5.-At an afternoon sitting of the House of Lords, the Prince of Wales takes his seat for the first time. His Royal Highness wore the scarlet robe with ermine bars, proper to his rank as Duke of Cornwall, over the uniform of a general in the army. He also wore the "George," and the Star of the Order of India. The oath having been administered, a procession of Peers moved towards the throne, and the Duke of Cambridge pointing to the chair of state on the right, his Royal Highness took his seat there, covered. Rising immediately afterwards he again advanced to the woolsack, shook hands cordially with the Lord Chancellor, who offered his congratulations. His Royal Highness then retired by the Peers' entrance. In the evening the Prince attended the debate on the Address, taking his seat on the cross-benches.

Came on for hearing in the Court of Queen's Bench, before Lord Chief Justice Cockburn and a special jury, the case of Clark v. the Queen, being an action (the first of the kind) raised under Mr. Bovill's Petition of Right, by an inventor of certain methods of constructing iron ships, against the Admiralty, for an alleged use and application of his invention, or of his plans and drawings, in the construction of the Warrior and others of our new iron vessels of war. The Petition of Right was filed so long ago as March 1861, plaintiff framing his case, not only upon his patent, but also on a second and distinct count, an alleged contract by the Admiralty to accept and use his plans and remunerate him for their use. Particulars of infringement were then delivered, which comprised longitudinal framing on each side of internal keel," and "plates of vertical framing set up according to the invention;""vertical floors;" longitudinal framing inside and out; mode of securing timber to external framing; a particular mode of framing in floors; timber between two thicknesses of metal; and tonguing and grooving plates." Two main points in dispute were whether these were included in the alleged invention, and if so whether they were novelties, so that they could legally be the subjects of a patent. The tables of the Court were covered with sections and models of the Warrior and other similar vessels, while the Court in some degree, crowded as it was with eminent scientific men, had the aspect of a mechanical museum, or conversazione of the Society of Civil Engineers. The amount claimed in naine of damages was 500,000/. The trial lasted over five days, in the course of which a great number of marine engineers of eminence and Admiralty officers were examined. Mr. Watts, the Chief Constructor of the Navy, said, he had designed the Warrior without any aid whatever from the petitioner's designs. In his charge the Lord Chief Justice formally directed the jury to consider-(1) Whether the patent had been infringed in the building of the Warrior, &c., either in the use of the separate framework and the wooden planking, or the tonguing and

grooving. (2) Whether the petitioner's specification and drawings showed vertical and longitudinal framing separate from the plates. (3) Whether, if so, that was a new invention or had been previously used. (4) Whether it was so described in the specification that a competent workman could therefrom construct such a framework. (5) Whether the complete specification departed from the provisional. (6) Whether the petitioner had been employed by the Admiralty, or had furnished drawings, &c. on the terms he alleged ? The jury then retired to consider their verdict, and were absent above an hour. On their return into Court they returned answers to the above questions thus: (1) That the patent has not been infringed--i.e. in the construction of the hull. (2) That the petitioner's specification does not show longitudinal and vertical framing separate from the plates. (3) As to the question of novelty they desired to be excused from answering. (4) The jury likewise desired to be excused from answering as to whether the specification described the invention sufficiently, and the Lord Chief Justice said it was not now material. (5) The jury said the complete specification did contain some matters which were not in the provisional. (6) They found that the petitioner had not been employed by the Admiralty. This, of course, amounted to a verdict for the Crown, and was so entered. The jury added that they desired to say nothing as to the validity of the plaintiff's patent on other points.

