"Rebecca and her Daughters" make a daring display at the Pothynid gate, on the Swansea road. They destroy the toll-house, and compel the parish constable to walk round the ruins on his knees while they administer sixty lashes.

24.-G. W. Hamilton, calling himself a solicitor, was sentenced at the Central Criminal Court to fourteen years' transportation, for attempting to extort money from the friends of Miss Hopper, Bayswater, by threatening to send to the Satirist a report of the visits he untruthfully charged her with making to a house of ill-fame.

25.-Tried at the Central Criminal Court Lieut. Cuddy, of the 55th, and Mr. Gulliver, surgeon in the Royal Horse Guards, charged with being assistants at the fatal duel near Camden Town on the 1st July. The charge against Gulliver was withdrawn, and he was admitted as a witness against Lieut. Cuddy, but his evidence did not explain much beyond the fact that the fatal shot was the result of a mistake. A verdict of Not guilty was returned, and Lieut. Cuddy, known as a brave soldier in the China war, was discharged.

Robert Taylor, charged with no fewer than five acts of bigamy, sentenced at the Liverpool assizes to fourteen years' transportation.

26.—Parliament prorogued by the Queen in person. In the Royal Speech reference was made to the disturbances in Wales and the repeal agitation in Ireland.

28. Her Majesty and Prince Albert leave Windsor Castle for Southampton, where they start in the new yacht, Victoria and Albert, on a marine excursion to the coast of France.

30.-The Times' correspondent writes from Carmarthen, that the spread of dissent has contributed in no small degree to the present state of lawless organization which exists in Wales.

31. Robert Dodd murdered in Cobham Park by his son, a young man subject to sudden fits of insanity, and who was well known among artists as the designer of the cartoon, "St. George after the death of the Dragon," recently exhibited in Westminster

Hall.

September 2.-The Queen and Prince Albert arrive at Treport, where they are welcomed by the King and Queen of the French. The first interview on board the royal yacht was one of great interest. Her Majesty, who had been anxiously watching the arrival of the King's barge, went to the head of the ladder as soon as his Majesty went alongside in order to receive him. The King went up with a quick step, and immediately on reaching the deck kissed the Queen and shook hands with Prince Albert. On landing at Treport, the King presented her Majesty to his queen, by whom she was conveyed to the pavilion over which waved

the flags of France and England. Her Majesty, after resting a while at the pavilion, received the congratulations of the authorities, including the parish priests of Eu and Treport. In the evening the royal party set out for the Château d'Eu, where a grand banquet was served up. Her Majesty sat between the King and the Prince de Joinville. On the 4th a fête champêtre was given at the Mont d'Orléans, a beautiful spot in the Forest of Eu. The visit lasted till the 7th, each day being marked by some special feature of festive or military display.

"Rebecca" writes to the Welshman:"We don't care a straw for all the soldiers, rural police, and special constables, for Rebecca can bring into the field a better force and a much more numerous one. Rebecca is more than a hundred thousand strong. If God spares her life, she will work out the redemption of her poor oppressed children."

7. Fire in the old Castle Tavern, Bristol, when the landlord, a helpless, bedridden man, was burnt to death.

--

- Public meeting in the Crown and Anchor Tavern, to consider what means should be adopted for ascertaining the fate of Colonel Stoddart and Capt. Conolly, the Bokhara captives. It was intimated that Dr. Wolfe, who had long been in that part of the East, was ready to set out on the mission.

8. The Bishop of Norwich introduces Father Mathew to a large meeting there:"I meet you here," he said, addressing the Apostle of Temperance, " not as a priest, but as a Christian brother, upon neutral ground, where all denominations of Christians may delight to visit and unite together in a common and holy cause." The right reverend prelate here bowed before the chairman, and extended his hand to Father Mathew, which was cordially grasped and shaken by the latter amidst the cheers of the assembled thousands.

9.-The Cardigan and Paget correspondence. -The Dublin Evening Post having copied from the Satirist an account of the improper intercourse of the Earl of Cardigan with Lady William Paget, that officer now, writes that the alleged facts are entirely untrue, and a foul calumny againt both the parties accused. Lord William Paget, with reference to this denial, writes: "With a full conviction that I am painfully right, I shall rest my case, without further comment, in the hands of my legal advisers, until the result of a deliberate trial at law upon the evidence then to be adduced shall determine the guilt or innocence of the Earl of Cardigan."

