space studies are the clinical results on normal tissue complications and second cancers. The eBook nicely demonstrates that particle therapy in oncology and protection of astronauts from space radiation share many common topics, and can learn from each other. |
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Charged Particles in Oncology | 10 |
Efficient Rejoining of DNA DoubleStrand Breaks despite Increased CellKilling Effectiveness following SpreadOut Bragg Peak CarbonIon Irradiation | 13 |
DNA Damage Response Proteins and Oxygen Modulate Prostaglandin E2 Growth Factor Release in Response to Low and High LET Ionizing Radiation | 21 |
Higher Initial DNA Damage and Persistent Cell Cycle Arrest after Carbon Ion Irradiation Compared to Xirradiation in Prostate and Colon Cancer Cells | 35 |
Impact of Charged Particle Exposure on Homologous Dna DoubleStrand Break Repair in Human BloodDerived Cells | 45 |
Induction of Chronic Inflammation and Altered Levels of DNA Hydroxymethylation in Somatic and Germinal Tissues of CBACaJ Mice Exposed to ... | 56 |
Novel Biological Approaches for Testing the Contributions of Single DSBs and DSB Clusters to the Biological Effects of High LET Radiation | 67 |
Short DNA Fragments Are a Hallmark of Heavy ChargedParticle Irradiation and May Underlie Their Greater Therapeutic Efficacy | 79 |
Absorptive and Reflective | 359 |
Fast Pencil Beam Dose Calculation for Proton Therapy Using a DoubleGaussian Beam Model | 368 |
Calibration with an Optical System and 4D PET Imaging | 379 |
Monitoring of Hadrontherapy Treatments by Means of Charged Particle Detection | 389 |
Monte Carlo Calculations Supporting Patient Plan Verification in Proton Therapy | 406 |
Phase Space Generation for Proton and Carbon Ion Beams for External Users Applications at the Heidelberg Ion Therapy Center | 414 |
Treatment Parameters Optimization to Compensate for Interfractional Anatomy Variability and Intrafractional Tumor Motion | 429 |
The European Training Network in Digital Medical Imaging for Radiotherapy ENTERVISION | 440 |
Biological effectiveness of accelerated protons for chromosome exchanges | 88 |
Another Look at RadiationInduced Exchanges and Their Conversion to WholeGenome Equivalency | 95 |
Correlation of Particle Traversals with Clonogenic Survival Using CellFluorescent Ion Track Hybrid Detector | 109 |
Studies on Biological Effectiveness and Side Effect Mechanisms in Multicellular Tumor and Normal Tissue Models | 116 |
Effects of Charged Particles on Human Tumor Cells | 128 |
Exposure to Carbon Ions Triggers Proinflammatory Signals and Changes in Homeostasis and Epidermal Tissue Organization to a Similar Extent as P... | 147 |
The Effect of XRay and Heavy Ions Radiations on Chemotherapy Refractory Tumor Cells | 160 |
The Influence of CIons and Xrays on Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells | 169 |
Transcription Factors in the Cellular Response to Charged Particle Exposure | 179 |
Experience of Gunma University | 199 |
Comparison of Individual Radiosensitivity to γRays and Carbon Ions | 209 |
Decreased RXRα is associated with increased βcateninTCF4 in 56Feinduced intestinal tumors | 218 |
HZE Radiation NonTargeted Effects on the Microenvironment That Mediate Mammary Carcinogenesis | 225 |
implications for hematological cancers | 235 |
Ionizing Particle Radiation as a Modulator of Endogenous Bone Marrow Cell Reprogramming Implications for Hematological Cancers | 244 |
RadiationInduced Reprogramming of PreSenescent Mammary Epithelial Cells Enriches Putative CD44+CD24low Stem Cell Phenotype | 246 |
Implications for Instability Reprograming and Carcinogenesis | 255 |
underlying physics and Monte Carlo modeling | 274 |
Experimental Comparison of KnifeEdge and MultiParallel Slit Collimators for Prompt Gamma Imaging of Proton Pencil Beams | 301 |
Two Methods for In Vivo Range Assessment in Proton Therapy | 309 |
First Images of a ThreeLayer Compton Telescope Prototype for Treatment Monitoring in Hadron Therapy | 322 |
Assessment of Geant4 PromptGamma Emission Yields in the Context of Proton Therapy Monitoring | 328 |
An Accurate Simulation Tool for Particle Therapy | 335 |
Medical Applications at CERN and the ENLIGHT Network | 447 |
A simpler energy transfer efficiency model to predict relative biological effect for protons and heavier ions | 455 |
A Simpler Energy Transfer Efficiency Model to Predict Relative Biological Effect for Protons and Heavier Ions | 464 |
Calculating Variations in Biological Effectiveness for a 62 MeV Proton Beam | 465 |
Modeling combined chemotherapy and particle therapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer | 475 |
Paving the Road for Modern Particle Therapy What Can We Learn from the Experience Gained with Fast Neutron Therapy in Munich? | 487 |
Increase in Tumor Control and Normal Tissue Complication Probabilities in Advanced HeadandNeck Cancer for DoseEscalated IntensityModulated P... | 494 |
Protons Photons and the Prostate Is There Emerging Evidence in the Ongoing Discussion on Particle Therapy for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer? | 503 |
The Emerging Role of CarbonIon Radiotherapy | 510 |
The Role of Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy with Photons Protons and Heavy Ions for Treating Extracranial Lesions | 516 |
A Review of RadiotherapyInduced Late Effects Research after Advanced Technology Treatments | 530 |
Secondary Malignancy Risk Following Proton Radiation Therapy | 541 |
The impact of neutrons in clinical proton therapy | 547 |
Applications of HighThroughput Clonogenic Survival Assays in HighLET Particle Microbeams | 552 |
Charged Particle Therapy with MiniSegmented Beams | 561 |
From the Conventional Hadrontherapy to the LaserDriven Approach | 569 |
Evaluation of Superconducting Magnet Shield Configurations for Long Duration Manned Space Missions | 582 |
Issues for simulation of galactic cosmic ray exposures for radiobiological research at groundbased accelerators | 603 |
Personalized Cancer Risk Assessments for Space Radiation Exposures | 617 |
Radiation Measurements Performed with Active Detectors Relevant for Human Space Exploration | 626 |
The Role of Nuclear Fragmentation in Particle Therapy and Space Radiation Protection | 636 |