7.- Wreck of H.M.S. Orpheus on a sandbank in Manukau harbour, west coast of New Zea land. From the inquiry which took place, it appeared that either she was not kept far enough to the north, or that the middle bank had very recently extended itself unknown to the pilots; for very shortly after passing the bar, and when about two miles from the Head, the ship struck on what was subsequently discovered to be the extreme northern edge of the middle bank, and at about fifty feet from the deep water. The order was given to back astern, but the engines never moved; the ship immediately broached to with her head to the north, and the waters made one complete sweep over the port broadside, tearing to pieces and sweeping everything before them; the heavy bumping of the ship then forced up the hatchway fastenings, and she consequently soon filled with water. The small steamer Wonga-Wonga picked a number of the survivors off the wreck; but of 260 officers, crew, and marines on board, no less than 190 were drowned, many of them being carried beneath the wreck by the eddies and undercurrents which formed about the vessel when the strong flood-tide set in. About eight hours after the Orpheus struck, the masts went one by one, the people in the tops being heard cheering and encouraging each other as they fell. The commander, Commodore Burnett, C. B., was among those drowned. His body was recovered by the natives, and buried in

the first instance on the coast, but afterwards disinterred, and removed to Auckland, where it was interred with military honours.

9.-The Bishop of Lincoln's palace at Riseholme partly destroyed by a fire, believed to have originated in the chimney of the servants' hall.

The George Griswold arrives at Liverpool laden with provisions, the gift of Americans to the Lancashire fund for the relief of the distressed operatives. The commander was presented with an address by the Chamber of Commerce, expressive of thankfulness for the munificent and well-timed gift. Another vessel, the Achilles, arrived in the Mersey, on the same charitable mission, on the 24th.

12. The Prince of Wales entertained by the Worshipful Company of Fishmongers, and presented with the freedom of that Corporation.

13. The Upper House of Convocation, at the request of the Lower, agree to the appointment of a Committee to inquire into the teaching of Bishop Colenso's work on the Pentateuch.

Came on for hearing in the Court of Common Pleas, Guildhall, before Lord Chief Justice Erle and a special jury, the case of Collingwood v. Berkeley and others, which led to an exposure of what the Times described as one of the greatest swindles of the day. The action was brought by the plaintiff, Isaac Collingwood, against the Hon. F. H. F. Berkeley, N. J. Fenner, E. Loder, and others, as Directors of the British Columbia Overland Transit Company (Limited), to recover back the sum of 457. paid by the plaintiff for his passage and transit to British Columbia, and the amount of damage and costs he had been put to from the failure on the part of the defendants to carry out a contract they had entered into with him to convey him to Columbia, and for leaving him without any provision for conveying him further, at St. Paul's, Minnesota, in the United States of America. The Overland Transit Company was projected by Colonel Sleigh, with the avowed object of conveying emigrants to British Columbia. He caused an attractive prospectus of the project to be drawn up, and prefixed to it a list of first-class names as Directors. How many of these gentlemen, or whether any of them, had been consulted did not appear, but there was no doubt that several had not, and in some instances peremptory orders were given to omit their names. ley was among those who appeared to have given their consent before the prospectus was issued. It was next duly announced that the first batch of emigrants would be transported to British Columbia in the course of May, via Quebec, Chicago, and St. Paul's, Minnesota. Thence they were to be conveyed to their destination, partly by water, partly by land, under the protection of a "powerful escort," and it was stated that plenty of cattle and provisions would be taken, that the prairies abounded

Berke

in wild buffalo, and that the rivers swarmed with fish. Accordingly, Mr. Collingwood, with thirty-one other passengers, having paid their passage-money of 42/. each to cover everything, sailed on May 31, from Glasgow, in charge of the Company's agent, Mr. Hayward, and arrived without mishap at St. Paul's. There they found nothing whatever in readiness, no lodging, no provisions, no covered waggons or other means of transport, no escort, and no money to purchase or hire any of these. Hayward had brought none with him; Hines, the agent at St. Paul's, had got none; neither Messrs. Burbank, the contractors for the transport of emigrants, nor any one else would take the Company's bills, and there was nothing for it but to send Mr. Collingwood back, and to camp out in the meantime under canvas. Mr. Colling. wood hurried back to England in no enviable mood, and knocked at the door of No. 6, Copthall-court, Throgmorton-street, where the office had been. It was gone; the Company's name was erased, and the laundress in occupation could tell him nothing about it. sought out the Company's solicitor, but found that the bubble had burst and that the Directors repudiated the agency of Colonel Sleigh. A verdict was now given against all the Directors except Fenner. Damages 160/.

