YRUS E. DALLIN has just completed the full-size clay model of his Anne Hutchinson statue, for which a Boston committee

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is now raising funds, with a view to placing the completed bronze in the vestibule of the Boston Public Library, as pendant to the Macmonnies heroic statue of Sir Henry Vane. Anne Hutchinson was a contemporary of Sir Henry Vane, who was one of her adherents in the so-called "Antinomian Controversy" in Boston in the seventeenth century. Hence the appropriateness of placing her statue near his in the vestibule of the Library in Copley square. The sculptor has had the happy idea of representing his heroine grouped with one of her little daughters, and the addition of the dainty, quaint figure of the little maid is of unquestionable advantage to the interest of his work. Anne Hutchinson is depicted standing with her face uplifted, her Bible clasped to her bosom in one hand, while with the other hand she holds the shoulder of the little girl, with a protective motherly movement which is very felicitous and natural. Both mother and child are dressed in the homespun stuff of the period, the costume of the child being in almost all respects a diminutive duplicate of the costume worn by the adult woman. There is the linen cap on the head, folded back over the forehead; the long cloak, falling in straight folds almost to the feet, over the plain-cut skirt; and the mother's wide collar, cuffs edged with lace, and slashed sleeves are, with slight variations, repeated in the little girl's dress.

The attitude and expression of the woman mark the character of the religious enthusiast and mystic. In fact, Mr. Dallin has made of her a type of the seventeenth century religious insurgent, not quite a fanatic, but of the stuff of which martyrs are fashioned. Softening this historic side of her character, and adding a touch of the more sympathetic human element, the introduction of the child at her side, with her gentle and wondering gaze, which seems to question the unknown. future, and her charming gesture of dependence, as she grasps her mother's skirt with one hand, affords the needed and complementary element of intimacy and affection. As a matter of plastic composition the group thus formed is far more interesting and convincing than the single figure of the mother would have been without the subsidiary figure of the child.

Transcript, BOSTON

VOL. XXII

A

THE MAGAZINE OF HISTORY

WITH NOTES AND QUERIES

JANUARY-FEBRUARY, 1916

MRS. ANNE HUTCHINSON

Nos. 1-2

MONG the events of our early settlement there are many in which we feel a proud satisfaction, together with a feeling of loyalty and honor to those pioneers who, with unfaltering bravery and simple trust in God, founded the first homes in and around "Boston in New England.”

Yet there was a series of events very early in the new life of the colony, which we do not recall with such satisfaction, and which we sometimes wish might be passed over, or blotted from the pages of history; but they have become a matter of record, and it only remains for us to look back upon the unhappy time with sympathy and compassion for the sufferers, and consideration for those who caused the suffering.

It is needless to say that we refer to the persecution of many of the early colonists on account of their religious belief.

Let us glance a moment at the conditions existing when Boston was in its infancy, and the colony receiving its growth year by year, by the numbers of people from over the sea. The majority of these were English Puritans, who had left their homes to escape the religious persecution. They came to escape this for themselves; and to find in a new country, a place where they could enjoy religious freedom; and yet, as history shows us, they persecuted in their turn many of those who ventured to hold a spiritual belief in any degree different from their own.

In forming the colony, they so framed the laws and all arrangements of the new settlement that their own religious principles would not be disturbed. In accordance with this idea they reserved to themselves the right to admit to the colony as freemen only those who pleased; and later, they agreed that no man should be so admitted except those who were members of the churches within the limits of the colony.

To them such a regulation seemed the one and only way of forming the Christian republic which their hearts so earnestly desired; and although the after-events showed them to be at times so pitifully narrow in their actions and belief, and proved them to be so unjustly cruel, yet it must be borne in mind that they were in almost every case sincere and believed that they were serving the greater good of Christian unity in persecuting all those of different religious belief.

As a result many persons suffered among them Henry Dunster, first president of Harvard College, Roger Williams, Rev. John Wheelright, Mrs. Anne Hutchinson, and many others.

Later come the well-known names of Ann Austin, Mary Fisher, Margaret Brewester and Mary Dyer-all of whom suffered martyrdom during the Quaker persecution.

To realize the sufferings and trials of our heroine we must view her life from this standpoint of the seventeenth century, under the conditions already stated.

Then we may perhaps better understand why it was that in 1637, she was driven from her home into exile, as an enemy dangerous to public order, for maintaining in her own house that a mere profession of faith was not an evidence of salvation, unless the Spirit had revealed itself from within.

Mrs. Hutchinson (Anne Marbury), was born in Lincolnshire, England, about 1590. She was the daughter of Francis Marbury, a minister in Lincolnshire, afterwards in London. This in part explains her after career. The daughter of a scholar and a theologian, naturally much of her life had been passed in the society of clergymen, whom she learned to esteem on account of their moral and intellectual life. She was one who pondered deeply the truths of Christianity and was very fond of theological discussion, both for its own sake and for the opportunity it gave her for solving the problems of her own life. Under these influences her remarkable intellectual powers were aroused and quickened, and a spiritual strength was awakened which permeated her whole being.

She lived, too, at a time of great religious excitement; the period of the great Puritan revolt, so that it is easily seen how that movement, which had enlisted some of the noblest minds in England, should absorb

such a person as Anne Marbury, whose whole life responded to the moral questions of the day.

While quite young she married William Hutchinson, a Lincolnshire country gentleman of good character and estate. In their old home, the Hutchinsons were parishioners of Rev. John Cotton, then minister of St. Botolph's Church in Boston, England. For him and his abilities, she had the highest respect and esteem; and when Cotton fled to New England in 1633 to escape the persecution of the bishops, the Hutchinsons also emigrated.

Mr. Hutchinson's sister had married Rev. John Wheelright, another minister of Lincolnshire, who had also been deposed for non-conformity, and who decided to join the Hutchinsons in their journey to America.

They engaged passage on the ship "Griffin" which arrived on these shores September 13, 1634. In the Hutchinson party was William, his wife Anne and their family; his aged mother, one unmarried brother, and his sister and her husband, Rev. John Wheelright.

By this time, Mrs. Hutchinson was about forty years old, and a family had grown up around her. Her oldest children were now adults so that it was no thoughtless young girl, but a middle-aged, matured, and experienced woman of the world who looked eagerly to New England there to obtain and enjoy liberty of conscience among those who might be supposed, if any people on earth could, to know its value.

During the voyage she entered into discussions with many of the Puritan ministers who were also going to New England. She talked upon many theological questions; discussed the evidences of justification and broadly hinted that when they should arrive at their destination, they might hear more from her. From these little things it seems clear that she considered herself as one with a mission.

Upon their arrival in Boston the Hutchinsons settled in a house on the site of the present store, which we have always known as the "Old Corner Book Store." In due time they made application to be received as members of the church. This step was necessary to admit them into Christian fellowship, and to allow William Hutchinson the privileges of a citizen. He came through the questioning of the ministers much more easily than did his wife, and was admitted to the church in Octo