a letter from Raleigh, the effect whereof was that he had been before the Council, and was asked divers questions of me, but had cleared me in all. And Kemys told me further, that the Lord Henry Howard had made an argument or syllogism against me, "because of my discontentment I was apt to fall into action." His Lordship saith further, that Kemys did ' wish him not to be dismayed, for that he brought him 'word from Sir Walter Raleigh that one witness could ' not hurt him, or to that effect.'

Then was read an Examination of Kemys *, Sir Walter Raleigh's servant, as follows:

'He saith that he delivered a letter from Sir W. Raleigh to the Lord Cobham in the Tower; and that, by 'Sir W. Raleigh's orders, he did report to Lord Cobham ' that my Lord Henry Howard had made a syllogism against him, namely, Because he was discontented, 'therefore he was likely to enter into an action of treason: that Sir W. Raleigh also ordered him to tell the Lord Cobham not to be dismayed, for that one witness 'could not condemn him.'

Sir Walter Raleigh. I deny the writing of any such letter. My Lord Cecil knows about the time such a letter is supposed to have been written, that I acquainted him with all that I knew. He told me he was glad no more persons were in that treason.

Lord Cecil. This was meant of the Priests' treason. Sir Walter Raleigh. And I told my Lord Cecil I hoped also that my Lord Cobham stood clear, to which my Lord Cecil replied, "he did hope so, and thought no less." But for answer, I say there is no such letter or copy thereof showed which you now speak of; the truth is, that at the time when such a letter should be written by me as you suppose, I had of the Lord Cobham 4000%. worth of his jewels in my hand; he sent to me about them, and thereupon I wrote to him. For that you tell me of Kemys, I never sent him on any such message. I

Kemys was an old soldier and retainer of Raleigh's, and accompanied him, in 1616, on his unfortunate expedition to Guiana, where, overcome with grief at the failure of a detachment committed to his charge, and the consequent reproaches of his master, he put an end to his existence with his own hand.

VOL. I.

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know not what you might draw from myself for fear of torture, for this poor man hath been a close prisoner these eighteen weeks, and hath been threatened with the rack to make him confess; but I dare stand upon it he will not say it now.

Lord Henry Howard. No circumstance moveth me more than this; Kemys was never on the rack, for the King gave charge that no rigour should be used.

Commissioners. We protest before God there was no such matter intended to our knowledge.

Sir Walter Raleigh. Was not the keeper of the rack sent for, and he threatened with it?

Sir W. Wade. When Mr. Solicitor and myself examined Kemys, we told him he deserved the rack, but did not threaten him with it.

Commissioners. That was more than we knew.

Lord Cecil. By the speeches let fall here this day, some may take it as if the Lady Arabella and Count Aremberg were nearly touched in this matter, because they are often named, but for the Lady Arabella, lest any should scandalize so innocent a lady, I dare boldly say she was never privy to any of those things. A letter was once written to her, but she no way entertained it, but laughed at it, and presently acquainted the King therewith. And for Count Aremberg, it is not to be noted what others said to him, or presumed of him, but how far he consented or approved.

The Lord-Admiral (Nottingham), being in Court with the Lady Arabella, said, "The Lady doth here protest, upon her salvation, that she never dealt in any of these things; and so she willed me to tell the Court."

Sir Walter Raleigh. I have already often urged the producing of my Lord Cobham, but it is still denied me. I appeal now once more to your Lordships in this: my Lord Cobham is the only one that hath accused me, for all the treasons urged upon me are by reflection from him. It is now clear that he hath since retracted; therefore since his accusation is recalled by himself, let him now by word of mouth convict or condemn me. pion, the Jesuit, was not denied to have his accusers face to face. And if that be true which hath been so laboured all this day, that I have been the setter-on of my Lord

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Cobham, his instigator, and have infused these treasons into him, as hath been said, then have I been the efficient cause of his destruction; all his honours, houses, lands, and goods, and all he hath, are lost by me; against whom, then, should he seek revenge but upon me? and the world knoweth him as revengeful of nature as any man living. Besides, a dying man is ever presumed to speak truth: now Cobham is absolutely in the King's mercy; to excuse me cannot avail him; by accusing me he may hope for favour. It is you, then, Mr. Attorney, that should press his testimony, and I ought to fear his producing, if all that be true which you have alleged.

Lord Henry Howard. Sir Walter, you have heard that it cannot be granted; pray importune us no longer. Sir Walter Raleigh. Nay, my Lord, it toucheth my life, which I value at as high a rate as your Lordship does yours.

