⚫ be objected unto him that I am mainly touched with the speeches of the "Cubs." To that he may answer 'he doth hear that I am burdened but with the accusation ' of one witness, which he doth think hard to condemn a Iman for. And if it be answered there be more, he may I reply that it comes but from one man's report, if that be true which vulgarly is spoken. He must be earnest ⚫ both with the King and Queen and all the Lords, and intreat the Spanish Ambassador to join with him; but if he can procure a letter from his master to the King and Queen in my behalf, I presume it will do me a great deal of good. In the mean time I will desire to have conference with some preacher, unto whom, upon I my soul, I will deliver all truth and will not lie, and thereupon I will take the sacrament. More than I have said I cannot upon my salvation; but let that alone, and speak not you so much, for if that were known, I should not now be suffered to speak with any preacher; ⚫ the hope being I will speak more, will be the means to procure to have one sent unto me. I pray you be earnest with Sir John Levison to pray him to let me ⚫ have it under his hand, that of his knowledge he knows my brother never loved me, but did hate me; it is as 'much as my life is worth, and this my affliction is a trial of my true friends. [My Lord Cecil did write a ⚫ letter unto the Lieutenant wherein he protested he will 'do for me as he would do for his own soul; but arraigned 'I must be, and he knows not what the King will do for 'my life; so you see what my hope is. God is my record, the innocency of my cause I hope shall quit me. I am the first Peer in England that shall be called ' in question upon a conceit which was never intended to be put in execution*] God is my hope, in whom only I do put my trust, for vain is the hope of man. " remember you told me that my own confession in itself was not treason, nor my brother's accusation of me, but ⚫ both together doth make it treason; this I would gladly know, because it is very material for me to remember ⚫ it at my arraignment. I pray you stay no longer at

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*This passage between brackets is marked in the original for omission, in the hand-writing of Sir Edward Coke.

Cobham than you must needs, for time with me is precious. Remember my velvet gown, and let my wife ⚫ want no money; remember well the contents of my 'letter, and burn it afterwards. My brother's wife is ❝ permitted to come unto him daily, and this is only but < to put him in heart that he may come to give evidence against me. Your Master, HENRY COBHAM.'

Then was read Lord Cobham's Letter to Lord Cecil, found in the Spanish Bible, as follows :

'

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May it please your Lordship,-As I was bold to make you the first acquainted with my purpose of ' travel, so now having altered that determination, I am 'as bold likewise to acquaint you therewith. I have looked into my estate, and I find myself further behind'hand than I conceived, so that possibly I cannot dispose ' of my business to take my journey as I meant. Yet I ⚫ would be loath to have it so suddenly known, though I 'am desirous to give you satisfaction of my purpose now and alteration. One favour I would pray of you, that if I may be spared for meeting of any Ambassadors, especially you shall bind me unto you for it. And so 'I humbly take my leave.

"Your Lordship's brother-in-law*, Humbly to command, HENRY COBHAM.'

Then was read the Letter from Mellows to Sir Thomas Fane, inclosing a Letter from Lord Cobham, which was also read:

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Sir, I have here-inclosed sent you a letter from my 'Lord Cobham, which, indeed, should have come long 'since unto your hand; but, by reason of my Lord's restraint, there was no use of it nor cause why he should 'send it. But within these few days, by chance perusing certain papers of his Lordship's for other uses, amongst others I found this letter, which I presently showed 'his Lordship, and advised with him whether it might 'not stand him in stead to have it sent unto you, and to pray you to write an answer accordingly. In the end, ' upon some reasons, he agreed in opinion with me, and *Cecil had married a sister of Lord Cobham.]

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gave me express charge to entreat you, by the ancient friendship you bear him and his house, that you will 'vouchsafe to write him an answer with a date according to his letter; and therein to take notice that you are very glad that his resolution was altered from travelling, using other words to dissuade him, which he leaveth to your wiser consideration. The meaning hereof is only that, with other circumstances, he may show by your letter that he had no purpose to travel, but had given it over; whereby he shall remove some doubts that he only intended to travel to practise against the King. His Lordship would have written ❝ unto you himself, but that I persuaded him not, holding it safe for him, especially being so surely kept and I waited as he is. Wherefore he commends his entire affection unto you, and desires you to pray for him; protesting you have ever been the truest of men to him, ⚫ and if God had blessed him to have spoken unto you, you had saved his house, which now, through ignorance ' rather than sin, is entirely ruined.

