Charged Particles in Oncology

Voorkant
Marco Durante, Francis A. Cucinotta, Jay S. Loeffler
Frontiers Media SA, 31 jan 2018

 High-energy charged particles represent a cutting-edge technique in radiation oncology. Protons and carbon ions are used in several centers all over the world for the treatment of different solid tumors. Typical indications are ocular malignancies, tumors of the base of the skull, hepatocellular carcinomas and various sarcomas. The physical characteristics of the charged particles (Bragg peak) allow sparing of much more normal tissues than it is possible using conventional X-rays, and for this reason all pediatric tumors are considered eligible for protontherapy. Ions heavier than protons also display special radiobiological characteristics, which make them effective against radioresistant and hypoxic tumors. 


On the other hand, protons and ions with high charge (Z) and energy (HZE particles) represent a major risk for human space exploration. The main late effect of radiation exposure is cancer induction, and at the moment the dose limits for astronauts are based on cancer mortality risk. The Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) measured the dose on the route to Mars and on the planet’s surface, suggesting that a human exploration missions will exceed the radiation risk limits. Notwithstanding many studies on carcinogenesis induced by protons and heavy ions, the risk uncertainty remains very high. 

In this research topic we aim at gathering the experiences and opinions of scientists dealing with high-energy charged particles either for cancer treatment or for space radiation protection. Clinical results with protons and heavy ions, as well as research in medical physics and pre-clinical radiobiology are reported. In addition, ground-based and spaceflight studies on the effects of space radiation are included in this book. Particularly relevant for space studies are the clinical results on normal tissue complications and second cancers. 

The eBook nicely demonstrates that particle therapy in oncology and protection of astronauts from space radiation share many common topics, and can learn from each other.
 

Inhoudsopgave

Charged Particles in Oncology
10
Efficient Rejoining of DNA DoubleStrand Breaks despite Increased CellKilling Effectiveness following SpreadOut Bragg Peak CarbonIon Irradiation
13
DNA Damage Response Proteins and Oxygen Modulate Prostaglandin E2 Growth Factor Release in Response to Low and High LET Ionizing Radiation
21
Higher Initial DNA Damage and Persistent Cell Cycle Arrest after Carbon Ion Irradiation Compared to Xirradiation in Prostate and Colon Cancer Cells
35
Impact of Charged Particle Exposure on Homologous Dna DoubleStrand Break Repair in Human BloodDerived Cells
45
Induction of Chronic Inflammation and Altered Levels of DNA Hydroxymethylation in Somatic and Germinal Tissues of CBACaJ Mice Exposed to ...
56
Novel Biological Approaches for Testing the Contributions of Single DSBs and DSB Clusters to the Biological Effects of High LET Radiation
67
Short DNA Fragments Are a Hallmark of Heavy ChargedParticle Irradiation and May Underlie Their Greater Therapeutic Efficacy
79
Absorptive and Reflective
359
Fast Pencil Beam Dose Calculation for Proton Therapy Using a DoubleGaussian Beam Model
368
Calibration with an Optical System and 4D PET Imaging
379
Monitoring of Hadrontherapy Treatments by Means of Charged Particle Detection
389
Monte Carlo Calculations Supporting Patient Plan Verification in Proton Therapy
406
Phase Space Generation for Proton and Carbon Ion Beams for External Users Applications at the Heidelberg Ion Therapy Center
414
Treatment Parameters Optimization to Compensate for Interfractional Anatomy Variability and Intrafractional Tumor Motion
429
The European Training Network in Digital Medical Imaging for Radiotherapy ENTERVISION
440

Biological effectiveness of accelerated protons for chromosome exchanges
88
Another Look at RadiationInduced Exchanges and Their Conversion to WholeGenome Equivalency
95
Correlation of Particle Traversals with Clonogenic Survival Using CellFluorescent Ion Track Hybrid Detector
109
Studies on Biological Effectiveness and Side Effect Mechanisms in Multicellular Tumor and Normal Tissue Models
116
Effects of Charged Particles on Human Tumor Cells
128
Exposure to Carbon Ions Triggers Proinflammatory Signals and Changes in Homeostasis and Epidermal Tissue Organization to a Similar Extent as P...
147
The Effect of XRay and Heavy Ions Radiations on Chemotherapy Refractory Tumor Cells
160
The Influence of CIons and Xrays on Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells
169
Transcription Factors in the Cellular Response to Charged Particle Exposure
179
Experience of Gunma University
199
Comparison of Individual Radiosensitivity to γRays and Carbon Ions
209
Decreased RXRα is associated with increased βcateninTCF4 in 56Feinduced intestinal tumors
218
HZE Radiation NonTargeted Effects on the Microenvironment That Mediate Mammary Carcinogenesis
225
implications for hematological cancers
235
Ionizing Particle Radiation as a Modulator of Endogenous Bone Marrow Cell Reprogramming Implications for Hematological Cancers
244
RadiationInduced Reprogramming of PreSenescent Mammary Epithelial Cells Enriches Putative CD44+CD24low Stem Cell Phenotype
246
Implications for Instability Reprograming and Carcinogenesis
255
underlying physics and Monte Carlo modeling
274
Experimental Comparison of KnifeEdge and MultiParallel Slit Collimators for Prompt Gamma Imaging of Proton Pencil Beams
301
Two Methods for In Vivo Range Assessment in Proton Therapy
309
First Images of a ThreeLayer Compton Telescope Prototype for Treatment Monitoring in Hadron Therapy
322
Assessment of Geant4 PromptGamma Emission Yields in the Context of Proton Therapy Monitoring
328
An Accurate Simulation Tool for Particle Therapy
335
Medical Applications at CERN and the ENLIGHT Network
447
A simpler energy transfer efficiency model to predict relative biological effect for protons and heavier ions
455
A Simpler Energy Transfer Efficiency Model to Predict Relative Biological Effect for Protons and Heavier Ions
464
Calculating Variations in Biological Effectiveness for a 62 MeV Proton Beam
465
Modeling combined chemotherapy and particle therapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer
475
Paving the Road for Modern Particle Therapy What Can We Learn from the Experience Gained with Fast Neutron Therapy in Munich?
487
Increase in Tumor Control and Normal Tissue Complication Probabilities in Advanced HeadandNeck Cancer for DoseEscalated IntensityModulated P...
494
Protons Photons and the Prostate Is There Emerging Evidence in the Ongoing Discussion on Particle Therapy for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer?
503
The Emerging Role of CarbonIon Radiotherapy
510
The Role of Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy with Photons Protons and Heavy Ions for Treating Extracranial Lesions
516
A Review of RadiotherapyInduced Late Effects Research after Advanced Technology Treatments
530
Secondary Malignancy Risk Following Proton Radiation Therapy
541
The impact of neutrons in clinical proton therapy
547
Applications of HighThroughput Clonogenic Survival Assays in HighLET Particle Microbeams
552
Charged Particle Therapy with MiniSegmented Beams
561
From the Conventional Hadrontherapy to the LaserDriven Approach
569
Evaluation of Superconducting Magnet Shield Configurations for Long Duration Manned Space Missions
582
Issues for simulation of galactic cosmic ray exposures for radiobiological research at groundbased accelerators
603
Personalized Cancer Risk Assessments for Space Radiation Exposures
617
Radiation Measurements Performed with Active Detectors Relevant for Human Space Exploration
626
The Role of Nuclear Fragmentation in Particle Therapy and Space Radiation Protection
636
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