He

15. Following the course of the White Nile from Ripon Falls, Lake N'yanza, Speke and his party enter Gondokoro, where they were met, not by Consul Petherick as had been intended, but by Mr. Samuel Baker, and hospitably entertained.

16. With reference to the suspension of intercourse with Brazil, following on the dispute regarding the wreck of the Prince of Wales in the Rio Grande, Lord Derby, in the House of Lords, said that more unjustifiable proceedings were never taken by any representative of the Crown against a friendly government than what appeared to have been taken by Mr. Christie, and he trusted to hear that they had been disapproved of by her Majesty's Ministers. Earl Russell justified the conduct of the Government on the ground mainly that the Brazilian authorities had prevented an inquiry being made into the matter of our complaints.

17. In the Court of Probate and Divorce, Sir C. Cresswell gives judgment in the notorious case of Gipps v. Gipps and Hume. Augustus Pemberton Gipps prayed for a dissolution of his marriage with Helen Etough Gipps, on the ground of her adultery with William Wentworth Fitzwilliam Hume. The respondent pleaded a denial of the charge. The co-respondent also denied the charge, and further alleged that the petitioner had been guilty of connivance and of wilful neglect and misconduct, conducing to the adultery if it had been committed. He also averred that the petitioner had filed a former petition charging adultery between the respondent and co-respondent, and that when the petition was

about to be heard the petitioner, in consideration of a large sum of money to be paid to him by the co-respondent, agreed to withdraw the petition; that the co-respondent had paid to the petitioner a large sum of money, and that when the petition came on for hearing the petitioner produced no evidence in support of it, and the verdict was thereupon entered for the respondent and co-respondent. The petitioner by his replication traversed the allegations of connivance and wilful neglect and misconduct, and as to the other averments in the co-respondent's answer pleaded that they were irrelevant except as evidence of connivance, and that they contained a partial and incorrect statement of the circumstances of the former suit.-Petition dismissed.

17.

The Earl of Rosse installed Chancellor of Trinity College, Dublin.

In explanation of the intention of the Oxford High Church party to bring the teaching of Professor Jowett under the notice of the Vice-Chancellor's Court, Dr. Pusey writes:— "It is impossible to look upon Professor Jowett's teaching otherwise than as a part of a larger whole-a systematic attempt to revolutionize the Church of England. The publication of the Essays and Reviews' was a challenge to admit that teaching as one of the recognised phases of faith in the English Church. The subjects on which we are told on high legal authority that there is evidence that Professor Jowett has distinctly contravened the teaching of the Church of England, are great and central truths. These are the doctrine of the Atonement, the Inspiration of Holy Scripture, and the agreement of the creeds with Holy Scripture. Painful, then, as it is to have to act against one with whom in this place we must needs be brought into contact-painful as are many other consequences of an appeal to law-yet I hold myself bound by my duty to God, to the Church, and to the souls of men, to ascertain distinctly whether such contradiction of fundamental truths is to be part of the recognised system of the University.' Next day Mr. Godfrey Lushington wrote: "Of the prosecutors, Dr. Pusey, too well known to fame to make any statement, has been suspended from the University pulpit for heterodoxy, he has been condemned in person by Dr. Ogilvie, one of his co-prosecutors, and indirectly by the other, Dr. Heurtley, and he and his followers were saved from impending academical exile by the intervention of the very man he is now prosecuting."

19.-In view of the marriage of the Prince of Wales, and in response to a Royal message on the subject, the House of Commons unanimously adopt Lord Palmerston's mot on to settle 100,000l. per annum on his Royal Highness-40,000l. to be drawn from the Consolidated Fund, and 60,000l. from the revenues of the Duchy of Cornwall; 10,000l. was also voted for the separate use of the Princess of

Wales, and 30,000l. per annum in the event of her surviving his Royal Highness.