10. "Rebecca" and her followers murder an old woman, keeper of a tollgate. Government offered a reward of 500l. for the discovery of the ringleaders, and afterwards appointed a Special Commission to inquire into the operation of the Turnpike Laws in Wales.

12. The Queen and Prince Albert leave Brighton, in the royal yacht, on a visit to the King of the Belgians. During the ensuing week they visited Bruges, Ghent, Brussels, and Antwerp.

- Six Liverpool thieves confined in the prison of Castle Rushin, Isle of Man, contrive to break out, and seizing the governor's pleasureboat in the bay, sail off in the direction of Ireland. Some of them were afterwards captured in Anglesea.

16. Numerous fires in London. About forty occurred between this date and the 21st.

19.-Disturbance at Roskeen, Tain, on the occasion of the settlement of the Rev. John Mackenzie as minister of that parish. At the trial of the rioters, Mr. Gibson, of Avoch, the presbytery clerk, said, on proceeding towards the church they met two or three brethren returning in a state of great excitement, having been prevented entering the church by the mob. They remained together till the lordlieutenant and convenor of the county arrived, and then proceeded towards the church, but were driven back by stones. The presbytery were forced to take shelter behind a range of stables, where they remained half an hour. Sheriff Jardine read the Riot Act, and the coast-guard fired, but still the members could not reach the church for the mob, and they retired to Fortrose, where the process of induction was completed.

23. A witch impostor tried at Dingwall, Ross-shire, and sentenced to three months' imprisonment, for obtaining money under a false pretence of curing diseases and recovering stolen property.

26.-The Lord Mayor entertains General Espartero at the Mansion House. The Corporation present him with an address, expressive of their sympathy with him in his "forced retirement."

October 1.-Another of the series of monster Repeal meetings took place this day (Sunday) at the Rath of Mulloghmast, county of Kildare. O'Connell arrived, seated in the front of an open carriage, and dressed in the scarlet velvet robe and gold chain which he wore as Lord Mayor of Dublin.

He was

accompanied by the majority of the corporation of Dublin in their official robes.

In the course of his address, O'Connell said, "I thought this a fit and becoming spot on which to show our unanimity, and on which, in the open day, to evince our determination not to be misled by any treachery. Oh, my friends, I'll keep you free of treachery. There will be no bargain, no compromise, nothing but repeal and a Parliament of our own.

Confide in no false hopes till you hear me say, 'I'm satisfied!' And I'll tell you where I'll say that-near the statue of King William on College Green. Amongst the nations of the earth Ireland stands No. I in the physical strength of her men, in the

A blacksmith named Thomson enters the Secession Church, Main-street, Glasgow, where St. George's Free congregation were assembled for worship. Ascending to the pulpit, he then composedly fills a glass with whisky, and proposed as a toast The Crown and the Congregation." On attempting to leave the church he was seized by one or two of the astonished onlookers, and conveyed to the police-office. Next day he was fined 10/. for the offence, or failing payment, sixty days in Bridewell. The outrage, he said, had been committed to gain a bet of 5s.

4.-Painful exhibition at Stirling. Allan Mair, a grey-haired, stooping, but hale old man, 84 years of age, was executed in front of the court-house for the murder of his wife. A few minutes past 8 o'clock the prisoner was carried out of his cell to the court-room where the customary religious exercise was engaged in. He cried a good deal at this time, the tears streaming through his bony fingers when he pressed them to his face, and every now and then he wrung his hands in intense agony at the injustice to which he thought he had been subjected. He was carried out of the courtroom and placed in a chair beneath the drop. In compliance with his earnest desire he was here permitted to speak, which he did with great vigour for fully ten minutes, denouncing with the most fearful imprecations every one who had taken any part in his apprehension, examination, or trial. This cursing, as he called it, of the witnesses, with all the curses of the 109th Psalm, was continued even after the white cap had been drawn over his face. When the bolt was drawn he raised one of his hands, which had not been properly pinioned, to the back of his neck, seized the rope convulsively, and endeavoured to save himself, but his grasp relaxed after a short and violent struggle. Allan Mair was a well-known chaHe had racter in the Stirlingshire district. been brought up on the farm of Blackstone, in Muiravonshire parish, and then removed to Heatherstocks, during the possession of which he alienated the most of his means in raising trespass actions against his neighbours. All through life from the period of his dashing youth, he was known as a kind of wild, In his latter days roving, litigious Ishmaelite. he had a small allowance from the parish in which he resided.