Lord Cecil. I am afraid my often speaking may give opinion to the hearers that I have delight to hear myself talk. Sir Walter Raleigh hath often urged, and still doth urge, the producing of my Lord Cobham, I would know of my Lords the Judges, if it might not stand with the order of our proceedings to take a further time, and know his Majesty's pleasure in that which is desired.

The Judges resolved that the Proceedings must go on and receive an end.

Lord Cecil. Sir W. Raleigh, if my Lord Cobham will now affirm that you were acquainted with his dealings with Count Aremberg, that you knew of the letter he received, that you were the chief instigator of him, will you then be concluded by it?

Sir W. Raleigh. Let my Lord Cobham speak before God and the King, and deny God and the King if he speak not truly, and will then say that ever I knew of Árabella's matter, or the money out of Spain, or the surprising Treason, I will put myself upon it. God's will and the King's be done with me!

Lord Cecil. Then, Sir Walter, call upon God to help you, for I do verily believe my Lords will prove this *.

It is probable that Cecil here refers to the letter from Cobham to the Lords of the Council, afterwards produced by the Attorney-General.

Lord Henry Howard. But what if my Lord Cobham affirm anything equivalent to this, what then? Sir W. Raleigh. My Lord, I put myself upon it. Attorney-General. I shall now produce a witness

viva voce.

He then produced one Dyer, a pilot, who being sworn, said, Being at Lisbon, there came to me a Portugal gentleman who asked me how the King of England did, and whether he was crowned? I answered him that I hoped our noble King was well and crowned by this, but the time was not come when I came from the coast for Spain. "Nay," said he, "your King shall never be crowned, for Don Cobham and Don Raleigh will cut his throat before he come to be crowned." And this in time was found to be spoken in mid July.

Sir W. Raleigh. This is the saying of some wild Jesuit or beggarly Priest; but what proof is it against me?

Attorney-General. It must per force arise out of some preceding intelligence, and shows that your treason had wings.

Sir W. Raleigh. If Cobham did practise with Aremberg, how could it but be known in Spain? Why did they name the Duke of Buckingham in Jack Straw's Rebellion, and the Duke of York in Jack Cade's, but to give countenance to the treasons?

Then was read Lord Cobham's Letter* to Mellows, from the Tower, as follows:

* This correspondence is taken from the State-Paper Office. It is not stated in any of the reports that this transaction, which from the beginning to the end of it does not refer to Raleigh, was proved on his trial. It is, however, fully opened in the speech of Sir Edward Coke, and the original documents are marked, in his hand-writing, with the usual directions to the Officer of the Court how to read them. This may no doubt have been done by him in preparing the proofs for Cobham's trial, and therefore it must remain uncertain whether it was actually proved against Sir Walter Raleigh. We have thought it right to place it here, both as explaining the story, which is somewhat obscure upon the statement of the Attorney-General, and as throwing additional light upon the character of Lord Cobham. It will be observed that the only mode in which Coke seeks to affect Raleigh with this contrivance, is by the argument that it was beyond the reach of Cobham's un

Mellows, I allow very well of your advice to desire to speak with a preacher, and I would have you, upon your return from Cobham, to write to my wife that you hear I am not well, and that I have made a request ⚫ unto the Lieutenant to have a preacher come unto me. Now your advice unto her shall be, to be a means unto the King, that he will send Mr. Galloway, or some of 'his preachers unto me, to move me out of conscience to confess more, if that I know anything, that thereby the King might be satisfied of the truth in every point. 'If this might be brought to pass, it would, I think, do me a great deal of good. My motion to the Lieutenant 'shall be for Mr. Doctor Andrews, for I would not have it known for the world that I desire to have any of the King's Ministers, but that motion to come merely from 'my wife as a matter altogether unknown unto me.

"I hope you have sent unto Sir Thomas Fane an answer of that letter I desire to have written with his own hand, dated some days after the receipt of mine; that he is glad of my purpose to go to Dover and be there at Bartholomew-tide, but gladder that he doth 'find I do mean to stay my determination from travel. • When you have this letter I would have you put it into 'the Spanish Bible with the other papers that you know of, and by chance seem that in searching among my 'books you have found both the one and the other. It will be good proofs to move the Lords that my purpose was altered from my travel.

This is now come into my head: I hear the peace is likely to go forward. I could wish that you spoke with La Rensy, to deal with Count Aremberg, to move the Spanish Ambassador with himself to move the King for my pardon, and to keep me from my arraignment. 'I would likewise have Aremberg moved to speak unto 'the Queen, and to use his master's name to move the King in my behalf, and to let her know that he doth daily expect letters from him unto her Majesty, to 'desire her favour for me. In the mean time he was ' commanded to deliver this unto her. It may be, it will derstanding to have invented it. The reader will probably draw the same conclusion; though no great power of mind seems necessary for such an artifice,