20. The Pneumatic Despatch Company commence operations by sending the mail-bags through the tubing from Euston Station to the post-office in Eversholt-street.

23. In the House of Commons Lord Clarence Paget introduces the Navy Estimates, and moves for a vote of 10,736,0327., being a reduction of 1,058,273. as compared with the preceding year. The number of seamen and marines to be the same-76,000 men.

Unveiling of the Wedgwood statue at Stoke-on-Trent.

27.-At Oxford, in the Chancellor's Court, Montague Bernard Esq., Assessor, delivers judgment in the case instituted by the Rev. Dr. Pusey and two other Doctors of Divinity against the Rev. Benjamin Jowett, Professor of Greek in the University, for heresy contained in certain of his published writings. Objections were taken by defendant's proctor that the court had no jurisdiction in spiritual matters; that it was unfit to do justice to the case, and that it had no power over a Regius Professor. The Assessor now gave judgment that the protest in which these objections were embodied should be disallowed, but that the case must not be carried further.

In the course of a debate on the Navy Estimates, Sir F. Smith made certain observations which led Mr. Reed, Chief Constructor of the Navy, to write him an epistle which the House adjudged to be a breach of its privileges. Mr. Reed now appeared at the bar in custody of the Serjeant-at-arms, and expressed his regret for having written the letter, as he was now sensible that he had entirely misunderstood the purport of Sir F. Smith's observations. He was therefore excused from further attend

ance.

The

Came on for hearing in the Court of Queen's Bench, Guildhall, before Lord Chief Justice Cockburn and a special jury, the libel case of Campbell v. Spottiswoode, being an action raised by the Rev. Dr. Campbell, for some years editor of the British Banner, and now editor and proprietor of certain religious papers -the British Ensign and the British Standard -against the printer of the Saturday Review, for an alleged libel in one of its articles. first sentence of the article referred to a series of "Letters to the Prince Consort," published by the plaintiff in his paper in 1860. The general tenor of these letters, as admitted by the Doctor in cross-examination, was to warn the religious public of the dangers which might arise to the Prince of Wales from his being at Rome in the company of Roman Catholic prelates; from his visit to Canada, where Roman Catholics were in the ascendant; and from his being sent to Oxford for education. In August 1861, there was an article in the Saturday Review commenting upon these letters, and alluding to a hoax said to have been practised

66

upon the Doctor in respect of their subject. In September 1861, there commenced in the British Ensign and British Standard a series of letters from the plaintiff, as editor, on the subject of "Missions to China." One of these letters, published in that month, was addressed to the Queen, and contained a passage which was reprinted and commented upon in the article alleged to be libellous. On the 6th of June, 1862, there appeared in the British Standard, following a long letter from the plaintiff, as editor, on the same subject, a letter from the publisher, stating: Co-operation is earnestly invited to aid in sending forth on all sides, facts, arguments, and appeals calculated to awaken compassion for the lost millions of the land of China." Other passages referred to the encouragement given to the scheme by various friends, some known, others unknown. An article on the subject in the Saturday Review of the 14th June, contained the following "To spread the knowledge of the Gospel in China would be a good and an excellent thing, and worthy of all praise and encouragement; but to make such a work a mere pretext for puffing an obscure newspaper into circulation, is a most scandalous and flagitious act, and it is this act, we fear, we must charge against Dr. Campbell. Buy the letters, and save the heathen.... No doubt it is deplorable to find an ignorant credulity manifested among a class of the community entitled, on many grounds, to respect; but now and then this very credulity may be turned to good account. Dr. Campbell is just now making use of it for a very practical purpose, and to-morrow some other religious speculator will cry his wares in the name of Heaven, and the mob will hasten to deck him out in purple and fine linen. When Dr. Campbell has finished his 'Chinese Letters,' he will be a greater simpleton than we take him for if he does not force off another 100,000 copies of his paper by launching a fresh series of thunderbolts against the powers of darkness. In the meanwhile, there can be no doubt that he is making a very good thing indeed of the spiritual waters of the Chinese." In summing up, the Lord Chief Justice said to the jury, "If you think that the only effect of the article was fairly to discuss the proposal of the plaintiff, then find for the defendant. If you think that the effect is to impute base and sordid motives, then your verdict ought to be for the plaintiff. If, at the same time, you are of opinion that the writer did so under an honest and genuine belief that the plaintiff was fairly open to these charges, I invite you, while you find your verdict for the plaintiff with such damages as you think proper, to find that matter of fact specially; and I shall, in that event, reserve leave to the defendant to move to enter the verdict for him, if the Court should be of opinion that the matter of fact so found in his favour entitles him to the verdict." The jury then retired to consider their verdict, and returned, after the lapse of an hour, with a verdict for the plaintiff

