stades at five days' journey, and 6000 at thirty°: the former implying 240 stades to the day, the latter 200.

IX. Strabo reckons it a six days' journey from Mazaca in Cappadocia to the Pyla of Cilicia P: and one day's journey from Sagalessus in Phrygia to Apamea¶. Both these calculations, according to the best maps, would not much exceed twenty-five Roman miles to the day. The same author calls it three or four days' journey from Jericho to Petra in Arabia1; a distance which may be computed at rather more than one thousand stadia; and consequently above thirty Roman miles to the day at least. A similar statement occurs respecting the breadth of the isthmus between Pelusium, and Arsinoë on the Sinus Arabicus, one thousand stadest: which Pliny estimates at 125 Roman miles", forty-one Roman miles to the day at the utmost, and thirty-one at the least: the mean between which is about the ordinary length of a day's journey, avopi Eve; and of this the statements must be understood. It is another instance of the same mode of statement that the distance from Brundisium to Tarentum is called one day's journey; which yet Strabo reckons at three hundred and ten stades, and Pliny at thirty-five Roman miles . Scymnus of Chius also makes it seven

putation is confirmed by the Itinerary of Antoninus, and Lucan, Pharsalia, vi. 73. Cf. Cæsar, De Bello Civili, iii. 44. and the Scholiast in loc. who makes the distance sixteen miles. The true meaning of Horace is, that an expeditious traveller might have made one day's journey of it from Rome to Forum Appii;

whereas he and his companion made two, (see the Scholiast in loco,) travelling about fifteen Roman miles the first day, and twenty-five the next. Forty Roman miles, or about thirty English, would actually be a day's journey for an expeditious traveller.

o Illyrica, i. 1. P xii. 1. §. 10. 36. Pliny, H. N. ii. 112. §. 5. 190. r xvi. 4. §. 21. 442.

q Strabo, xii. 6.

s Diodorus Siculus, xix. 98. Josephus, De

ti. 94, 95. Cf. Herodotus, v Strabo, vi. 3. §. 1. 284. §. 5. 295. §. 8. 300.

Bello, iv. viii. 4. Itinerarium Hierosolymitanum.
ii. 158.
u H. N. v. 12.

H. N. iii. 16.

days' journey across Asia from Amisus on the Euxine,
to Alexandria on the Sinus Issicus": which could not
be less than forty Roman miles to the day; and there-
fore would be greater than could be accomplished by
any but an expeditious traveller*.

More instances might be collected; but these are
sufficient to illustrate and confirm our original posi-
tion; and, what I have chiefly in view by them, to
shew that our Lord's day's journey, previous to his
stopping with Zacchæus, admits of being computed at
twenty-seven or twenty-eight Roman miles, as nothing

* Xenophon, Economicus, xx.
18: a day's journey is reckoned
at 200 stades. Aristides, Oratio
xiii. 305. §. 5: the circuit of the
walls of Athens is called μepn-
σίας ὁδοῦ μῆκος τὰ σύμπαντα :
which Dio Chrysostom, vi. 199.
§. 29-35, calls 200 stadia in ex-
tent, and half the periphery of
Babylon. Xenophon, Hell. iii.
ii. 11: Herodotus, v. 54: Ephe-
sus was three days' journey from
Sardis, and 540 stadia: two
days' journey of 2oo stades, and
one of 140. Demosthenes, De
Corona, §. 247. 289: 700 stades
are reckoned a three days' jour-
ney. Cf. Xenophon, De Vectiga-
libus, iv. 46, 47. Polybius, ii.
25: Clusium was three days'
journey from Rome, that is,
(Strabo, v. 2. §. 9. 142.) 800
stades. Libanius, Oratio xi. 286.
20. the distance of Antioch from
the sea, 120 stades, (Cf. Strabo,
xvi. 2. §. 7. 308, 309. Procopius,
De Bello Persico, ii. 1 1, a passage
quoted by Suidas in Διέχουσαν)
is reckoned a six hours' journey
ávopì cútovo. Pausanias, x. 33. §.
2: a day's journey in the winter

season is put at 180 stades. Ve-
getius, De Re Militari, i. ix: Mi-
litari ergo gradu viginti millia
passuum horis quinque dumtaxat
æstivis conficienda sunt. pleno au-
tem gradu, qui citatior est, toti-
dem horis viginti quatuor millia
peragenda sunt. Cf. cap. xxvii :
also Spartian, Hadrianus, 10. A-
chilles Tatius, Isagoge in Arati
Phænomena, Uranologion, 137.
C. D: Χαλδαίοι... λέγουσι... πάλιν
ἀνδρὸς πορείαν, μήτε τρέχοντος, μήτε
ἡρέμα βαδίζοντος, μήτε γέροντος, μή
τε παιδὸς, τὴν πορείαν εἶναι τοῦ ἡλίου,
καὶ λ' σταδίων καθαρῶν εἶναι: that
is, as I understand it, at the rate
of thirty stades in an hour. Jo-
nah iii. 3: Nineveh is called a
city of three days' journey,
which must mean in circuit;
that is, 480 stades; which is at
the rate of 160 stades a day.
The same thing is implied of
Babylon, Aristotle, Politica, iii. i.
12: τοιαύτη δ ̓ ἴσως ἐστὶ καὶ Βαβυ-
λών, καὶ πᾶσα ἥτις ἔχει περιγραφὴν
μᾶλλον ἔθνους ἢ πόλεως, ἦσγε φαί
ή
σὶν ἑαλωκυίας τρίτην ἡμέραν οὐκ
αἰσθέσθαι τι μέρος τῆς πόλεως.

w Apud Geographos Minores, ii. 54. l. 185–189. Cf. Herodotus, i. 72. ii. 34.`
VOL. IV.

M m

greater than common; but not at thirty-two or thirtythree, which would probably be above the standard. Hence after travelling that distance on the Friday, he might well stop within three or four miles of Bethany; and yet arrive there within an hour after sunset on the evening of the following Saturday.