I can write no more of him, but that, by the exactest letter of the law, he shall be tried, for he is wholly left, ' and hath not one friend in Court that is of power or willing to do him good. The arraignment will not be " until the term, at which time I expect nothing but the rigour of the law, and his absolute conviction, unless 'God move the hearts of his Peers to judge him by a more favourable construction. And this is all the hope I have; if this fail, the next and only good is to refer him to the protection of Almighty God.

'And so I leave to be further troublesome, and will "be ready to do you any service. RICHARD Mellows.'

'Sir,-This bearer, my servant William Ward, can tell you what I have done to procure money from my Lord Treasurer for Dover Haven *, which is to small purpose, for he hath made me a direct answer that he can spare

*This letter is very artfully composed; the reference to the applications for Dover Haven, no doubt, corresponded with the fact, which would, of course, be in the recollection of the Lord Treasurer, and tend to remove all suspicion of the genuineness of the letter..

no money till Michaelmas. I wrote unto his Lordship again, that if he would but write unto me that he would see this 5007. paid at Michaelmas, that so much money 'should be disbursed for the present for the cost of that harbour. My Lord hath made the self-same answer; money now cannot be spared, and that he will give no word for any money that is to be issued out of the Exchequer. More I cannot do. At Bartholomew tide (God willing) I will be at Dover, and stay there with you some fifteen days, about the harbouring business, which sooner I would do, but that I would have all the Am'bassadors gone. In the meantime I will remain at my house at Cobham, whither I mean to go very shortly, 'from whence you shall hear from me.

Touching my travel, I have half altered my purpose; so soon as I meant to go, I cannot: and when I shall see you, your persuasion may alter my purpose altogether, for I confess unto you I am not so forward in it as I was. I am glad to hear you are better than you were. Commend me very kindly to my Lady; and so I leave you to God's protection. From my house at Black Friar's, the 4th of July, 1603.

Your loving Friend,
'HENRY COBHAM.

'To my loving Friend, Sir Thomas Fane, Knight,

'Lieutenant of Dover Castle.'

The Evidence now seemed at an end; whereupon Sir Walter Raleigh addressed himself to the Jury, and used a speech to this effect:

Sir Walter Raleigh. You, Gentlemen of the Jury, I pray you consider there is no cause so weak, no title so bad, but the King's learned Counsel, by wit and learning, can maintain it for good, and that against men of their own profession; much more can they do so with me who never studied the law till I came into the Tower of London,-who have been all my life practised in other affairs, and am weak of memory and feeble of health, as you may see; I beseech you, therefore, consider their abilities and my weaknesses. For all that is said to the contrary, you see my only accuser is the Lord Cobham, who, with tears, hath lamented his false accusing me, and repented

of it as if it had been an horrible murder. You have had many shows of proof, all turning but to presumptions, and those not such as the laws allow; for binding presumptions ought to arise out of preceding matters, and not from subsequent. If you will cast back your thoughts upon my former courses and actions,-what have been my travels, adventures, expenses, and attempts, and all against Spain; if you knew also what at this time I have written against the peace with Spain, you would never suspect me to be Spanish; in truth, I have been all my life ever averse to that faction. But I will challenge nothing to myself, nor expect anything of you but what reason, religion, and conscience ask for every man : only this let me say to every one of you in particular;remember what St. Augustine saith," So judge as if you were about to be judged yourselves; for in the end there is but one Judge and one Tribunal for all men." That Judge must judge both me and you; before that Tribunal both you and I must stand. Now if you yourselves would like to be hazarded in your lives, disabled in your posterities,-your lands, goods, and all you have confiscated, your wives, children, and servants left crying to the world; if you would be content all this should befal you upon a trial by suspicions and presumptions, upon an accusation not subscribed by your accuser, without the open testimony of a single witness, then so judge me as you would yourselves be judged.

This speech being ended, Serjeant Phillips was desired to gather together all the evidences passed, and shortly related it to the Court :

Serjeant Phillips. The charge made against the prisoner is High Treason in conspiring to deprive the King of his crown and state. The means of effecting this were several; first, getting of money from abroad; secondly, raising of tumults in Scotland; and, thirdly, divulging a book against the King's title. That these treasons were meant by some of them is not in question, for Sir W. Raleigh confesseth so far; and the Lord Cobham accuseth himself of all these. But now the question is, whether Sir W. Raleigh be guilty as inciting or procuring the Lord Cobham to this treason; if the Lord Cobham say truth, Sir W. Raleigh is guilty; if Sir W. Ra