for 50%., at the same time finding specially That the writer of the Saturday Review be lieved his imputations to be well founded." On the 18th April an application was made in the Court of Queen's Bench for a rule to show cause why the verdict for the plaintiff should not be set aside and entered for the defendant. In pronouncing his opinion, the Lord Chief Justice said:"You have a perfect right to canvass a man's public conduct; to say that it was foolish and absurd, and that the effect of the subscription which Dr. Campbell was asking the public to contribute to, was only to put money into his pocket; but when you go beyond, and state what would be the mischievous consequences, and say he is actuated by a desire of putting money into his own pocket, and that he resorts to fraudulent expedients, you are charging him with positive dishonesty. The doctrine cannot be pushed further. have a full right to comment in the true spirit of criticism. It is said that it is for the interests of society that men's public conduct should be criticised; but, on the other hand, it seems to me, that we all have an equal interest in the maintenance of the public character, without which public affairs could never be conducted with a view to the public welfare, and we ought not to sanction attacks upon public men destructive to their character and honour, unless they can be proved to be true. On these grounds I am of opinion that no rule should be granted." The other learned judges were of the same opinion. The rule was therefore refused.

You

March 2.-Earl Russell writes to the British Minister at St. Petersburg that her Majesty's Government view with the deepest concern the state of things now existing in Poland:-"Great Britain, as a party to the Treaty of 1815, and as a Power deeply interested in the tranquillity of Europe, deems itself entitled to express its opinions upon the events now taking place, and is anxious to do so in the most friendly spirit towards Russia, and with a sincere desire to promote the interests of all parties concerned. Why should not his Imperial Majesty, whose benevolence is generally and cheerfully acknow ledged, put an end at once to this bloody conflict by proclaiming mercifully an immediate and unconditional amnesty to his revolted Polish subjects, and at the same time announce his intention to replace without delay his kingdom of Poland in possession of the political and civil privileges which were granted to it by the Emperor Alexander I. in execution of the stipulations of the Treaty of 1815? If this were done a national Diet and a national Administration would in all probability content the Poles, and satisfy European opinion.”

6.-Russia relieves the Polish peasantry from the oppressive rights of the nobility and landed proprietors.