7.-The Lord Lieutenant issues a proclamation, prohibiting the great Repeal gathering announced for. next day at Clontarf. Another

At

proclamation followed from O'Connell, intimating that the meeting was abandoned. the weekly Repeal meeting on Monday he said he did not hesitate to repeat, if he were to go to the scaffold for it, that if the Government had intended to entrap the people into a massacre they would not have acted otherwise than they did. A Repeal banquet took place the same day in the Rotunda.

8.-A Shields pilot rode across Tynemouth bar at low-water. At high-water, on the same day, the William Brandt, of Archangel, 1,000 tons burthen, sailed over it, being the largest laden vessel which ever left the Tyne.

10. The Special Commission of the Free Church issue an address to the inhabitants of Ross-shire, warning them to lay aside that disorderly spirit which they had recently shown at the settlement of Established ministers within their bounds.

14. The Rev. J. H. Newman writes to a friend :-" I would tell you in a few words why I have resigned St. Mary's, as you seem to wish, were it possible to do so. But it is most difficult to bring out in brief, or even in extenso, any just view of my feelings and reasons. The nearest approach I can give to a general account of them is to say that it has been caused by the general repudiation of the view contained in No. XC. on the part of the Church. I would not stand against such an unanimous expression of opinion from the Bishop, supported, as it has been, by the concurrence, or at least silence, of all classes in the Church, lay and clerical." On the 25th, "It is not from disappointment, irritation, or impatience that I have, whether rightly or wrongly, resigned St. Mary's, but because I think the Church of Rome the Catholic Church, and ours not a part of the Catholic Church because not in communion with Rome, and because I feel that I could not honestly be a teacher in it any longer."

Daniel O'Connell and John O'Connell enter bail to answer any charge of conspiracy and misdemeanour which may be preferred against them by the Attorney-General next term. The Agitator immediately issued an address "To the People of Ireland." "If you will during this crisis follow my advice, and act as I intreat you to do, patiently, quietly, legally, I think I can pledge myself to you that the period is not distant when our revered Sovereign will open the Irish Parliament on College Green."

23. Opening of Conciliation Hall, Dublin, by the Repeal Association.

25.-The Queen and Prince Albert visit Cambridge, and receive addresses from the Heads of Universities. In the afternoon the royal party set out for Wimpole, the seat of the Earl of Hardwicke, where they remained over the night.

26.-A Special Commission sits at Cardiff for the trial of the "Rebecca" rioters. Those

against whom the grand jury found true bills mostly pleaded guilty, and were sentenced to various terms of imprisonment.

ton.

27.-About midnight a gang of armed burglars enter the rectory of Sutton BonningThey plundered the house and barbarously ill-treated the Rev. R. Meek, on attempting to make his escape in his night-dress to the nearest village. He was insensible for some time, but recovered consciousness when being led back by one of the gang through his own hall. They had all masks, he said, made of a kind of black calico, with large eyeholes cut in them, and hanging down below the chin. Under threat of instant death they compelled the other inmates of the house to bring the valuables to them, which were carefully packed up and removed by the burglars. At the ensuing Nottingham assizes (December 18th) four of the gang were sentenced to transportation for life.

November 3.-The Morning Chronicle publishes the first of Sydney Smith's amusing letters on Pennsylvanian repudiation.

4.-Fatal affray at the Patent Saw Mills, Cork, originating in a dispute about the ownership. Dr. Quarry, one of the partners, was shot, and two workmen badly wounded.

8.-The grand jury charged with the indictments against O'Connell and others return into Court with true bills against all the parties. The traversers appeared upon their recognizances, and the judges sanctioned the application made to them by the AttorneyGeneral that they should be called on to plead within four days. Before the expiry of this time they put in a plea of abatement. The trial was ultimately arranged to commence on the 15th January.

9.-Came on for sentence before the High Court of Justiciary, Henry Robinson and Thomas Potheron, charged with selling blasphemous and indecent publications. The first was sentenced to imprisonment for twelve months and the second to fifteen months.

Queen Pomaré writes to the King of the French that the sovereignty of Tahiti had been seized by the French admiral, because she was accused of violating the treaty of September 1843. "I never intended when I placed my crown on my flag to condemn the treaty and insult you, O King. Your admiral only required a slight change in it; but had I acceded to his desire, I would have been despised by my great chiefs." She further protested against the harsh measures of the admiral, and hoped for liberation and compassion from the King.

11.-Luton Hoo, the seat of the Marquis of Bute, destroyed by fire. Most of the furniture was saved, and also the books and paintings.