7. A public reception, remarkable for its splendour and enthusiasm, given to the Prin

cess Alexandra of Denmark on her arrival in this country. She was met at Gravesend by the Prince of Wales, and received by the Lords of the Admiralty and the dignitaries of the town. An address presented on the occasion expressed the delight of the Mayor, aldermen, and burgesses of the borough at the honour conferred on the town by selecting it as that part of her adopted country which she had chosen first to honour with her presence. The journey by rail to the metropolis was performed in a leisurely manner to afford some satisfaction to the eager crowds which gathered at every station along the line. When Bricklayers' Arms Station was reached, a royal and official deputation were waiting on the platform to receive the illustrious bride and bridegroom. A slight luncheon was also partaken of here before they set out on their progress through the metropolis. The route lay by way of the Old Kent and Dover roads, the Borough High-street, across London-bridge (where the procession was augmented by the Lord Mayor, Corporation, and City companies), King William-street, the Mansion House (where the Lady Mayoress presented a tasteful bouquet to the Princess), Cheapside, St. Paul's Churchyard (where seats were erected to accommodate about 12,000), Ludgate-hill, Fleet-street, the Strand, Pallmall, Piccadilly, and Hyde Park (where the Volunteers mustered in great force), to the station of the Great Western Railway at Paddington. Probably the most notable feature of the welcome was the decoration of London-bridge, which was taken in hand and completed at great expense by the Corporation. Along the entire route the people were packed in such masses as excited wonder that even so gigantic a population as London could furnish the spectacle. Not a building could be descried from which did not wave some flag, floral device, or other token of welcome; the whole route, too, being literally overarched with a canopy of banners, garlands, and streamers. The police arrangements in the City were unfortunately not of the most perfect description for permitting the different deputations to join the procession, and at the Mansion House and Temple Bar the lives of spectators were for hours placed in great jeopardy. From Paddington the Prince and Princess continued their journey to Slough, where carriages were waiting to carry them through Eton to Windsor, which was reached about 5.30 P.M.

The welcome at the close of this royal progress was as cordial and universal as that which greeted them on their entry into the metropolis.

8.-Resignation of Sir Rowland Hill of his office of Secretary to the Post Office announced in the House of Lords, and a high tribute paid

to him as one who had introduced and com

pleted an improvement which had, perhaps, conferred more benefit on mankind than any

other invention.

10. Marriage of the Prince of Wales and the Princess Alexandra of Denmark solemnized

with great pomp in St. George's Chapel, Windsor. Regarded as a work of art, the ceremony was described by spectators as perfect. Everything had been foreseen, and everything provided for. From the first to the last, one

event followed another with a certain ease of action and unity of design which left nothing to be desired. Gravely, firmly, reverentially, without affectation, and with a dignified and quiet simplicity, the hero and heroine of the day performed their part. The interest of the wedding guests culminated with the entrance of the Royal Bride into the chapel and her advance to the altar. The hush," writes the Times correspondent, "was now so deep and breathless, that even the restless glitter of the jewels that twinkled everywhere seemed almost to break it, and despite of the stately etiquette which had hitherto regulated every word and gesture, all now bent far and eagerly forward, as the hum and rustle in the nave beyond showed the young Bride to be drawing near. In another moment she had entered, and stood the fairest and almost the youngest of all the train that bloomed in fair array behind her. Though not agitated she appeared nervous, and the soft, delicate bloom of colour which ordinarily imparts a look of joyous happiness to her expressive features had all but disappeared, as with head bent down, but glancing her eyes occasionally from side to side, she moved slowly up towards the altar. On nearing the haut pas the Prince turned as if to receive her, but checked himself as he saw them all bowing to the Queen, who sat in her private closet from the commencement of the ceremony, and for the first and only time he seemed irresolute as to what he ought to do. The long keen scrutiny seemed to have disturbed his consciousness at last, though only for a second. The anthem ceased, and all retired a little apart while the Bride and Bridegroom were left standing in the middle of the haut pas-the latter above, the former, of course, closely surrounded by her attendant bridesmaids. As the solemn chant ended, the prelates advanced to the communion rails, and the Primate, in a rich clear voice which was heard through every part of the building, choir and nave, commenced the service with the usual formulary. At the words 'I, Albert Edward, take thee, Alexandra,' &c., the Prince repeated word for word after his Grace, though now and again when it was the turn of the young Bride she could be heard to answer almost inaudibly. The concluding prayer was solemnly repeated, and Prince and Princess rose while the Primate joined their hands and uttered the final words,-"Those whom God hath joined together let no man put asunder.' Soon after, the guns in the Long Walk were heard booming forth, and the air with sound. Raising his voice, the Primate steeples throughout the town seemed to fill the solemnly pronounced the benediction, during which the Queen, now deeply affected, was observed to kneel and bury her face in her handkerchief. The Bride and Bridegroom then