12.-Sacrifice of the Mass offered up in the parish chapel of Ballintra, Donegal, for the

spiritual and temporal benefit of the Libe

rator.

14. The Anti-Corn-Law League resolve to raise 100,000l. to promote the object they have in view. 12,600/. subscribed in Manchester during the day.

15.-A little girl frightened to death in Ratcliffe-highway by one of her companions suddenly appearing in a white dress and black mask.

19. Tribute Sunday in Ireland. 3,490. collected for the maintenance and defence of O'Connell.

21.-The Times declares the League to he a great fact. The number of its members, the amount of its funds, and the extent of its labours are all facts. "It is our duty to recognise, not conceal them; to meet them, not to slight them; to extract from an admitted evil the good which may lurk beneath. . . . . Let some concession be proposed, some neutral ground fixed on, and the voice of discord will be hushed."

28.-The Queen and Prince Albert, with the Queen Dowager, visit Sir Robert Peel at Drayton Manor; next day the Duke of Devonshire, at Chatsworth; and finally the Duke of Rutland, at Belvoir.

December 2.-Came on for hearing in the Court of Queen's Bench the case of the Duke of Brunswick against Holt and the two Branders, for libels published in the Age newspaper. The libels were contained in a number of articles, described by Serjeant Talfourd as conveying abominable imputations in a dark and cowardly manner. The jury returned a verdict of Guilty.

8. At the Guildhall Police Court Sir Peter Laurie permits an operative tailor to expose and substantiate by evidence the evils of the "sweating system, as practised by the lower class of clothiers in London.

20.-A party of Ojibbeway Indians exhibit themselves at Windsor Castle, under the auspices of Mr. Catlin.

-Numerous incendiary fires about this time in the counties of Essex, Suffolk, and Norfolk.

Died in obscurity in Edinburgh, where he lived under the name of Thomas Wilson, the Rev. Percy Jocelyn, once Bishop of Clogher, but degraded for a crime committed in London in 1822.

-The Governor-General of India announces his intention of interfering in the affairs of the Scindia district. "The British Government has so long deferred intervention in the distracted affairs of the Gwalior state, in the sincere hope that the chiefs themselves would establish an administration willing and able to satisfy its reasonable demands, and to maintain the accustomed friendly relations between the

two states. The British Government can neither permit the existence of an unfriendly government within the territories of Scindia, nor that those territories should be without a government capable of coercing its own subjects. The Governor-General will therefore direct the immediate advance of forces amply sufficient to effect all the just purposes of the British Government,-to obtain guarantees for the future security of its own subjects on the common frontier of the two states,-to protect the person of the Maharaja,-to quell disturbances within his Highness's terrritories, and to chastise all who shall remain in disobedience."

27. Between 4 and 5 o'clock this morning a murder is committed in the cottage of John Geddes, a farm labourer, living at Blaw Wearie, in the parish of West Calder. James Bryce, his brother-in-law, had called on him the night before to borrow money on the pretence that one of his children was dead. Geddes refused to give him any, but permitted Bryce to remain all night, as he had about twenty miles to walk back. He awoke him early to start on his return journey. Geddes arose at the same time to make him some brose for breakfast. They had some angry words about the money, as also about a watch formerly left for a small loan. "I was sitting by the fire with the tongs in my hand. He had just put the pot on, and was turning round, when it came into my head to murder him, and I struck him with the tongs. never spoke, but I kept beating him after he was down. I struck him many blows, and when he began to stir I took a cord which was lying on the floor, and put it round his neck to strangle him should he come to life again." Bryce secured what money he could find in the house, and made his escape from the locality. He was apprehended near Dumfries on the 12th January.

He

28. Fire in Liverpool, commencing in Brancker's extensive sugar refinery, and destroying a large range of premises filled with stock and machinery. One or two lives were lost.

29. The army of Gwalior, under the command of Gen. Sir H. Gough, Commander-inChief, and in presence of the Governor-General, defeat the native forces at Maharajpoor. "Your lordship," writes Sir H. Gough, "must have witnessed with the same pride and pleasure that I did the brilliant advance of those columns under their respective leaders, the European and native soldiers appearing emulous to prove their loyalty and devotion; and here I must do justice to the gallantry of their opponents, who received the shock without flinching, their guns doing severe execution as we advanced, but nothing could withstand the rush of British soldiers." On the same day the left wing of the army, under MajorGeneral Grey, defeated the Gwalior troops at Punniar.

1844.

January 1.-The Marquis of Westminster writes to the chairman of the council of the Anti-Corn-Law League, "I have much pleasure in sending a contribution of 500l. to your fund; and I venture to express a hope that you will not relax your endeavours until you have obtained from Government, in whatever hands it may happen to be, the fullest measure of free-trade compatible with what is due to the maintenance of public credit.”

2.-Two blacksmiths belonging to the Mormon body tried at the Chester assizes for causing the death of a female disciple by their violence at the ceremony of immersion. The evidence failed to connect the prisoners with the offence, and Justice Wightman instructed the jury to return a verdict of Acquittal.

3. The Oxford delegates of appeal in Congregation give judgment in favour of Dr. Hampden, and against Mr. M'Mullen, a candidate for the degree of Bachelor of Divinity, who refused to write on the exercises given out by Dr. Hampden.

5.-The Queen's carriage upset at Harton, near Datchet; but her Majesty and companion, the Marchioness of Douro, escape unhurt.

12. Tried before the High Court of Justiciary, Edinburgh, and acquitted, Christina Cochrane, or Gilmour, charged with poisoning her husband at Lochinvar. She was the first person surrendered on a criminal charge by the United States under the Ashburton Treaty.

13. Came on for hearing in the Rolls Court the case of the Duke of Brunswick v. the King of Hanover, being a prayer that two instruments, and the appointment thereunder of the Duke of Cambridge as guardian of the fortunes of the plaintiff might be void, and the defendant liable to account for the personal estate and the produce of the sales of the real estates of the plaintiff received by the defendant as for his use since his appointment to the guardianship. Lord Longdown decided that the alleged acts of the defendant under the instrument were not acts in respect of which the court had jurisdiction, or which the defendant was liable to be sued for in this court

15. Commenced in Dublin the trial of Daniel O'Connell and eight others, charged with conspiracy and misdemeanour. The evidence during the proceedings had reference chiefly to the language quoted in the huge indictment as having been used by the traversers at various repeal demonstrations. On the 27th Mr. Shiel, M. P., delivered his great speech on behalf of John O'Connell.

19. The Gazette contains the following notice with reference to one of the principals in the late fatal duel :-"Lieut. and Adjutant A. T. Monro of the Royal Regiment of Horse

Guards (Blue) is superseded, being absent without leave."

A private rehearsal of sacred music, the composition of Prince Albert, takes place in the Queen's private chapel, under the superintendence of Dr. Elvey.

23.-Died in St. James's-place, aged 74, Sir Francis Burdett.

30. Scene at the O'Connell trial between the Attorney-General and Mr. Fitzgibbon, counsel for one of the traversers. On the return of the Court after refreshment, Mr. Fitzgibbon rose and said, "My lord, while I was endeavouring during the adjournment of the Court to take a little rest, rendered so necessary by my state of health, a note was placed in my hand signed by the AttorneyGeneral, which note I deemed it my duty to throw back again, and I now ask him to place it in your lordship's hands." The AttorneyGeneral making no movement, Mr. Fitzgibbon paused a few minutes, and then went on. "He will not. Then I must tell the Court the substance of its contents. In that note the Attorney-General tells me that I have in my address to the Court given him a personal offence, and that if I do not apologize at once to name my friend-(sensation). I do not deny, my lord, that his position is one of difficulty. In the peculiar circumstances of the case it is for him to say whether he thinks it manly to adopt the course he has taken. I leave him, my lord, in your hands." The Attorney-General replied, "The language complained of I have taken down, and it attributes to me that I have been actuated by dishonourable motives in the conduct of this prosecution, and influenced by the effect that failure might have on my party and my professional advancement." A mutual friend of the learned gentlemen having interposed with the sanction of the Court, the Attorney-General withdrew the note, stating that he had been very much irritated at the time of writing it. This personal matter disposed of, Mr. Fitzgibbon resumed his address to the jury on behalf of his clients.

February 1.-Parliament opened by the Queen in person. The Speech made reference to the condition of Ireland, the state of the revenue, and the revision of the charter of the Bank of England.

6. Sir James Graham introduces a bill to amend the Factory Act. No child under eight to be employed in factories, nor any young person under sixteen. Children not to work more than six hours and a half daily, and, young persons and women not more than twelve. Work on Saturdays to cease at 4 o'clock.

8. Lord Ashley moves an address to the Crown, praying that her Majesty "will be graciously pleased to take into her consideration the situation and treatment of the Ameers of Scinde; and that she will direct their immediate restoration to liberty and the enjoyment